Distilled water equipment. Distilled water apparatus. Method for producing distilled water using heat
The post was changed:
Prospects for the production of distilled water
From my own experience, I know very well how difficult it is to find a suitable business idea to implement it in reality. And once you have found it, it is difficult to move from dreams to action, to take the first step. On this score, I want to tell you a few words. Usually, the most effective ideas that actually make a profit have long been well known to everyone. You can find most of them on this blog. And it is precisely because of their simplicity and fame that they seem banal. Take advice, try with the simplest, with business ideas that do not require investment. And when you get a taste of it, believe me, you will no longer be stopped.
I have already written many times that money can be made from literally everything: from garbage - construction, household, unnecessary car tires, or old household appliances; on worms; etc. Today I will tell you how to make money out of the water. All readers know for sure what distilled water is. But hardly anyone really wondered how profitable the production of distilled water in our country is. Let's fill this gap, and who knows, maybe after today's publication, which of you will "find" yourself in this topic.
Business brief analysis:
Business setup costs:250,000 - 800,000 rubles
Relevant for cities with population: from 30,000
Industry situation:the market for product offers is not saturated
Complexity of business organization: 2/5
Payback: from 6 months
Water is a raw material available to everyone. Where it is used, I think, there is no need to tell. One of the most affordable ways to make money on water is the production of bottled water. What could be easier? He poured water into bottles, came up with an attractive name, a colorful label, created a corresponding "legend", and rowed the money with a shovel (well, or with a small scoop, whoever has enough skill). The next most accessible method, just the one that we will consider today.
What is distilled water anyway?
In any water: rain, lake, tap water, etc. contains a huge variety of different trace elements, impurities, and even living organisms. The health and even life of a person, and some aspects of successful production depend on the quality of water, its purification. Distilled water is highly purified water.
This is interesting: there is an opinion that it is harmful to drink distilled water, since it destroys cellular bonds, flushes useful microelements from the body. Many people call this water "dead". Whether this is so, I have not found an unequivocal answer on the Internet and other sources. Maybe you can do it?
Where is distilled water used?
Despite the rather weighty prejudices against distilled water, it finds very wide application in various aspects of human activity:
- In medicine. Various solutions and preparations for injections are diluted with distilled water.
- In the automotive industry. Here distilled water has found the widest application - for diluting acid in batteries, in the manufacture of antifreeze, in the production of windshield washer fluid.
- At home - as a descaling liquid in irons and kettles, for filling home aquariums, watering indoor plants, when preparing various dishes, etc.
By the way, based on the spheres of application of distilled water, we can safely conclude that its need in the future will only increase, along with the growth and development of the industries of its application. Meanwhile, the number of producers of such water in the country today is not able to meet the volume of demand even by half. Price necessary equipment not high, the number of people serving the distilled water production line is 1-2 people, raw materials are absolutely free, and the trade margin for the product itself is several times higher than the cost price. There is something to think about, right?
How distilled water is obtained
There are several known technologies for producing such water, but the most popular because of their simplicity and low cost are only two methods: reverse osmosis and repeated boiling to obtain purified condensate. Let's take a closer look at each of the methods.
Reverse osmosis technology
Generally osmosis (the word is translated from Greek as “ pressure") In chemistry is called the production of a concentrated substance by passing through a partially permeable membrane. Accordingly, reverse osmosis is the same process, only used to obtain the lowest concentration of a substance passed through the membrane (in our case, water). To put it quite simply, the osmosis method consists in the fact that the water passed through several different filters at the outlet becomes distilled, i.e. purified from all impurities. I think that everything is more clearly reflected in the illustration.
The advantages of this method are its low energy consumption. There are much more cons:
- Low performance
- Expensive production equipment
- Periodic replacement of cleaning filters
Multiple boiling technology
We all know that boiling water produces steam. Imagine a container of water in which boiling occurs at a temperature sufficient to convert water into steam, but at the same time there are various impurities. The heavy particles remain in this tank, while the steam enters the next tank, in which a similar process takes place. Moreover, the more such containers, the higher the degree of water purification. Typically 2 to 6 reflux cycles are used. By the way, this is the principle used in the manufacture of moonshine. Such devices are called distillers.
The simplest distiller can be assembled from a metal container (more often they take a barrel for this purpose), a flow-through refrigerator, 2-3 thermal electric heaters, and a gas burner.
The advantages of this method of obtaining distilled water are the low cost of the equipment necessary for this and its speed, several times higher than the speed of obtaining the product at the outlet.
This is the method used by Russian “Kulibins” to obtain distilled water at home.
Where to start production and what equipment is needed for the production of distilled water
Of course, the first thing to take care of is the production area. Its area directly depends on the volume of products manufactured. At first, the production of distilled water can generally be established in an ordinary garage (read about what other business ideas you can implement in the garage here -). Of course, there must be electricity and water supply in the room.
