Famous Russian writers and their works by Yesenin. Sergei Yesenin - biography and work of the poet. When is Sergei Yesenin's birthday? The last years of Yesenin's work
The creativity of Sergei Yesenin, uniquely bright and deep, is now firmly embedded in our literature and enjoys great success with a large reader. The poet's poems are full of heartfelt warmth and sincerity, passionate love for the boundless expanses of his native fields, the "inexhaustible sadness" of which he was able to convey so emotionally and so loudly.
Sergei Yesenin entered our literature as an outstanding lyricist. It is in the lyrics that everything that makes up the soul of Yesenin's creativity is expressed. It contains the full-blooded, sparkling joy of a young man rediscovering wonderful world, subtly feeling the fullness of earthly charm, and the deep tragedy of a person who has remained for too long in the "narrow gap" of old feelings and views. And, if in the best poems of Sergei Yesenin there is a "flood" of the most intimate, most intimate human feelings, they are filled to the brim with the freshness of pictures of native nature, then in his other works - despair, decay, hopeless sadness. Sergei Yesenin is, first of all, a singer of Russia, and in his poems, sincere and frank in Russian, we feel the beating of a restless tender heart. They have a "Russian spirit" in them, they have a "smell of Russia." They absorbed the great traditions of national poetry, the traditions of Pushkin, Nekrasov, Blok.
Even in Yesenin's love lyrics, the theme of love merges with the theme of the Motherland. The author of "Persian Motives" is convinced of the fragility of serene happiness far from his native land. AND the main character the cycle becomes distant Russia: "No matter how beautiful Shiraz is, it is no better than Ryazan's expanse." Yesenin greeted the October Revolution with joy and warm sympathy. Together with Blok, Mayakovsky, he sided with her without hesitation. The works written by Yesenin at that time ("Transfiguration", "Inonia", "Heavenly Drummer") are imbued with rebellious moods. The poet is captured by the storm of the revolution, its greatness and strives for a new, for the future. In one of his works Yesenin exclaimed: "My mother is my homeland, I am a Bolshevik!" But Yesenin, as he himself wrote, perceived the revolution in his own way, "with a peasant bias", "more spontaneously than consciously." This left a special imprint on the poet's work and largely predetermined his future path. The poet's ideas about the goal of the revolution, about the future, about socialism were characteristic. In the poem "Inonia", he portrays the future as a kind of idyllic kingdom of peasant prosperity, socialism seems to him a blissful "peasant's paradise".
Such ideas were reflected in other works of Yesenin of that time:
I see you, vicious fields,
With a herd of dun horses.
With a shepherd's pipe in the willows
Apostle Andrew wanders.
But the fantastic visions of the peasant Inonia, naturally, were not destined to come true. The revolution was led by the proletariat, the village was led by the city. "After all, this is absolutely not the socialism that I thought about," - says Yesenin in one of the letters of that time. Yesenin begins to curse the "iron guest" who brings death to the patriarchal rural way of life, and to mourn the old, leaving " wooden Russia"This explains the contradictory nature of Yesenin's poetry, who passed a difficult path from a singer of patriarchal, impoverished, disadvantaged Russia to a singer of socialist Russia, Leninist Russia. After Yesenin's trip abroad and to the Caucasus, a turning point occurs in the life and work of the poet and a new period is designated. his stronger and stronger love for his socialist fatherland and a different appreciation of everything that happens in it. "... I fell even more in love with communist construction," - Yesenin wrote upon his return to his homeland in the essay "Iron Mirgorod." "The love of a bully", written immediately upon arrival from abroad, the mood of loss and hopelessness is replaced by the hope of happiness, faith in love and the future. a clear idea of the new motives in Yesenin's lyrics:
A blue fire swept around
Forgotten birthplaces.
The first time I sang about love
For the first time, I renounce making a scandal.
I was all - like a neglected garden,
He was greedy for women and potions.
I didn't like to sing and dance
And lose your life without looking back.
Yesenin's work is one of the brightest, deeply moving pages in the history of Russian literature. The era of Yesenin has receded into the past, but his poetry continues to live, awakening a feeling of love for his native land, for everything close and different. We are worried about the sincerity and spirituality of the poet, for whom Russia was the most dear on the whole planet.
