Book: "Teaching literacy for preschool children. Features of teaching literacy for children with general speech underdevelopment Download niche teaching literacy for preschool children
Hello everybody.
I absolutely did not understand why the author of this notebook writes such syllables as ik, ok, im, it, un, etc. together ?????? I think that it is not correct to teach children to do it ...
Hello everybody.
The copybooks disappointed me, although I completely agree that it is necessary to start teaching children how to write in squared notebooks.
At first I was upset by the size of the book, it is smaller than a simple checkered notebook.
But the content also stunned me a little.
I absolutely did not understand why the author of this notebook writes such syllables as ik, ok, im, it, un, etc. together ?????? I think that it is not correct to teach children to write printed words together. In the photo I will show how the child managed to write what the author advised.
You can't look at the words "mok", "com" without tears.
I strongly do not recommend buying such recipes.
They not only will not help the child to understand the basics of writing, but will also teach him to write illiterately.
Attaching photo:
The tasks then become more difficult: circle and color the letters, determine from what sound the names are read ...
The first of three notebooks, introduces the letters A, U, O, I, T, P, N, M, K, teaches to read simple syllables, there is a prescription for the development of fine motor skills in combination with the indicated letters in the cells, develops phonemic perception , ingenuity, memory.
Ideal for children with OHP 4 years old for the first acquaintance with letters and words in block letters in block letters.
Tasks further become more difficult: circle and color the letters, determine from what sound the names of objects are read, then add the last letters in words, write the letters missing in the middle of the word, learn all the letters and paint with different pencils, etc.
In notebooks 2 and 3, the tasks also become more complicated, consonants and sibilants are being worked out, but the writing is printed goes in letters an order of magnitude higher, simple sentences are indicated ...
This is the very first notebook from a set of educational notebooks for classes with children with speech underdevelopment. There are three of them: No. 1, No. 2, No. 3. We have purchased the whole set and are very happy about it.)) Here are the letters, words in which letters can occur, and it is also proposed to circle lines, letters, syllables by dotted lines. All this will help the child in the future in writing printed letters. The notebook is very entertaining, the child enjoys studying!
Anna Kalinova
Features of teaching children with general speech underdevelopment to read and write
A large place in the correctional and developmental process is given to literacy training. Learning to read and write is a certain way formation of reading and writing skills. High quality teaching preschoolers to read and write possible under the condition of developed phonemic hearing and phonemic perception.
The outstanding psychologist L. S. Vygotsky pointed out the need to start literacy training at a certain stage of the child's development, when his mental functions are in the stage of maturation. Efficiency in literacy training, according to Vygotsky, can be achieved with maximum consideration of age features and opportunities baby: the level of his thinking, perception, speeches, memory.
The child must also have sufficiently developed speech hearing and « special vision for letters» (normal vision is promotes memorizing the outline of letters without special labor). The human brain, according to T. G. Wiesel, includes cells that know "Memorization and ability to use letters".
Development and improvement of the methodology teaching children to read and write preschool age has its own history.
Sound method literacy training, proposed by K. D. Ushinsky had both its advantages and limitations: great attention was paid to acquaintance children with sound side speeches and sound analysis (the work was carried out with whole sounding words, and not with isolated sounds, but was not given way of teaching the reading process.
I.N.Shaposhnikov proposed a more improved method literacy training... According to his method literacy training comes from dividing a word into syllables, and words into sounds, and the selected sounds are indicated by a printed letter (writing process) followed by reading the written word (reading process)... But even this technique did not reveal the very mechanism of the reading process, the moment of merging sounds into a syllable.
D. B. Elkonin developed a new technique learning to read... Process learning reading is based on the sound matter of language and consists of three interrelated stages: highlighting phonemes in a word, general orientation in the phonemic system of the language; mastering the system of vowel phonemes, designating them with letters, forming an orientation towards vowel phonemes and letters; mastering the system of consonant phonemes, designating them with letters, recreating the sound form of a syllable and word, forming the main reading mechanism.
System of work on teaching children to read and write... G. Goretsky, V. A. Kiryushkin, A. F. Shanko is based on the analysis of sounding speeches... New in this system is another sequence of learning sounds and letters. This sequence is based on the principle of the frequency of the use of sounds (letters) in Russian (from the most common to the least common and then to the least common in the entire alphabet).
A special the technique deserves attention literacy training for preschoolers L... E. Zhurova. Children are taught ways mastering mental actions - sound analysis, positional reading on the material of the entire alphabet; strict stages of formation are observed way of reading... Important and significant in this technique is that in the process learning children master the action of a quantitative and then a qualitative sound analysis of a word.
Considered techniques literacy education focused on teaching children without speech pathology. Literacy training for preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment requires a special technique. This contingent children has great difficulty in mastering diploma.
Systems teaching children to read and write with ONR were developed by such leading experts as L. F. Spirova, R. I. Shuifer, T. B. Filicheva, G. V. Chirkina. Consider peculiarities, structure and content of the system teaching children with OHP to read and write.
