Sergei Yesenin famous works. What did Sergei Yesenin write? Peasant Russia in the works of the poet
The creativity of Sergei Yesenin, uniquely bright and deep, is now firmly included in our literature and enjoys great success with a large reader. The poet's poems are full of heartfelt warmth and sincerity, passionate love for the boundless expanses of his native fields, the "inexhaustible sadness" of which he was able to convey so emotionally and so loudly.
Sergei Yesenin entered our literature as an outstanding lyricist. It is in the lyrics that everything that makes up the soul of Yesenin's creativity is expressed. It contains the full-blooded, sparkling joy of a young man rediscovering wonderful world, subtly feeling the fullness of earthly charm, and the deep tragedy of a person who has remained for too long in the "narrow gap" of old feelings and views. And, if in the best poems of Sergei Yesenin there is a "flood" of the most intimate, most intimate human feelings, they are filled to the brim with the freshness of pictures of native nature, then in his other works - despair, decay, hopeless sadness. Sergei Yesenin is, first of all, a singer of Russia, and in his poems, sincere and frank in Russian, we feel the beating of a restless tender heart. They have a "Russian spirit" in them, they have a "smell of Russia." They absorbed the great traditions of national poetry, the traditions of Pushkin, Nekrasov, Blok.
Even in Yesenin's love lyrics, the theme of love merges with the theme of the Motherland. The author of "Persian Motives" is convinced of the fragility of serene happiness far from his native land. AND the main character the cycle becomes distant Russia: "No matter how beautiful Shiraz is, it is no better than Ryazan's expanse." Yesenin greeted the October Revolution with joy and warm sympathy. Together with Blok, Mayakovsky, he sided with her without hesitation. The works written by Yesenin at that time ("Transfiguration", "Inonia", "Heavenly Drummer") are imbued with rebellious moods. The poet is captured by the storm of the revolution, its greatness and strives for a new, for the future. In one of his works Yesenin exclaimed: "My mother is my homeland, I am a Bolshevik!" But Yesenin, as he himself wrote, perceived the revolution in his own way, "with a peasant bias", "more spontaneously than consciously." This left a special imprint on the poet's work and largely predetermined his future path. The poet's ideas about the goal of the revolution, about the future, about socialism were characteristic. In the poem "Inonia", he portrays the future as a kind of idyllic kingdom of peasant prosperity, socialism seems to him a blissful "peasant's paradise".
Such ideas were also reflected in other works of Yesenin of that time:
I see you, vicious fields,
With a herd of dun horses.
With a shepherd's pipe in the willows
Apostle Andrew wanders.
But the fantastic visions of the peasant Inonia, naturally, were not destined to come true. The revolution was led by the proletariat, the village was led by the city. "After all, this is absolutely not the socialism that I thought about," - says Yesenin in one of the letters of that time. Yesenin begins to curse the "iron guest" who brings death to the patriarchal village way of life, and to mourn the old one that is leaving " wooden Russia"This explains the contradictory nature of Yesenin's poetry, who passed a difficult path from a singer of patriarchal, impoverished, disadvantaged Russia to a singer of socialist Russia, Leninist Russia. After Yesenin's trip abroad and to the Caucasus, a turning point occurs in the life and work of the poet and a new period is designated. his stronger and stronger love for his socialist fatherland and a different appreciation of everything that happens in it. "... I fell even more in love with communist construction," - Yesenin wrote upon his return to his homeland in the essay "Iron Mirgorod." "The love of a bully", written immediately upon arrival from abroad, the mood of loss and hopelessness is replaced by the hope of happiness, faith in love and the future. a clear idea of the new motives in Yesenin's lyrics:
A blue fire swept around
Forgotten birthplaces.
The first time I sang about love
For the first time, I renounce making a scandal.
I was all - like a neglected garden,
He was greedy for women and potions.
I didn't like to sing and dance
And lose your life without looking back.
Yesenin's work is one of the brightest, deeply moving pages in the history of Russian literature. Yesenin's era has receded into the past, but his poetry continues to live, awakening a feeling of love for his native land, for everything close and different. We are worried about the sincerity and spirituality of the poet, for whom Russia was the most dear on the entire planet.
Sergey Yesenin. The name of the great Russian poet - a connoisseur of the folk soul, a singer of peasant Russia, is familiar to every person, poems have long become Russian classics, and admirers of his work gather on Sergei Yesenin's birthday.
Oh you sleigh! What a sleigh!
Ringing of frozen aspens.
My father is a peasant
Well, I am a peasant son.
