Real-time 3D city maps or virtual walks. How to correctly name the card suits The choice should depend on the needs
It is generally accepted that cards come from China, but Poland, Germany and France can also be considered as countries that gave the world cards, because card games were no less common among their peoples than in China.
Deck Composition
A standard card deck consists of 36 cards, but this is already considered a modern option, however, initially there were 54 cards in the deck: 36 main and 18 auxiliary. Each card is "repeated" 4 times - one in each of the four suits.
Of interest are the names and depicted on playing cards. Many are accustomed to seeing half and mirror figures of kings and ladies, but this is a trend of the New Age, and in the old days the card figures were drawn in full height.
All cards in the deck are divided into four suits, which are commonly called:
- hearts;
- tambourines;
- clubs;
- peaks.
Map designations
The cards of clubs and spades are usually denoted in black, and diamonds and spades in red. The cards have a numerical designation and an image in the form of drawings. The numerical cards include the smallest cards in terms of seniority, and the “pictures” are more significant, such as ace, king, queen, jack. Ace is the most significant card, in many translations it is listed as "deputy head" or "deputy king". The word "ace" in Greek means "the sower of slander", and from German it is almost the devil. Either way, this card is insidious and gives a lot of power.
The position of the king and queen cards in the deck is obvious, and the name speaks for itself. What can not be said about the jack card. Translated from French"jack" is a servant, on the map he is depicted as a young man in the form of a squire.
Suits
Very interesting names of suits. Previously, instead of the usual spades or worms, there were the following designations:
- cups;
- swords;
- wands;
- denarii.
The cups that were awarded to the winners turned over time into hearts, reminiscent of the shape of a cup and heartfelt gratitude, and the wands into clubs or crosses. Denarii turned into tambourines, and swords became sharp peaks, in fact, denoting weapons.
In some decks there is another card called. On the card, the joker is depicted as a jester in color or black and white, he rarely plays, but his move is always designed to confuse the plans (cards) of opponents.
Real-time 3D city maps or virtual walks
To my great surprise, I found that many people are not familiar with such a concept as " Street panoramas» on the maps. I hasten to fill this gap.
For the first time, the ability to travel through the streets of the city without leaving your computer appeared on Google maps, and for obvious reasons remains the most pumped on this service.
In the window below, you can take a virtual tour of the city of Moscow. Use the navigation arrows in the upper left corner of the image. You can also change the viewing angle using the arrows on the keyboard. To move around the picture, you can click in the image area. The arrows on the streets of the city show the routes. You can change your position on the city map by dragging the mouse yellow man in the lower right corner of the image:
State Tretyakov Gallery
And in this interactive window you can take a virtual online walk through the halls of the Tretyakov Gallery! In the upper left corner of the image, you can switch between the floors of the museum, which is very convenient:
Cathedral of Christ the Savior
"Street panoramas" can be compared to the study cities from satellites in real time. After all, driving into the search " Moscow from satellite in real time» users probably want to see the nearest streets or even their house in the best possible way. Unfortunately, this cannot be done from a satellite in real time, unless special equipment is used.
And for ordinary users who do not want to bother with unnecessary problems, “Street Panoramas” will come in handy, they act as a full-fledged replacement for satellite maps, plus they give full review the place we need.
And if you want to walk around such megacities as New York, Paris, London, Madrid, Rome, Barcelona and Prague without leaving your home, then be sure to check out our articles:
london 3d
New York 3d
paris 3d
Rome 3d
Milan 3d
Prague 3d
Barcelona 3d
madrid 3d
Also you can see " Disneyland Paris on the 3D map».
Well, if you want to do travel with satellites in real time, then you are here.
Separately, it is worth mentioning that so far you can go on a virtual walk in Russia only in Moscow using the Street Panoramas service from Yandex.Maps.
In addition to walking, this service allows you to:
- make a trip around the city and see the sights;
- plan a trip route in an unfamiliar place, looking at interchanges and road signs with your own eyes;
- look around the house when looking for a new place of residence;
- print a photo of the place you need.
