1 3 oz. What markings of sinkers can be found in local stores. How is the value of an ounce of gold determined?
In various sources translated into Russian, one can often find the mention of an ounce. It is a unit of mass, weight or volume used in most British traditional systems of measurement. A typical ounce of averdupua (approximately 28.3 g) is 1/16 of the total weight of a pound.
This is the classic unit of measurement for the United States and Britain. It is mainly used in the United States of America for weighing packaged food and portions, mailing, as well as for specifying the density of fabric and paper, boxing gloves, etc. Sometimes it can be found in the English-speaking sphere in other processes.
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Varieties
Apart from the usual one, several other ounces are currently in use. These can be measurements of different quantities. This unit is used not only to clarify the weight. It is used in such cases:
- Troy ounce, weighing about 31.1 grams, is used to determine the mass of precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.
- An ounce-force is a measure of weight, that is, mass.
- Fluid ounce is a measure of volume.
Historically, it has been used in many industries in various fields where it was required to measure mass or volume.
Etymology of the name
Where did the term "ounce" come from? This name comes from the Latin uncia, a unit that was one-twelfth of the Roman pound (a measure of weight).
The name was borrowed twice. At first, Old English was spoken of as "insan" or "indsan" (this is a distorted form of Latin). Then, in late medieval English, the word "ounce" began to be used.
The abbreviation oz came later from the related Italian word onza (now spelled oncia).
Why is there no single standard
An ounce is a unit that is measured in many different ways. The explanation for this is as follows. It has been used historically in many parts of the world, at different points in history, and for different applications. Therefore, unequal weight standards were taken as a basis.
How much does an ounce weigh in different values? The international variant of averdupua names 28.349523125 437.5 grams. The international troy ounce is 31.1034768 480 grams, the French one is 30.59 grams. There are other numerical values as well. It is worth learning more about what types of this unit of measurement are used in the modern world.
International averdupua system (oz)
The international ounce is 28.349523125 grams, according to the International Yard and Pound Agreement of 1959. It was signed by the United States of America and the countries of the Commonwealth of Nations.
In the averdupua system, sixteen ounces make up a pound of the same name. It is defined as follows: 7000 grains. Therefore, one ounce adds up to 437.5 grains.
It is still the standard unit of weight in the United States. In the UK, it ceased to be a legal unit of measurement in 2000, but is still widely used on an informal basis. It is also a traditional measure of portion sizes in British restaurants.
The metric system of measures is familiar to a modern person. But novice buyers of investment bullion may be surprised that a special unit of measurement is used as a standard for the weight of precious metals - the troy ounce (troy ounce, t oz or oz t), which has nothing to do with the SI or the system of measures used in USA. For those facing the precious metals market for the first time, it is important to understand why and how much a troy ounce of gold weighs in grams.
Weighing as a comparison of the weights of two objects has been familiar to mankind for thousands of years. Lever scales are present in images from the earliest civilizations. This instrument was used almost unchanged until the twentieth century.
In medieval times, even money was determined by weighing. As a standard, jewelers and traders in Europe used grains of wheat and barley, and in the east they preferred carob seeds. Due to the stability of their weight - four such seeds made up one carat.
A medieval silver penny weighed one pennyweight and was divided into two halves at halfpenny and four farthing by weight. The pennyweight was 1/240 troy pounds, which in turn was equal to 5670 grains of barley, selected in a special way (with the same mass and length) so that they could be used as units of measurement.
The Troy measuring system is believed to have originated in the 15th century in the French town of Troyes in Champagne, where major trade fairs were held. The king of England of French origin, Henry II, adjusted the British coinage system towards unification with the weighing methods in Troyes. By 1527, this system had become the official benchmark for gold and silver in Britain. The United States followed suit in 1828.
Ozt in our time
Before the adoption of the metric system, troy units were used in various parts of Europe. Their values varied by several percent.