Sergei Yesenin: biography of the Russian poet
Ryazan Oblast. In 1895, the poet was born, whose works are still admired by fans of his work today. October 3 is the birthday of Sergei Yesenin. From childhood, the boy was raised by a prosperous and enterprising maternal grandfather, a great connoisseur of church literature. Therefore, among the child's first impressions are spiritual poems sung by the wandering blind people, and the tales of his beloved grandmother, which prompted the future poet to his own work, which started at the age of 9.
Sergei graduated from the 4th grade of the local zemstvo school, although he studied for 5 years: due to unsatisfactory behavior, he was left for the 2nd year. He continued to acquire knowledge at the Spas-Klepikovskaya parish school, which trained rural teachers.
The capital of Russian cities: the beginning of a new life
At the age of 17 he left for Moscow, got a job in a butcher's shop, where his father served as a salesman. After a conflict with his parent, he changed jobs: he moved to book publishing, and then to a printing house as a proofreader. There he met Anna Izryadnova, who gave birth to his 19-year-old son Yuri in December 1914, who was shot in 1937 on a false sentence about an attempt on Stalin's life.
During his stay in the capital, the poet took part in the literary and musical circle. Surikov, joined the rebellious workers, for which he received the attention of the police. In 1912, as an auditor, he began to attend classes at A. Shanyavsky's People's University in Moscow. There Yesenin received the basics of a liberal arts education, listening to lectures on Western European and Russian literature. Many admirers of his work know the birthday of Sergei Yesenin - October 3, 1895. His works have been translated into many languages, are included in the mandatory school curriculum... To this day, many are interested in what kind of relationship the poet built with the fair sex, did the women love Sergei Yesenin, did he reciprocate? What (or who) inspired him to create; create in such a way that after a century his poems are relevant, interesting, loved.
The life and work of Sergei Yesenin
The first publication took place in 1914 in the capital's magazines, and the beginning of a successful debut was the poem "Birch". Literally in a century, the birthday of Sergei Yesenin will be known to almost every schoolchild, but for now the poet has stepped on his thorny road leading to fame and recognition.
In Petrograd, where Sergei moved in the spring of 1915, believing that the entire literary life is concentrated in this city, he read his works to Blok, whom he personally came to get acquainted with. The warm welcome of the famous poet's entourage and their approval of the poems inspired the messenger of the Russian village and endless fields for further work.
Recognized, published, read
The talent of Sergei Yesenin was recognized by Gorodetsky S.M., Remizov A.M., Gumilev N.S., acquaintance with which the young man was obliged to Blok. Almost all the poems brought were published, and Sergei Yesenin, whose biography to this day is of interest to fans of the poet's work, became widely known. In joint poetic performances with Klyuev in front of the public, stylized in a folk, peasant manner, the young golden-haired poet appeared in morocco boots and an embroidered shirt. He became close to the society of "new peasant poets" and was himself fond of this direction. The key theme of Yesenin's poetry was Peasant Rus, the love for which pervades all of his works.
In 1916 he was drafted into the army, but thanks to the anxiety and troubles of his friends, he was appointed as an orderly on the military hospital train of Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, which allowed the poet to visit literary salons, perform at concerts, and attend receptions with patrons of art without hindrance.
Peasant Russia in the works of the poet
He accepted the October Revolution in his own way with joy and with enthusiasm wrote a number of small poems "The Heavenly Drummer", "Inonia", "The Jordanian Dove", imbued with a presentiment of future changes; the life and work of Sergei Yesenin were at the beginning of a new, still unknown path - the path of fame and recognition.
In 1916, Yesenin's debut book "Radunitsa" was published, enthusiastically met by critics who discovered in it a fresh direction, the author's natural taste and his youthful spontaneity. Further, from 1914 to 1917, "Dove", "Rus", "Marfa Posadnitsa", "Mikola" were published, marked by some special, Yesenin style with the humanization of animals, plants, natural phenomena, forming together with man rooted in nature, a holistic, harmonious and wonderful world. The pictures of Yesenin Russia - reverent, evoking an almost religious feeling in the poet, are colored by a subtle understanding of nature with a burning stove, a dog's cage, unmown hayfields, swamp swamps, snoring of the herd and the hubbub of mowers.
Second marriage of Sergei Yesenin
In 1917, the poet married Nikolayevna, from whose marriage the children of Sergei Yesenin were born: son Konstantin and daughter Tatyana.
At this time, real popularity comes to Yesenin, the poet becomes in demand, he is invited to various In 1918 - 1921 he traveled a lot around the country: Crimea, the Caucasus, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Turkestan, Bessarabia. He worked on the dramatic poem "Pugachev", in the spring he traveled to the Orenburg steppes.