The next stage is the purchase of equipment, which can be classified according to the following characteristics:
- Electricity consumption
- Productivity of volumes (liters, cubes, or tons) per hour, day, or a work shift set by the manufacturer
Depending on the planned production volumes, a distiller can cost you from 100 to 350 thousand rubles. Of course, the ideal option would be to purchase an automated distilled water production line. As sales are successful, the number of distillers used can be increased.
Where to sell distilled water?
Where and how to find distribution channels for such a specific product? A little higher, I have already listed those areas in which distilled water is used. Hence the need to "dance". Offer your product to the city pharmacies; to car dealerships; to gas stations; to shops selling household appliances. There is no mandatory certification for this product in our country, but I think it will be much better if you pass voluntary certification - in this case, wholesale buyers will be much more willing to deal with your company.
You can also sell your products at retail. You can post advertisements for the sale of distilled water on popular Internet sites, in local media, or by sending out flyers to private homes. There it can be used as a filler for the cooling system, as an alternative to household antifreeze, which is now quite expensive.
General overview of the distilled water production market
Among all kinds of ideas for starting your own business, the most profitable and least costly, as a rule, lie on the surface. However, what lies in plain sight is often difficult to notice. In relation to this, the business idea outlined below refers to those things that at first glance are obvious, but for some reason do not come to mind.
Many car owners are familiar with distilled water. Distilled water is used both in the production of batteries and for flushing and filling the cooling system (in summer), diluting coolant concentrates (in winter), or for adjusting the freezing point of an anti-freeze liquid for washing windows.
In medicine, pure water is used to dilute injection solutions. In addition, distilled water can be used for some other household needs - for example, to be added to steam irons, etc. In principle, distilled water can be consumed internally, however, doctors warn against prolonged use: in this case, it is better to prefer mineral water containing the necessary elements.
But it is not forbidden to cook in distilled water or use it for other food purposes or to fill the aquarium.
There are several large producers of distilled water on the domestic market, but it is still far from saturation. In addition, this market is practically not represented by local small and medium-sized producers, which makes entering it quite simple and not burdensome financially - raw materials cost practically nothing, the number of employees is minimal, and the mark-up for distilled water is quite high.
Distilled water production technology
Today, there are two technologies for purifying water to a distilled state: multiple boiling with condensation and reverse osmosis.
The essence of the first method is that the distilled water passes through a system of containers, where it is boiled. The basis of the process is that water evaporates from the surface of the water. The substances dissolved in it evaporate at a different temperature than water, therefore, steam that is freer from impurities gets into each subsequent container.
An industrial water distillation system is a 2-, 4- or 6-chamber installation equipped with an appropriate inlet for ordinary tap (or even industrial) water and an outlet that is usually connected directly to the bottling line of water in bottles or other containers.
The popular today method of reverse osmosis (or the so-called semi-permeable barrier) is the distillation of water through several filters that screen out impurities, first mechanically, and then at the molecular level.
In this case, a technology is used that is similar to the biological ability of cells to retain unwanted substances.
Reverse osmosis technology is much more energy efficient than distillation technology. But distillation tends to be somewhat faster and the equipment for distilled water production is cheaper.
In addition, when using a distiller, the operating costs consist only of electricity and Maintenance, and in the case of reverse osmosis, the costs of consumables - replaceable filters - are added to the above. Although, given that both are included in the selling price of products, the difference at the output is practically insignificant.
Premises, machinery and equipment for the production of distilled water
The room for the production of distilled water does not require any special parameters, planning and additional equipment. Compliance with current building codes is enough.
Communications, except, of course, water and electricity (for distillers, as a rule, with a voltage of 380V) are not required.
Water purification equipment is priced according to practically one indicator - capacity, i.e. the production of distilled water, expressed in units of measurement (liters, cubic meters or tons) in units of time (hours or days).
For example, if it comes about a distiller with a capacity of 100 l / h, then, accordingly, per hour it produces (does not process!) 100 liters of distilled water.
In addition, the price of equipment is relatively insignificantly dependent on the country of origin. Accordingly, for example, not very high-quality, both in terms of assembly and in terms of purification, Chinese distillers will be valued less than European ones of the corresponding power, as well as domestic ones.
In general, industrial power electric distillers - i.e. 100 l / h can be purchased for about 130 thousand rubles. (a piece); 140 l / h - for about 170 thousand rubles; 210 l / h - for about 240 thousand rubles.
Of course, if we talk about any significant production volumes (at least 20 tons / day), then there should be several distillers.
A simple calculation shows that, considering the round-the-clock operation of the equipment from the above example, the type of distillers purchased does not matter: in order to equip the production of distilled water with a capacity of 20 tons / day, it is necessary in any case to spend about 1 million rubles. Basically, this is not much money compared to profit.