The modern unit of weight corresponds to the imperial troy ounce and the following proportions are adopted for it:
- 12 ozt is 1 tr. lb;
- 1 ozt contains 20 pence.
Similar ratios have links to the British monetary system, which is based on the old pound 240p. Therefore, such a weighing system is called a monetary system. In the modern world, the coin weight is used only for weighing precious metals and stones. According to ISO4217 codes, the following designations are assigned to the weight units of investment metals:
- XAU - t oz of gold;
- XAG - t oz of silver;
- XPT - t oz of platinum.
Today ozt is the international standard for precious metals trading. All major trading platforms expose prices without comment, how many grams are in a troy ounce of gold and what quality, since experienced investors are in any case aware of such nuances.
SI and everdup equivalent
The Troyes measure of scales involves dividing the pound into 12 parts. This is very different from the day-to-day weighting system used in the United States, in which 16 ounces is one pound.
The traditional American measurement of weight is called the everdupois system. The standard pound is about 21.5 percent heavier than the troy pound and in terms of grain size was 7000 grains (grains) versus 5760 (12 × 480) in the troy. Gran is the smallest unit of mass for the Pharmacy, Troy and Everdupois systems.
To understand how much an ounce of gold is in grams, you need to decide on the net and gross standards for measuring precious metals. On the precious metals exchanges, one ounce of gold always means a troy ounce of gold with a purity of 99.99%. This is the maximum purity of the noble metal; complete removal of impurities is technically impossible. The same goes for 1oz of silver or other precious metal.
Troy weight refers to pure metal only, any other components are subtracted from the net weight. 31.1034768 grams - this number with an accuracy of the seventh decimal place is enough for any practical application of knowing how many grams are in an ounce. 31.103 is an easy-to-remember figure that means how much an ounce of gold weighs in grams in an approximation convenient for use in everyday life.
A large number of unit ratios can be made between the metric, troy and everdup systems due to the cumbersomeness of traditional measures. For understanding, the following values will be sufficient, given to kilograms in SI:
- 1kg = 35.2740 oz;
- 1kg = 32.1507 ozt;
- 1oz = 0.9114 ozt;
- 1oz = 0.02835 kg.
For weight measurement, a troy grain can be used, which is equivalent to a mass of 0.0648 grams.
Weight and coins can be roughly divided into two categories. The first one is historical or everyday coins made of noble metal. The second includes those intended for investment purposes on a par with ingots.
Such coins are minted in accordance with the troy weight system and the following values are traditional for them:
- 1/10 t oz;
- ¼ t oz;
- ½ t oz;
- 1 t oz.
Minted at the South African Mint. In 1980, it accounted for 90% of all world gold coins. The name itself is a combination of the person's name on the obverse and the unit of the South African currency. In the 1870s. and the 1980s. Some countries have banned the import of the Krugerrand over the years due to links with South Africa's apartheid. Now the coin is popular with collectors and investors.
The production levels of the Kruger Rand have varied considerably over half a century. In the first years, 40 thousand coins were minted, in 1970 the issue increased to 200 thousand copies and continued to grow. In total, about six million Krugerrands were produced.
The coin was developed as a vehicle for private investment in gold, sold for the equivalent of its price and had no par value, but had legal tender status. In addition to the ounce Krugerrand, small coins were minted in half, quarter and tenth oz t. The emission contains about 46 million oz t of gold (about 1500 tons). The success of the Krugerrand sparked a reaction in other state mints, which also began to mint fractional ounce coins.
Maple Leaf
Manufactured by the Royal Canadian Mint since 1979. Face value - 50 Canadian dollars. The market value varies depending on. Its purity sometimes reaches 99.999%.
In addition to standard denominations, it is produced in weights of 1/25 and 1/20 t oz. The obverse and reverse represent the profile of Elizabeth II and the Canadian maple leaf. In 2007, the Royal Canadian Mint introduced a coin with a face value of $ 1 million with a gold price of $ 2 million. Its diameter was 50 cm, a thickness of 3 cm and a weight of 100 kg.