06/14/2019 at 13:05 · VeraSchegoleva · 5 050
10 most famous poems by Sergei Yesenin
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin is a famous Russian poet, one of the brightest representatives of the New Peasant lyrics.
His later work can be attributed to such a literary direction of the 20th century as imagism (the purpose of creativity is to create an image, for the poetry of this direction the use of metaphors, shocking and anarchic motives is characteristic).
The poet's life was bright, eventful, but short. During his creative career, he managed to write many works. In our article you can familiarize yourself with a list of 10 of Yesenin's most famous poems.
10. You are my Shagane, Shagane ...
Shagane you are mine, Shagane ...- the poem was written in 1924, during this period the author stayed in the Caucasus. Literary critics believe that admiration for Russian nature and sympathy for women are surprisingly intertwined in him.
For reference: schoolchildren get acquainted with this work in the 11th grade.
Many researchers of Yesenin's work assumed that the lyrical heroine of Shagane's poem is a fictional character. But it turned out that this is not so, V. Belousov managed to find a real woman named Shagane, with whom the poet communicated and dedicated a work to her.
Compositionally, the verse is a monologue-appeal to the lyric heroine. Moreover, the lyrical hero himself is as close as possible to the author of the work.
9. Sing now, sing. On the damn guitar ...
Poem Sing, sing. On the damn guitar ... the author wrote in 1922. 20s the last century was a crisis for the poet, he experienced considerable disappointment from the 1917 revolution.
His attitude from the events that have taken place is reflected in literary works, whose lyrical hero tries to forget himself.
“Sing, sing. On the damned guitar ... "is included in the collection" Moscow tavern ", after reading the text of the verse you can understand that his lyric hero suffers from love for the lady, admires her in the first lines, but then his mood changes dramatically, he uses curses towards the woman.
But later, the hero of the poem says that he does not hold any grudge against the one who could not bestow him with love.
8. Goy you, Russia, my dear ...
Popular work Goy you, Russia, my dear ... was written in 1914, published in the collection "Radunitsa". Its main theme is the transfer of love for Russian nature, admiration for the vastness of the native land.
For reference: at school, the poem is studied in grade 10.
The work is a detailed monologue of a lyrical hero, in which you can see a description of the life of the Russian people, the nature and vastness of Russia.
Interesting fact: Yesenin created this poem shortly after his move from his father's house to Moscow, in the capital he often yearned for his native land, he brought this sadness and sadness into his works, that is, as the researchers of his work say, he turned to village themes.
7. Dog Katchalov
Famous verse Dog Kachalov was written in 1925, it is believed that the author refers to Jim - the famous artist V.I.Kachalov, with whom the poet was friends.
Compositionally, the work can be divided into three parts:
- In the first, the lyrical hero is talking to the dog.
- In the second, he indulges in philosophical reflections.
- In the third, he remembers and talks about the woman he loves.
Interesting fact: Yesenin wrote this verse shortly before his death, many researchers of his work believed that during this period the author rethought his life, there were many losses, personal tragedies, the poet realized that popularity has not only positive aspects.
6. Son of a bitch
Work Son of a bitch was written in 1924. Many researchers of the poet's work suggest that it was dedicated to Anna Sardanovskaya, it was her that the poet became interested in when he was about 16 years old.
Also, literary scholars suggest that this poem is a kind of expression on paper of longing for the young, even young, gone forever years, the first pure love for a woman.
5. Letter to a woman
Poem Letter to a woman written in 1924, literary scholars call it one of the brightest examples of the poet's love lyrics.
For reference: schoolchildren study and analyze the work in literature lessons in the 9th grade.
The verse can be called a kind of repentance with which the lyrical hero addresses a woman, but in addition love relationship thoughts about the present and future of the homeland slip through the text.
Researchers of the poet's work have found that this work is addressed to a real woman, namely his ex-wife Zinaida, who, after a divorce from Yesenin, was able to remarry and be happy in marriage, her new husband was able to accept the poet's children as relatives.
4. Letter from mother
During the same period, he was strongly overwhelmed by the longing for his home, he could not go there for various reasons.