Happy travels!
A whole world can fit on one sheet of the map, with all the oceans, continents, mountains and plains, countries, cities, minerals, animals and birds. You just need to be able to read the map correctly. In this lesson, we will learn what maps were in antiquity, and what types of maps are now, what are the advantages of a map over a globe, what is a scale, a map legend. We will learn how to use the scale of depths and heights, determine the coordinates of terrestrial objects.
Subject: The planet we live on
People started drawing maps even before they thought about whether the Earth is round or flat. Scientists have discovered in Kamchatka a drawing on a bone depicting a path to a place rich in prey. This is probably one of the oldest maps. Maps were drawn on pieces of bark, cut out on wooden boards, which were convenient to take on the road. Some peoples scratched cards with a sharp object on damp clay tiles, which, after drying, became strong, with a clear image.
This world map, in the center of which the city of Babylon is located, more than 3 thousand years.
Rice. 1. World map of Ancient Babylon ()
Rock paintings of the area were also found in caves where people lived thousands of years ago.
Rice. 2. Rock drawing of the area ()
With the invention of paper, cards began to be drawn on it. All the information received by scientists and travelers during their wanderings in different lands was applied to the maps.
Rice. 3. Ancient map of the world on paper ()
Making a map was a long process, because all the details were drawn by hand, so the cards were very expensive.
For a long period of time only four were present on the maps: Eurasia, Africa, North America, South America. Many years passed before navigators discovered Australia and Antarctica.
When you look for any country on the globe, you see only one hemisphere. And to see something else, the globe must be rotated.
On the globe it is impossible to designate a large number geographical objects without increasing its size. A large globe is inconvenient for travel use.
Scale- this is the ratio of the length of the lines on the map or drawing to the actual length. The scale of the physical map of Russia tells us that each centimeter of the map corresponds to 200 km on the ground.
Rice. 7. Physical map of Russia ()
On the map you can show two halves of the Earth at once. If you divide the globe along the equator, you get map of the northern and southern hemispheres,
Rice. 5. Northern and Southern Hemispheres
and if along the line of the zero meridian - Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
Rice. 6. Western and Eastern Hemispheres
On the mineral map special icons mark the places of mineral deposits.
Rice. 9. Map of minerals ()
On the animal habitat maps habitats indicated. various kinds birds and animals.
Rice. 10. Bird and animal habitat map ()
On the contour maps there are no color designations and depicted, but not signed, all kinds of geographical objects. They are convenient for laying routes.
Rice. 11. Contour map
On the political map of the world depict countries and their borders.
Rice. 12. Political map of Eurasia ()
On the synoptic maps conditional icons show observations of the weather.
Rice. 13. Synoptic map ()
Various cards are combined into atlases.
Rice. 14. Geographic atlas ()
The maps depict different territories. There are maps of districts, cities, regions, states, continents, oceans, maps of the hemispheres and world maps.
Conventions on the map are the same as on the globe. They're called legend and are usually placed at the bottom of the map.
Let's find the West Siberian Plain on the physical map of Russia.
Rice. 16. West Siberian Plain ()
Small horizontal lines covering a large part of its territory mean swamps.
Here are some of the most big world swamps - Vasyugan. The lines represent rivers, borders and roads, the circles represent cities.
Rice. 17. Vasyugan swamps
The seas and mountains have real outlines and are colored different colors. Blue and light blue - reservoirs, yellow - hills, green - lowlands, brown - mountains.
At the bottom of the map, a scale of depths and heights is placed, with which you can see what height or depth means this or that shade of color on the map.
The deeper the ocean, the darker the color. On the map of the Arctic Ocean, the darkest shade of blue is in the Greenland Sea, where the depth reaches 5,527 meters; the lightest shade of pale blue, where the depth of the sea is 200 meters.
Rice. 18. Physical map of the Arctic Ocean
The higher the mountains, the darker the color they are marked with. So, Ural mountains, which are considered relatively low (the highest peaks from 1000 to 2000 m above sea level), are colored light brown on the map.