If we talk about membrane distillers based on a reverse osmosis system, then the price range here is even greater: for example, ready-made modular systems water treatment with a productivity of 1.5-2 cubic meters. meters per hour (depending on the quality of the incoming water) will cost € 7300; with a productivity of 5-6 cubic meters. m per hour - already at € 17,000; and 10-12 cubic meters. m per hour - € 29,000.
And although, as you can see, water purification systems based on reverse osmosis technology are more expensive than electric distillers, their performance is much higher. Although, do not forget about the need to purchase replacement filter cartridges for them.
But there is another indicator of the quality of the water treatment equipment. Water discharged both from systems using reverse osmosis technology and from electric distillers is technically considered distilled (sometimes the terms "distilled" and "reverse osmosis" are used to separate types of water).
But there is still some difference. In water purified by distillation, the amount of salts is about 1-5 mg / l (a special unit is also used for designation - 1 ppm, ie partspermillion, read pi-pi-em, "parts per million", also denoted as ppm - "ppm"), but for high-quality equipment, a concentration of less than 1 ppm is quite achievable. While reverse osmosis technology gives an indicator of mineralization of only 5-25 mg / l.
Which technology you prefer is ultimately up to you, of course.
Prospects for the production of distilled water
Currently, there are ongoing debates among doctors whether it is possible to use distilled water as drinking water for a long time, and, although opinions on this matter were divided, cooking, using distilled or reverse osmosis water for cooking, diluting food liquids (juices, etc.) not only is not the subject of such disputes, but is also encouraged in every possible way, so that the food sector, still underdeveloped in our country, has great prospects.
The same can be said about the use of distilled water in other industries: automobile and medical - the more cars and the more medical institutions use distilled water for their purposes, the more their demand for it will increase.
From other perspectives, besides, of course, the production of bottled water, one can note the perspectives of free raw materials - water of rivers, lakes and other bodies of water; desalination of sea and non-potable water in arid areas; as well as connecting residential buildings under construction to a centralized distilled water supply system.
It often happens that a good idea for a new business is literally underfoot. The paradox is that the obvious things are often not noticed or used. Take distilled water production, for example. The domestic market is represented by only a few large manufacturers. Meanwhile, purified water without impurities is required in many areas of production and everyday life.
Where is distilled water used?
- Car care. Distilled water is poured into a battery to dilute the electrolyte; it is also added to concentrated antifreeze and washer.
- Gen. Experts advise to fill autonomous heating systems with distilled water, since the salts contained in an ordinary liquid create scale when heated. Also, purified water can be poured into irons with steam generators or used in aquariums.
- Washing of measuring instruments, laser printers.
- The medicine. Distilled water is used in injection solutions as well as in dental equipment.
There are two main technologies used for the production of distilled water:
- distillation by repeated boiling;
- cleaning by reverse osmosis.
Multiple boil method
When using this technology, the process of water evaporation takes place. It is heated to such a temperature level that it evaporates and impurities remain in the precipitate. In the next container, the steam turns into condensate. Then the water is evaporated again. This process can be repeated 2 to 6 times. The more containers the water passes through, the less impurities it will contain at the outlet.
Reverse osmosis method
Distilled water is obtained with this technology by passing it through a set of filters. First the water goes through mechanical cleaning, then it is passed through membranes, the holes of which allow water molecules to escape, but retain larger particles of impurities.
Unlike the previous method, with membrane distillation, power consumption is reduced tenfold. Its disadvantages are the length of the cleaning process and the need for periodic filter replacement. In addition, equipment for the production of distilled water by reverse osmosis has a higher cost.
How to organize the production of distilled water?
Any sufficiently ventilated room can be used to organize a production workshop. You will need plumbing and a reliable power supply. It is also important that the company has free access to vehicles.
The greatest financial costs will be required, in fact, for the apparatus for the production of distilled water. Its cost is determined, first of all, by the productivity of the installation.
A sufficiently high-quality electric distiller, capable of producing 100 liters of water per hour, costs about 3 thousand euros. Membrane distillers using reverse osmosis have significantly higher productivity, but they are also more expensive.
So, the price membrane system cleaning with a capacity of 2000 l / h is approaching 7 thousand euros. To ensure at least average production volumes (from 20,000 l / day), it will be necessary to purchase several distillation units.
Distilled water production equipment can be purchased from Russian, European or Chinese manufacturers. The most expensive, but also the most durable, is equipment from Europe.
The service life of domestic units is somewhat shorter, but in the event of their breakdown, you will not have to wait long for the delivery of component parts. Chinese distillers are the cheapest option. However, one should not expect high water purification from them. We hope that now it is easier for you to decide which equipment to choose for the production of distilled water.