Yesenin was not at home for about 8 years, having gathered home, just before leaving, he wrote this verse.
The poet's mother was a simple peasant woman, and she did not understand the glory of her son, she wished him an ordinary life, was very worried about him, there are lines in the poem about this.
The poet, on the other hand, tries to convince his mother that he is, after all, such a brawler and a bully, as people say he is. At the end of the poem, the author expresses his hope for a happy meeting with his mother.
3. Dissuaded the golden grove ...
Work Dissuaded the golden grove ... was created in 1924, in it the author was able to show not only beautiful sketches of the autumn season, but also conveyed his reflections on the meaning of life, on the days lived.
Literary critics attribute the poem to landscape lyrics. When writing it, the poet actively used metaphors, epithets and comparisons.
Yesenin wrote a poem in the last years of his life, while in his native village.
2. I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry ...
Poem I do not regret, do not call, do not cry… came out of the poet's pen in 1921. In it, Yesenin reflects on the transience of a person's life, indulges in memories of his youth.
At the time of the creation of this work, the poet was only 26 years old, at this age few people think about the bygone youth.
The poem is written in the first person singular, its central character is the lyrical hero.
The researchers of the poet's work find the most interesting in this text the metaphorical image of youth, the author writes about it as a pink horse.
1. Yes! Now it's decided. No return ...
The author wrote a poem Yes! Now it's decided. No return ... in 1922. In the 20s. of the last century, Yesenin's work began to change greatly, he increasingly moved away from the image of the "rural poet".
He saw how the world around him became different, the place in it for his lyrical hero was less and less, poetry was not needed for people engaged in the collectivization of the economy.
It was during this period that he realized that he could no longer admire the nature of his native land, devastation reigned in the villages and.
Reckless life in the capital also did not attract the lyrical hero of the poet, the only reasonable way out of all this he saw death.
(estimates: 6
, the average: 4,17
out of 5)
Name: Yesenin Sergey Alexandrovich
Birthday: October 3, 1895
Place of Birth: Konstantinovo, Ryazan district, Ryazan province, Russian Empire
Date of death: December 28, 1925
A place of death: Leningrad, USSR
Biography of Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin
Everyone knows and loves Sergei Yesenin for his simplicity and rebelliousness. Many people know his work by heart, and some phrases have become winged. For his absolutely short life the writer left many good poems, so beloved by all of us.
Sergei Yesenin was born into the family of a simple peasant Alexander Nikitich Yesenin and Tatyana Fedorovna Titova. His mother was forced into marriage. Apparently due to the lack of love and understanding, the family soon fell apart. 
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When Sergei was 2 years old, his mother left, and her parents were engaged in upbringing. The family was wealthy enough. Also, he was raised by three uncles who were not married. Yesenin said that his three uncles were quite cheerful. They taught him to swim by simply throwing him into the water to the depths.
As the poet himself admitted in the future, it was grandmother's tales, stories and ditties that caused him to want to write poetry. In addition, every evening they read church books with their grandfather.
Sergei Yesenin began his education at the Konstantinovskaya zemstvo school, where he entered in 1904. He studied there for 5 years instead of the prescribed 4 because of his bad behavior. Parents dreamed that the boy would become teachers in a rural school, he was sent in 1909 to a parish school in the village of Spas-Klepiki, which was not far from Konstantinov. The boy himself wanted a completely different future for himself ...
After leaving school, Yesenin went to his father in Moscow, where he found a job for him. But the future writer left there and began to work in the printing house of I. Sytin as an assistant proofreader. It was there that he met and fell in love with Izryadnova Anna Romanovna. From their civil marriage the son of Yuri was born. As the woman herself later said, she saw Sergei for the last time before his death. He came to say goodbye to her, because he felt bad, he had to leave, and, as the poet said, he would probably die soon.
Yesenin published the first verse "Birch" in Moscow in the children's magazine "Mirok". He also joined the I. Surikov music and literary circle, in which there were many novice simple poets.
Sergei Yesenin left for Leningrad in 1915 and there he already met Blok, Klyuev, Goroetsky. In 1916, Yesenin's first collection, entitled "Radunitsa", was published.