In 1918-1920, the poet became close to A.B. Mariengof, V.G. Shershenevich, and became interested in imagism - a post-revolutionary literary and artistic movement, which was based on futurism, which claimed to build a "art of the future", completely new, denying all the previous artistic experience. Yesenin became a frequent visitor to the literary cafe "Stable Pegasus", which is in Moscow at the Nikitsky Gate. The poet, who was striving to know the "commune reared Rus", only partially shared the aspiration of the newly created direction, the purpose of which was to cleanse the form from the "dust of content." He also continued to perceive himself as a poet of “Departing Russia”. In his poems there appeared motives of life, "torn apart by the storm", drunken prowess, which is replaced by anguish melancholy. The poet appears as a brawler, a hooligan, a drunkard with a bloody soul, wandering from a brothel to a brothel, where he is surrounded by "a stranger and laughing rabble" (collections "Moscow tavern", "Confessions of a hooligan" and "Poems of a brawler").
In 1920, a three-year marriage with Z. Reich broke up. The children of Sergei Yesenin each went their own way: Konstantin became a famous football statistician, and Tatyana became the director of her father's museum and a Member of the Writers' Union.
Isadora Duncan and Sergey Yesenin
In 1921, Yesenin met the dancer Isadora Duncan. She did not speak Russian, the poet, who read a lot and was highly educated, did not know foreign languages, but from the first meeting, when looking at the dance of this woman Sergei Yesenin irreversibly reached for her. The couple, in which Isadora was 18 years older, was not stopped by the age difference. She most often called her beloved "angel", and he called her "Isidora". Isadora's immediacy, her fiery dances drove Yesenin crazy. She perceived him as a weak and unprotected child, treated Sergei with trembling tenderness and even learned a dozen Russian words over time. In Russia, Isadora's career did not work out, because the Soviet authorities did not provide the field of activity that she hoped for. The spouses registered the marriage and took the common surname of Duncan-Yesenin.
After the wedding, Yesenin and his wife traveled a lot across Europe, visited France, Germany, Canada, Italy, Belgium, and the USA. Duncan tried in every possible way to create a PR for her husband: she organized translations of his poems and their publication, arranged poetry evenings, but abroad he was recognized exclusively as an addition to a famous dancer. The poet yearned, felt unclaimed, unnecessary, he became depressed. Yesenin began to drink, there were frequent heartbreaking quarrels between the spouses with departures and subsequent reconciliations. Over time, Yesenin's attitude towards his wife, in whom he no longer saw an ideal, but an ordinary aging woman, changed. He still got drunk, occasionally beat Isadora, complained to friends that she was stuck to him and did not come off. The couple broke up in 1923, Yesenin returned to Moscow.
The last years of Yesenin's work
In his further work, the poet very critically denounces the Soviet regime ("The Country of Scoundrels", 1925). After that, the persecution of the poet begins, accusing him of fights and drunkenness. The last two years of his life were spent in regular travel; Sergei Yesenin is a Russian poet, hiding from judicial persecution, making a trip to the Caucasus three times, going to Leningrad and constantly visiting Konstantinovo, never breaking contact with him.
During this period, the works "Poem about 26", "Persian motives", "Anna Snegina", "Dissuaded the golden grove" were published. In poetry, the main place is still occupied by the theme of the homeland, which is now acquiring shades of drama. This period of lyrics is increasingly marked by autumn landscapes, motives for drawing conclusions and saying goodbye.
Goodbye my friend, goodbye ...
In the fall of 1925, a poet trying to start over family life, married Sophia Andreevna - the granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy. But this union was not happy. The life of Sergei Yesenin was going downhill: alcohol dependence, depression, pressure from the ruling circles caused his wife to put the poet in a neuropsychiatric hospital. Only a narrow circle of people knew about this, but there were well-wishers who contributed to the establishment of round-the-clock monitoring of the clinic. The Chekists began to demand from P.B. Gannushkin, a professor of this clinic, to extradite Yesenin. The latter refused, and Yesenin, having waited a convenient moment, interrupted the course of treatment and, in a crowd of visitors, left the neuropsychiatric institution and went to Leningrad.
On December 14, I finished work on the poem "The Black Man", on which I spent 2 years. The work was published after the death of the poet. On December 27, from the pen of Sergei Yesenin, his final work "Goodbye, my friend, goodbye" was published. The life and work of Sergei Yesenin was coming to an end, terrible and incomprehensible. The Russian poet died, whose body was found hanged in the Angleterre hotel on the night of December 28, 1925.
On the birthday of Sergei Yesenin, they gather to honor his memory in all corners of Russia, but the most large-scale events are held in his native Konstantinov, where thousands of admirers of the poet's work come from all over the world.