LF Spirova and RI Schuifer point to the primary importance of studying the sound-letter composition of words. Process literacy training based on the following conditions:
- education is conducted only on correctly pronounced sounds and words ( literacy training as a continuation of pronunciation training);
A different order of studying sounds and letters is proposed in comparison with the methods. teaching children to read and write without speech pathology;
The pace of all sounds is slower (1.5 years);
The skill of quick orientation in the sound-letter composition of the word is developed;
All verbal material is familiar to children;
In-depth work is being carried out to form morphological generalizations;
In parallel with the study of sounds and letters, elementary rules are given grammar and spelling;
The same sound and letter is studied;
Acquaintance with a new letter is carried out by analyzing its elements;
T.A. Tkachenko proposes a system literacy training for preschoolers with OHP, where the generally accepted sequence of studying sounds and letters according to the system of G.A. Kasche is taken as a basis (y, a, u, n, t, k, o, s, s, z, w, etc.). Literacy training designed for two years - in senior and preparatory groups for school.
In the first year of correctional work, preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment acquire a clear understanding of each sound, improve the skill of sound analysis and synthesis (without the introduction of letters).
Second year learning presupposes following:
From the very first lessons, an alphabetic image of the studied sounds is given, which promotes faster memorization of letters;
The assimilation of syllable structures of words occurs through sound-letter analysis and synthesis (work with diagrams, cutting alphabet);
Developing the skill of post-word reading (auditory dictations)... Such important points v teaching children with speech underdevelopment:
The name of the letters is given in accordance with the pronunciation of the sound in the final position of the words (poppy, house, what promotes the formation of the skill of smooth, continuous reading by word;
A special the system deserves attention literacy training preschoolers six years old with general underdevelopment of speech Filicheva T... B. Literacy training according to this technique, it is carried out on the material of sounds previously worked out in pronunciation. The basis of the system literacy training has a special the order of learning letters, which is determined by the articulatory difficulty of pronouncing the sound. Content learning distributed over periods.
First period: completion of work on the formation of readiness for literacy training started in senior group in the classroom on the formation of sound culture speeches.
Second period: Start literacy training... Acquaintance with vowels (a, y, o, and, with consonants (m, n, t, k, s); folding from the letters of the split alphabet of syllables (mu, su, words (poppy, soup) on the trail of sound analysis and synthesis; converting words by adding, rearranging, replacing sounds; meaningful reading.
Third period: literacy training... Expansion of the volume of the studied sounds and letters (w, r, l, h, c, h, w); analysis and synthesis of monosyllabic words with a confluence of consonants (table, two-syllable words (mouse, three-syllable words (Panama); exercises to identify the missing letter in a word; reading syllables, composing words from syllables; education continuous reading with an explanation of the meaning of the read; dividing sentences into words, determining the order and number of words in a sentence
Distinctive feature of the literacy learning system preschoolers with ONR N.V. Nishcheva is that directly educational process starts with the middle group (in the second quarter)... N.V. Nishcheva suggests educate children of the preparatory group the alphabetical name of the letters and learn the Russian alphabet itself with preschoolers (in the second and third quarters).
According to the Beggar system, a child with OHP is already in middle group reads words consisting of two open syllables (note, mother, and in preparatory group a letter is added to reading in block letters.
Throughout the period learning phonemic analysis skills are developed. The author pays great attention to the prevention of dysgraphia and dyslexia.
Considered systems literacy training are widely used by speech therapists-practitioners in correctional work with children with OHP.
From the above it follows that it is the preschool period that is most favorable for the child's entry into "Linguistic reality"... During literacy training there is an intensive mental development of the child, his learning activities, which allows preschoolers in the future without special difficulties to get involved in the school educational process.
Bibliography
1. Wiesel, T.G. Anomalies speech development child [Text] / T. G. Wiesel. - M., 1995 .-- 37p.
2. Zhurova L. E. Teaching preschoolers to read and write [Text]: methodical manual / L... E. Zhurova, N. S., Varentsova, N. V. Durova. M: School-Press, 2004.- 144 p.
3. Nishcheva, N.V. Program correctional and developmental work in speech therapy group kindergarten for children with general speech underdevelopment from 4 to 7 years old... [Text] / N. V Nishcheva. - SPb .: DETSTVO-PRESS, 2006 .-- 352 p.
4. Tkachenko, T. A. In the first grade - no defects speech [Text]: Methodical allowance / T... And Tkachenko. - SPb .: CHILDHOOD-PRESS, 1999 - 112s.
5. Filicheva T. B. Correctional education and upbringing of children 5 years of age from general speech underdevelopment [Text] / T... B. Filicheva, G. V. Chirkina - M., 1991 .-- 44 p.
6. Shashkina, G. R. Speech therapy work with preschoolers: educational manual [Text] / G... R. Shashkina, L. P. Zernova, I. A. Zimina. - M .: Academy - 2003.-240s.
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