In 1917, he first married Reich Zinaida Nikolaevna, they had two children - Kostya and Tanya. But after a year, the couple breaks up. The boy was born after Yesenin left. Once he was on the train and found out that Zinaida was traveling in another carriage with the children, but he had never seen Kostya. A friend with whom he was traveling persuaded him to go to his ex-wife. Yesenin agreed, but was not enthusiastic about this idea. When Reich showed the child, the poet only said that there are no dark Yesenins and left. Although, according to witnesses, he always carried photographs of his children with him.
In 1919, Yesenin wrote the first poems "Inonia" and "Mares' ships".
In 1920, the writer met Galina Benislavskaya, relations with whom lasted intermittently until 1925. When Yesenin finally broke off relations with her, for Galina it was a real tragedy. As a result, she shot herself at the grave of the writer, leaving a note in which she wrote that "in this grave for me everything is most precious ..."
In September 1921, Sergei met the famous dancer Isadora Duncan, and in the spring of 1922 they were getting married. It is with this woman that the poet travels the world. 
Relations with Duncan also went wrong and they soon part ways. After that, Yesenin marries Tolstaya Sofya Andreevna, the granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy, however, this marriage soon fell apart, just a couple of months later.
It is worth noting that Sergei Yesenin was officially married 3 times, but at the same time he had much more women. He had two married children and two illegitimate children.
Over time, depression began to consume the poet. He was increasingly condemned for brawls, hooliganism, accused of alcohol abuse. In November 1925, Sofya Tolstaya agreed and he was placed in a neuropsychiatric clinic in Moscow. Only a very narrow circle of people knew about this.
In December, Yesenin leaves the clinic and leaves for Leningrad, where he rents a room in the notorious Angleterre hotel. V the last days his life he met with famous literary figures.
On December 28, 1925, Sergei Yesenin was found hanged in a hotel room. On the table lay a suicide note with the verse "Goodbye, my friend, goodbye ..." As it became known, that day the writer complained that there was no ink in the room and he had to write in his own blood.
For a long time, only one version of the death of the great poet was put forward - suicide due to prolonged depression, and only many years later another version appeared - murder with a faked suicide.
Today Yesenin is loved for his special style of poetry, for beautiful poems about the homeland, nature, love. Sensuality, simplicity and love of life made Sergei Yesenin the idol of many.
Documentary
To your attention a documentary film, a biography of Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin.
Bibliography of Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin
Small poems
Song of Evpatiya Kolovrat
Martha Posadnitsa
Mikola
Rus
Mustache
Singing Call
Comrade
Father
Oktoih
Coming
Transformation
Jordan dove
Inonia
Heavenly drummer
Pantokrator
Mare ships
Sorokoust
Hooligan's confession
Homecoming
Soviet Russia
Homeless Russia
Leaving Russia
In the Caucasus
To the poets of Georgia
Ballad of Twenty-Six
Letter to a woman
Letter from mother
Answer
Stanzas
Letter to grandfather
Lenin
Blizzard
Spring
Letter to sister
My way
The tale of Petya the shepherd boy
Poems
The Legend of Evpatiy Kolovrat
Pugachev
Anna Snegina
Song of the great march
Poem about 36
The country of villains
Black man
Fictional prose
Bobyl and Druzhok
Iron Mirgorod
By the white water
Yar
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin (1895-1925) is an outstanding Russian poet. According to literary scholars, in the early period of creativity - a representative of the new peasant poetry, later - an imagist. But these definitions are nothing more than clichés and do not reflect the true essence of his gift. For understanding, for the complete acceptance of Yesenin, one must also love the native land and all living things on it, as he did. The poet carried two characteristic features of the people throughout his short life: a very serious attitude towards himself, towards his work and mercy towards his neighbors. Poems and poems are read by Denis Semenov. The audio performance "Theater of Musical Drama" "Emelyan Pugachev", staged based on the poem "Pugachev" by Sergei Yesenin, resurrects one of the most dramatic eras Russian history ... Listen to these expressive lines, imbued with love and compassion for the oppressed people - and immerse yourself with the author and actors inspired by his poetry into the atmosphere of the greatest popular uprising of the 18th century. Screenplay and