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin (1895-1925) is an outstanding Russian poet. According to literary scholars, in the early period of creativity - a representative of the new peasant poetry, later - an imagist. But these definitions are nothing more than clichés and do not reflect the true essence of his gift. For understanding, for the complete acceptance of Yesenin, one must also love the native land and all living things on it, as he did. The poet carried two characteristic features of the people throughout his short life: a very serious attitude towards himself, towards his work and mercy towards his neighbors. Poems and poems are read by Denis Semenov. The audio performance "Theater of Musical Drama" "Emelyan Pugachev", staged based on the poem "Pugachev" by Sergei Yesenin, resurrects one of the most dramatic eras Russian history ... Listen to these expressive lines, imbued with love and compassion for the oppressed people - and immerse yourself with the author and actors inspired by his poetry into the atmosphere of the greatest popular uprising of the 18th century. Screenplay and production by Denis Semenov. Roles are performed by: Pugachev - Denis Semenov Kirpichnikov - Alexander Bychkov Karavaev - Stanislav Fedorchuk Zarubin - Alexey Gromov Khlopusha - Alexey Andreev Tvorogov - Alexey Rossoshansky ... theater actors and the Cossack folk song "Black Raven, you are my stranger friend ..." in Spanish. Alexei Rossoshansky. "Pugachev's Theme" - music and arrangement by Denis Semenov. Artistic director Denis Semenov. Recorded in 2010. Russia. “It's already evening. Dew ... "" Where there are cabbage beds ... "" Winter sings - echoes ... "Imitation of the song. "The crimson light of dawn was woven on the lake ..." "Under the wreath of forest chamomile ..." "Tanyusha was good, it was not more beautiful in the village ..." "The night is dark, I can't sleep ..." "Mother went to the Swimsuit in the forest ..." , the cat is sleeping on the bar ... "Birch. Powder. Easter evangelism. Good morning! Mother's prayer. Coachman. "Trinity morning, morning canon ..." "Beloved land! The heart is dreaming ... "" I will go to the skufie as a humble monk ... "" The Lord was walking to torture people in love ... "In the hut. “Along the village with a crooked path ...” “Goy you, my dear Rus ...” “I am a shepherd; my chambers ... "" My side, side ... "" The melted clay is drying ... "" The pilgrims are walking along the road ... "" You are my abandoned land ... "" Black, then smelling like howling ... " Bird cherry. "Weave a wreath for you alone ..." Evening. "There are bagels hanging on the wattle fence ..." "On a heavenly blue dish ..." "In the land where the yellow nettles ..." "I am here again, in my own family ..." "Do not wander, do not wrinkle in the crimson bushes ..." Cow. Song of the dog. Herd. "The weight and the field, and the crowing of the roosters ..." The missing month. "Behind a dark strand of forest trees ..." Autumn. "Hides the month behind the barns ..." "Over the mountains, behind the yellow valleys ..." "The lights are burning across the river ..." Grandfather. "A white scroll and a scarlet sash ..." "The mountain ash turned red, the water turned blue ..." "Clouds from the foal ..." Fox. Singing call. Comrade. "Oh Russia, flap your wings ..." "Wake me up early tomorrow ..." "The fields are squeezed, the groves are bare ..." "About arable land, arable land, arable land ..." "Oh, I believe, there is happiness! .." ... "" Open to me, the transcendental guardian ... "" Here it is, stupid happiness ... "" I will look in the field, I will look into the sky ... "Transfiguration. Jordanian dove. Heavenly drummer. "Green hairstyle ..." "I left my dear home ..." "Well, under the autumn freshness ..." "Golden foliage swirled ..." Cantata. Mare ships. Hooligan. Sorokoust. Confession of a bully. Wolf's death. “I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry ....” “Do not swear. Such a thing! .. "" All living things are celebrated with a special meta from the earliest times ... "" Yes! It has now been decided. Without a return ... "" I will not deceive myself ... "" I have only one fun left ... "" A blue fire swept around ... "" You are so simple as everyone else ... " Poem about 36 Homecoming. Soviet Russia. Leaving Russia. Lenin. A letter to a woman. Letter from mother. Answer. Letter to grandfather. Letter to mother. Pushkin. “The golden grove dissuaded me…” “I asked the money changer today…” “You are mine, Shagane, Shagane! ..” “Being a poet means the same…” “There are such doors in Khorossan…” Captain of the land. The tale of Pete the shepherd boy, his commissioner and the cow kingdom. A letter to my sister. My way. Black man. "Dawn calls to another ..." "Untold, blue, gentle ..." To Katchalov's dog. "Well, kiss me, kiss ..." On the back of the cap ... "" A month above the window. The wind is under the window ... "" Life is a deception with enchanting melancholy ... "To Sister Shura. “Oh, you sleigh! And horses, horses! .. "" Do you hear - the sleigh is racing ... "" You are my fallen maple, icy maple ... "" What a night! I can not. I can't sleep… ”“ You don’t love me, you don’t regret… ”“ Maybe late, maybe too early… ”“ Goodbye, my friend, goodbye… ”Anna Snegina (poem). Emelyan Pugachev... Further
Golden curls reminiscent of ripening spikelets ... A benevolent and enthusiastic face with blue eyes that radiate light and warmth ... Constant thirst for activity, striving forward ... Unlimited love for the native land and everything connected with it ... A short but incredibly bright creative life ... Such thoughts come to mind at the mention of the poet with the brightest name - Sergei Yesenin. His works are well known to every Russian person, including those who, in principle, have little interest in poetry.