Water purification quality
None of the modern distillation methods can produce water that is absolutely free of impurities. Their permissible number is regulated by GOST. To control the quality of manufactured products, a conductometer for distilled water is used. This device measures the electrical conductivity of a liquid and, by comparing it with a standard value, determines the concentration of impurities.
It should be noted that equipment for the production of distilled water by boiling provides the highest degree of purification. The mineralization of the water at the outlet is 1-5 mg / l, while the reverse osmosis method can reduce the mineralization only to the level of 5-25 mg / l.
Car enthusiasts use a dielectric distillate to top up battery cans. Housewives who are careful about home appliances pour only salt-free water into steam irons. Only distilled water for injection can be used to make solutions available for intravenous or intramuscular administration from many drugs. An increasing number of people independently distil water for drinking, not being content with ordinary household filters.
Doctors warn that the use of distilled water leads to a lack of many essential salts and minerals in the body.
Method of producing distilled water using heat
When water boils, steam rises into the atmosphere - water in gaseous state free of salts and other impurities remaining in the boiling vessel. With absence fresh water save the day sea water distilled. The problem of obtaining distilled water is solved by cooling water vapor and precipitating the resulting moisture in another container itself.
A glass jar is installed over the spout of boiling over moderate heat, filled with water to the holes (less than half). The steam entering it cools down, condenses on the walls and flows down. It is enough to place an enamel (aluminum, ceramic, glass or glass) bowl or saucepan under the jar. The collected liquid is the distillate.
Do not use galvanized metal containers to obtain distilled water; it is better to replace aluminum dishes with enamel ones.
Another, no less simple method, has been known since ancient times and is based on the "old-fashioned" method of forcing moonshine. The process is called "on a cup" and consists in placing a small large saucepan on the bottom, tightly covered with a basin with cold water and standing on fire. The water in a large saucepan boils, the steam rises, condenses at the bottom of the bowl, and flows into the bowl. The diameter of the condensate collection bowl must be larger than the diameter of the bottom of the basin.
Method of obtaining distilled water using cold
Freezing harmful impurities and unnecessary salts is a very popular method used by many supporters. healthy way life. To obtain the desired result, any household refrigerator is perfect.
The settled or boiled tap or spring water is placed in the freezer. After a while, after the first ice appears, the container with water is removed from the freezer. The unfrozen fraction is poured into another container, and the formed ice is thrown away. When the water again placed in frost hardens by half (up to two-thirds of the volume is possible), the remaining liquid part becomes unnecessary. The resulting ice, after melting, will turn into a product that is very similar in properties to distilled water.
If you are far from civilization objects in winter - roads, factories, stoker rooms and other pollutants of the surrounding atmosphere - pay attention to the snow. When melting, white pure snow will turn into water, which, due to the absence of salts, is close to distilled. But rainwater does not have this level of purity.
Which is capable of generating income even during the economic downturn, we propose to consider the commercial production of distilled water.
The wide range of applications of this product, from domestic use to consumption in the production and service environment of automobiles, ensures that the demand for purified water is always sustainable. At the same time, the activity for the production of distilled water is not difficult to organize and does not require special education and work experience.
Distilled water: concept and production technology
Distilled water is water that, as a result of special processing, is purified from any impurities, i.e. is absolutely pure in its own way chemical composition... It is characterized by a lower freezing limit and more heat boiling. These physical and chemical indicators make distilled water indispensable in many areas: medicine, pharmaceuticals, automotive, radio electronics, etc.
Distilled water production is carried out using two technologies:
- boiling followed by collection of condensate;
- reverse osmosis.
In the first case, the water passes through several containers, where it gradually heats up and gets rid of various impurities. Purified water remains in the last tank.
This technology is an industrial version of water purification and is used in many large industries.
The second option provides for the distillation of water through a system of special filters that purify at the molecular and mechanical levels using special membranes.
The team of the World of Business website recommends that all readers take the Lazy Investor Course, in which you will learn how to put things in order in your personal finances and learn how to get passive income. No enticements, only quality information from a practicing investor (from real estate to cryptocurrency). The first week of training is free! Register for a free week of training
Equipment for the production of
Suitable equipment for the production of distilled water can be found on the market today for each of the manufacturing technologies. Devices for production based on the boiling principle are cheaper. Depending on the performance, their price can range from 150,000 to 400,000 rubles. for the installation.
If your own funds are not enough to start production, we recommend following the link:. You will learn how to get a loan for a business without collateral and guarantors.
A good option is to form a customer base even before starting production with the definition of a specific volume of needs. In other cases, it is necessary to look for access to large consumers, for example, battery plants, or to form a market for distilled water, for example, among the owners of cottages with modern systems steam heating. Experts note that the demand for distilled water will only increase in the coming years, so this business has prospects.