production by Denis Semenov. Roles are performed by: Pugachev - Denis Semenov Kirpichnikov - Alexander Bychkov Karavaev - Stanislav Fedorchuk Zarubin - Alexey Gromov Khlopusha - Alexey Andreev Tvorogov - Alexey Rossoshansky ... theater actors and the Cossack folk song "Black Raven, you are my stranger friend ..." in Spanish. Alexei Rossoshansky. "Pugachev's Theme" - music and arrangement by Denis Semenov. Artistic director Denis Semenov. Recorded in 2010. Russia. “It's already evening. Dew ... "" Where there are cabbage beds ... "" Winter sings - echoes ... "Imitation of the song. "The crimson light of dawn was woven on the lake ..." "The flood licked the silt with smoke ..." "Under the wreath of forest chamomile ..." "Tanyusha was good, it was not more beautiful in the village ..." "The night is dark, I can't sleep ..." "Mother went to the Swimsuit in the forest ..." , the cat is sleeping on the bar ... "Birch. Powder. Easter evangelism. Good morning! Mother's prayer. Coachman. "Trinity morning, morning canon ..." "Beloved land! My heart is dreaming ... "" I will go in a skufie as a humble monk ... "" The Lord went to torture people in love ... "In the hut. “Along the village with a crooked path ...” “Goy you, my dear Rus ...” “I am a shepherd; my chambers ... "" My side, side ... "" The melted clay is drying ... "" The pilgrims are walking along the road ... "" You are my abandoned land ... "" Black, then smelling like howling ... " Bird cherry. "Weave a wreath for you alone ..." Evening. "On the wattle fence there are bagels ..." "On a heavenly blue dish ..." "In the land where the yellow nettles ..." "I am here again, in my own family ..." "Do not wander, do not wrinkle in the crimson bushes ..." Cow. Song of the dog. Herd. "The weight and the field, and the crowing of the roosters ..." The missing month. "Behind a dark strand of forest trees ..." Autumn. "Hides the month behind the barns ..." "Over the mountains, behind the yellow valleys ..." "The lights are burning across the river ..." Grandfather. "A white scroll and a scarlet sash ..." "The mountain ash turned red, the water turned blue ..." "Clouds from the foal ..." Fox. Singing call. Comrade. "Oh Rus, flap your wings ..." "Wake me up early tomorrow ..." "The fields are squeezed, the groves are bare ..." "About arable land, arable land, arable land ..." "Oh, I believe, I believe there is happiness! .." ... "" Open to me, the transcendental guardian ... "" Here it is, stupid happiness ... "" I will look in the field, I will look into the sky ... "Transfiguration. Jordanian dove. Heavenly drummer. "Green hairstyle ..." "I left my home ..." "Well, under the autumn freshness ..." "Golden foliage began to spin ..." Cantata. Mare ships. Hooligan. Sorokoust. Confession of a bully. Wolf's death. “I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry ....” “Do not swear. Such a thing! .. "" All living things are celebrated with a special meta from the earliest times ... "" Yes! It has now been decided. Without a return ... "" I will not deceive myself ... "" I have only one fun left ... "" A blue fire swept around ... "" You are so simple as everyone else ... " Poem about 36 Homecoming. Soviet Russia. Leaving Russia. Lenin. A letter to a woman. Letter from mother. Answer. Letter to grandfather. Letter to mother. Pushkin. “The golden grove dissuaded me…” “I asked the money changer today…” “You are mine, Shagane, Shagane! ..” “Being a poet means the same…” “There are such doors in Khorossan…” Captain of the land. The tale of Pete the shepherd boy, his commissioner and the cow kingdom. A letter to my sister. My way. Black man. "Dawn calls to another ..." "Untold, blue, gentle ..." To Katchalov's dog. "Well, kiss me, kiss ..." On the back of the cap ... "" A month above the window. The wind is under the window ... "" Life is a deception with enchanting melancholy ... "To Sister Shura. “Oh, you sleigh! And horses, horses! .. "" Do you hear - the sleigh is racing ... "" You are my fallen maple, icy maple ... "" What a night! I can not. I can't sleep ... "" You don't love me, you don't regret ... "" Maybe it's too late, maybe too early ... "" Goodbye, my friend, goodbye ... "Anna Snegina (poem). Emelyan Pugachev... Further
Golden curls reminiscent of ripening spikelets ... A benevolent and enthusiastic face with blue eyes that radiate light and warmth ... Constant thirst for activity, striving forward ... Unlimited love for the native land and everything connected with it ... A short, but incredibly bright creative life ... Such thoughts come to mind at the mention of the poet with the brightest name - Sergei Yesenin. His works are well known to every Russian person, including those who, in principle, have little interest in poetry.