Rice. 19. Ural Mountains
Himalayas - the highest mountains in the world (10 peaks with a height of more than 8 km) are indicated in dark brown.
Rice. 20. Himalayan mountains
In the Himalayas is located Chomolungma (Everest) - the highest peak in the world (8848 m).
Using the height scale, it is easy to determine the height of the Caucasus Mountains.
Rice. 23. Caucasus Mountains
Them Brown color indicates that the height of the mountains is more than 5 thousand meters. The most famous peaks - Mount Elbrus (5642 m) and Mount Kazbek (5033 m) are covered with eternal snow and glaciers.
Using the map, you can determine the exact location of any object. To do this, you need to know coordinates: latitude and longitude, which are determined by the degree grid formed by parallels and meridians.
Rice. 26. Degree grid
The equator serves as a reference point - on it the latitude is 0⁰. Latitude is measured from 0⁰ to 90⁰ on either side of the equator and is called north or south. For example, the coordinate 60⁰ North means that this point lies in the Northern Hemisphere and is at an angle of 60⁰ to the equator.
Rice. 27. Latitude
Longitude is measured from 0⁰ to 180⁰ on both sides of the Greenwich meridian and is called western or eastern.
Rice. 28. Longitude
St. Petersburg coordinates - 60⁰ N, 30⁰ E
Moscow coordinates - 55⁰ N, 37⁰E
Rice. 29. Political map of Russia ()
- Vakhrushev A.A., Danilov D.D. The world 3. M.: Ballas.
- Dmitrieva N.Ya., Kazakov A.N. The world around 3. M .: Publishing house "Fedorov".
- Pleshakov A.A. Surrounding world 3. M .: Enlightenment.
- Academician ().
- survival().
- Locate on the physical map of the world Pacific Ocean. Determine its deepest place, indicate its name and depth. Describe how you identified this place.
- Make a short test (4 questions with three answers) on the topic "Geographic maps".
- Prepare a memo with the rules for working with cards.
How to correctly name card suits
There are many serious discrepancies in the names of card suits today. For example, you can say: hearts or hearts? How is it really right?
There are three views on this issue. The first is the view of classical Russian literature in the works of Pushkin, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Gogol, Dostoevsky and other famous Russian writers. The second look is Soviet language practice and the third look is modern slang. Many famous authors of books on card games suggest using the names of the suits that are indicated in the classical literature, other well-known authors believe that terms from the Soviet era should be used. My personal opinion is to use the names of card suits that people want to use during the game. It can be any name with any declension. And what names were used for the names of card suits are best left for historians, let it be recorded in the reference literature.
Below I will give several tables of case forms of the names of card suits of normative and colloquial vocabulary.
Table 1. Declensions of suit names (singular)
Normative vocabulary
| case | Suit ♠ | Suit ♣ |
Suit ♦ |
Suit |
| Nominative | peak |
Clubs |
tambourine |
Cherva |
| Genitive | peaks |
Clubs |
Diamonds |
Hearts |
| Dative | pique |
Clubs |
Tambourine |
Worms |
| Accusative | pike |
Clubs |
tambourine |
worm |
| Instrumental | spear |
club |
tambourine |
worm |
| Prepositional | pique |
Clubs |
Tambourine |
Worms |
colloquial vocabulary
| case |
Suit ♠ |
Suit ♣ |
Suit ♦ |
Suit |
|
Nominative |
Guilt |
Cross |
buba |
|
| Genitive |
Vini |
Baptize |
Booby |
|
| Dative |
Wine |
Cross |
Boubet |
|
|
Accusative |
Blame |
Cross |
Boo Boo |
|
|
Instrumental |
Blame |
Cross |
Buboy |
|
|
Prepositional |
Wine |
Cross |
Boubet |
Table 2. Declensions of suit names (plural)
Suit