Towards creativity
His homeland is Konstantinovo, a small village in the Ryazan region. The pristine Russian nature and its indescribable beauty forever entered the heart of the boy, captivated by its greatness, early awakened in him a penchant for poetry. By the age of eighteen, the young poet already had a notebook containing his first works. Yesenin, who sent them to St. Petersburg and was confident in their early recognition, was very surprised that they never got into the capital's magazines. Then he decides to personally go towards glory. And the memories of his home will warm his soul all his life and inspire him to new creative searches.
First collections
In St. Petersburg, the young man was greeted cordially. "Goy you, my dear Rus ..." - this and other works of Yesenin impressed Blok, Gorodetsky, and later Klyuev. His poems brought joy, sounded sincere and unique. The real fame is brought by the first collections, which are published one after another: "Radunitsa", "Dove", "Rural Hours", "Transfiguration". They are mainly composed of Yesenin's works about nature: "Bird cherry", "A month with a horn butts a cloud", "The fields are squeezed ...", "I left my home ..." and many others. The reader is presented with a special world in which nature is humanized and becomes the main character. Everything here is harmonious, colorful, picturesque and without the falsity peculiar to people.
Young Yesenin treats animals with trepidation and tenderness, which is most clearly manifested in the "Song of the Dog", tragically experiencing the death of just born puppies.
Unusual metaphors, epithets, comparisons caused surprise and general admiration: "the darkness swam out ... like a swan", "they knit lace ... clouds" and, of course, the well-known "Rus - a crimson field".
After the revolution
At first, the poet was delighted with the changes taking place in the country. He associated with the revolution "transformations", which should go for the benefit of the people. In this period, Yesenin's works appear: "The Jordanian Dove", "Heavenly Drummer" and others. everyday life "- and troubles in his personal life. These sentiments were most fully reflected in the collections of the early 1920s "Confession of a Hooligan" and "Moscow Tavern". And the attitude towards him is becoming contradictory: for some he is still a singer of blue Russia, for others he is a brawler and rowdy. The same contrast can be seen in the poems of the 21-24 years, including “The blue fire swept around”, “I am the last poet of the village”, “I don’t regret it, I don’t call ...”, “Darling, let’s sit next to you” ...
"Fun" is perhaps the most famous work of Yesenin from the cycle about Moscow, conveying the thoughts and feelings of the poet. In it, he seems to sum up the life he has lived, shares his innermost with the reader.
And soon there was an acquaintance with A. Duncan and a European journey. Being far from his homeland, Sergei Alexandrovich took a fresh look at his country. Now he was full of hope and dreamed of serving the Motherland and the people. It was after the return that the poems "Dissuaded the grove ..." appear, in which autumn is associated with human life, the incredibly warm and tender "Letter to Mother".
Trip to the Caucasus
Speaking about Yesenin, one cannot but recall his "Persian motives". They were inspired by a trip to the Caucasus, where Sergei Aleksandrovich felt most keenly how dear his native places were. He expressed his feelings by contrasting the distant Persian nature to the Russian expanses - the dream of visiting this country never came true. The poems of the cycle resemble a picturesque canvas, complemented by live sounds. But love lyrics, including the most famous work of Yesenin from this cycle, "Shagane", became a real poetic masterpiece. addressed to a distant Persian woman, to whom the author told his innermost thoughts about his native Ryazan land, about the girl who remained there.
"Goodbye, my friend ..."
These words begin a poem written by the poet before his death. It looks more like an epitaph that the poet addressed to himself. Frank, born of prolonged mental anguish, this poem is, in fact, Yesenin's farewell to life and people.