Towards creativity
His homeland is Konstantinovo, a small village in the Ryazan region. The pristine Russian nature and its indescribable beauty forever entered the heart of the boy, captivated by its greatness, early awakened in him a penchant for poetry. By the age of eighteen, the young poet already had a notebook containing his first works. Yesenin, who sent them to St. Petersburg and was confident in their early recognition, was very surprised that they never got into the capital's magazines. Then he decides to personally go towards glory. And the memories of his home will warm his soul all his life and inspire him to new creative searches.
First collections
In St. Petersburg, the young man was greeted cordially. "Goy you, my dear Rus ..." - this and other works of Yesenin impressed Blok, Gorodetsky, and later Klyuev. His poems brought joy, sounded sincere and unique. The real fame is brought by the first collections, which are published one after another: "Radunitsa", "Dove", "Rural Hourly Book", "Transfiguration". They are mainly composed of Yesenin's works about nature: "Bird cherry", "A month with a horn butts a cloud", "The fields are squeezed ...", "I left my dear home ..." and many others. The reader is presented with a special world in which nature is humanized and becomes the main character. Everything here is harmonious, colorful, picturesque and without the falsity peculiar to people.
Young Yesenin treats animals with trepidation and tenderness, which is most clearly manifested in the "Song of the Dog", tragically experiencing the death of just born puppies.
Unusual metaphors, epithets, comparisons caused surprise and general delight: “the darkness swam out… like a swan”, “they knit lace… clouds” and, of course, the well-known “Rus - a crimson field”.
After the revolution
At first, the poet was delighted with the changes taking place in the country. He associated with the revolution "transformation", which should go for the benefit of the people. In this period, Yesenin's works appear: "The Jordanian Dove", "The Heavenly Drummer" and others. everyday life "- and troubles in his personal life. These sentiments were most fully reflected in the collections of the early 1920s "Confession of a Hooligan" and "Moscow Tavern". And the attitude towards him is becoming contradictory: for some he is still a singer of blue Russia, for others he is a brawler and rowdy. The same contrast can be seen in the poems of the 21-24 years, including “The blue fire swept around”, “I am the last poet of the village”, “I don’t regret it, I don’t call ...”, “Darling, let’s sit next to you” ...
"Fun" is perhaps the most famous work Yesenin from the cycle about Moscow, conveying the thoughts and feelings of the poet. In it, he seems to sum up the life he has lived, shares his innermost with the reader.
And soon there was an acquaintance with A. Duncan and a European journey. Being far from his homeland, Sergei Alexandrovich took a fresh look at his country. Now he was full of hope and dreamed of serving the Motherland and the people. It was after the return that the poems "Dissuaded the grove ..." appear, in which autumn is associated with human life, the incredibly warm and tender "Letter to Mother".
Trip to the Caucasus
Speaking about Yesenin, one cannot but recall his "Persian motives". They were inspired by a trip to the Caucasus, where Sergei Aleksandrovich felt most keenly how dear his native places were. He expressed his feelings by contrasting the distant Persian nature to the Russian expanses - the dream of visiting this country never came true. The poems of the cycle resemble a picturesque canvas, complemented by live sounds. But love lyrics, including the most famous work of Yesenin from this cycle, "Shagane", became a real poetic masterpiece. addressed to a distant Persian woman, to whom the author told his innermost thoughts about his native Ryazan land, about the girl who remained there.
"Goodbye, my friend ..."
These words begin a poem written by the poet before his death. It looks more like an epitaph that the poet addressed to himself. Frank, born of prolonged mental anguish, this poem is, in fact, Yesenin's farewell to life and people.