Nominative
Peaks
Clubs
Diamonds
Hearts
Worms
Genitive
peak
Clubs
Tambourine
worm
Worms
Dative
Peakam
Clubs
tambourine
Worms
Hearts
Accusative
Peaks
Clubs
Diamonds
Worms
Hearts
Instrumental
Spades
Clubs
tambourines
Hearts
Worms
Prepositional
Peaks
Clubs
tambourines
Chervakh
Worms
colloquial vocabulary
|
case |
Suit ♠ |
Suit ♣ |
Suit ♦ |
Suit |
|
Nominative |
Vini |
Baptize |
Booby |
|
|
Genitive |
Vin |
Baptize |
Bubey |
|
|
Dative |
Vinam |
Crosses |
Boobyam |
|
|
Accusative |
Vini |
Baptize |
Booby |
|
|
Instrumental |
Wines |
crosses |
diamonds |
|
|
Prepositional |
Vinah |
Crosses |
Bubyakh |
Table 3. Declension of adjectives formed from the names of suits ( singular)
Suit
Nominative
Peak
Clubs
tambourine
Hearts
Chervonny
Genitive
Peak
Clubs
tambourine
Chervovoy
Chervonny
Dative
Peak
Clubs
tambourine
Chervovoi
Chervonny
Accusative
Peak
Clubs
tambourine
Chervovoy
Chervonny
Instrumental
Peak
Trefov
Bubnov
Chervov
Chervonny
Prepositional
Peak
Clubs
Bubnov
Chervovoe
Chervonny
Table 4. Declension of adjectives formed from the names of suits (plural)
Suit
Nominative
Peak
Clubs
Diamonds
hearts
red
Genitive
Peak
Clubs
tambourines
hearts
red
Dative
Peak
Trefov
Bubnov
hearts
red
Accusative
Peak
Clubs
Diamonds
hearts
red
Instrumental
Peak
Clubs
tambourines
hearts
red
Prepositional
Peak
Clubs
tambourines
hearts
red
In Russia, the outdated names of card suits were called: peaks - pichka, pikovsky, pikushka; clubs - trefushka, trefonka, trefonochka; tambourines - tambourine, tambourine, tambourine, tambourine; wormy - fats, fatty, fat. Colloquial forms: spades, clubs, spades, clubs. Conversational forms: peaks - guilt, blame; clubs - crosses, crosses, acorns; worms - worms, fats; tambourines - tambourines, tambourines, calls.
In Germany, the suits have the following meanings: spades - spades; clubs - clubs; hearts - hearts; tambourines - diamonds.
In Spain, card suits mean: spades - swords; clubs - coins; hearts - swords, tambourines - bowls.
In France, the names of the suits are similar to our names: spades - spades; clubs - shamrock; hearts - hearts; tambourines - tiles.
In Street View, you can see the sights and wonders of nature from around the world, as well as visit various museums, stadiums, restaurants, shops and other places of interest. To do this, switch to Street View on Google Maps, open the Street View Gallery, or use the Street View app on your mobile device .
Note. Street view mode available only in some regions.
Street View on Google Maps
There are several ways to switch to Street View:
- By opening Google Maps and entering a request for a place or address.
- By dragging the little man icon to the desired location on the map.
- By entering a query for a place or address in Google Search.
Historic street images
Do you want to know what this or that place looked like before? With Street View in updated Google Maps, you can see how city streets have changed over time.
Note. Archived images in Street View are only available for some locations.
Navigating in Street View
- To move forward or backward, hover over the desired location. It will take the form of an arrow oriented in the direction of movement.
- The "X" icon indicates the points to which you can move. To get to such a point, click on it.
- To look left or right, click and drag in the desired direction. You can also use the arrows next to the compass icon.
- To zoom in or out, scroll the mouse wheel (or swipe up or down with two fingers on the laptop touchpad). You can also use the buttons + and - , which are below the compass icon.
- To orient your view to north, click on the compass icon in the lower right corner.
- To go to another street, click on the blue highlighted area in the "Return to map" window (bottom left).