A series of coin bars issued by the People's Republic of China. An official from the Chinese Mint introduced the panda gold coin in 1982. Since then, its design has changed every year.
This coin comes in a variety of sizes and weights ranging from 1/20 t oz to 1 t oz. There are also a number of silver coins with the same characteristics. There are 5 and 12 t oz "giant panda" coins.
Manufactured since 1986 in 1/10, ¼, ½ and 1 t oz. The specified weight of gold is guaranteed by the US government. The alloy has a silver content of 3%, which makes the coin not like the Krugerrand.
The 22 carat gold alloy (916 carat) is the traditional English gold. It has not been used in US coins since 1834. By 1837, the gold content of the coin alloy had dropped to 90%. By the time the American eagle appeared, the content increased again to 91.67%.
The Perth Mint is minted by a company wholly owned by the Australian government. Denominations of 1/20, 1/10, ¼, ½, 1, 2, 10 oz and 1 kg of 99.99% gold were produced. They are legal tender in Australia. The annual limited edition with original design makes the Australian nugget attractive to collectors.
It has two unique features: a two-tone effect due to rough matte and glossy surfaces and an individually rigid encapsulation that protects the coin from bumps and scratches. These features were unusual for standard gold coins and allowed the nugget to carve a unique niche in the market.
Austrian Philharmonic (Philharmonic)
The coin has been minted from 99.99% pure gold since 1989. Issued annually in four denominations, sizes and weights. Legal as a means of payment on the territory of Austria, after circulation inevitably settles in private collections. According to the World Gold Council, it was the world's best-selling coin in 1932, 1995 and 1996. It is produced in a weight of 1 t oz and a denomination of 100 euros.
On the reverse side there is a set of musical instruments representing the Vienna Philharmonic, on the reverse - a large organ of the concert hall. The denomination of the philharmonic is indicated in shillings (up to 2002) or euros. Weight, alloy purity and year of manufacture are also indicated. Since 2008, not only gold, but also silver philharmonics have been minted. Their design is identical to the gold coin except for the stated par value of 1.5 euros.
Obviously, the minting of bullion coins not only has not died, but is also experiencing a rebirth. Investors around the world buy and sell gold in troy ounces, so the idea of acquiring legal tender in multiples of ozt will always be attractive.
Novice investors are often confused about weight because they don't know how many grams are in an ounce of gold. Having bought an ingot, a person suddenly receives more metal than he expected to receive. But is it?
This is due to the fact that even in the modern world, a system such as the troy ounce is used to determine the weight of gold. And this ounce is often confused with an ordinary ounce, since grams are used in Russia.
Therefore, when buying in foreign markets, you must take into account the fact that a troy ounce weighs nine point seven percent more than averdupua.
Ounce of averdupua
Abbreviation oz or oz at - in the United States and several other countries, the basic unit of weight is pound averdupua (453.592 370 g). It consists of 16 ounces. The weight of an ounce of averdupua is 28.35 g (28.349 523 125 g).
What is a troy ounce
This is the name of the unit for determining the weight of precious metals, which is included in the troy system of measures. It is designated as TR.OZ, or troy ounce, or simply ozt. This system was used by the Romans to measure gold, silver and precious stones. This system includes pounds and grains.
To understand the difference, you need to know what an ounce is.
So: One troy ounce will be equal to 31.1034768 grams. The pound is equal to 373.2417216g. or twelve troy ounces. A grain is equal to 1 in 480 ounces, or 64.79891 milligrams.
It is not necessary to confuse the pound in England and the troy pound, since the second is rarely used by anyone at the present time. And you definitely need to separate the ordinary and the troy ounce.
In the modern world, sometimes they are still measured in a troy ounce, especially in the financial sector, in jewelry stores, in the pharmacy and cosmetics industry. In order to calculate the metal in cans, a troy ounce is rounded, and it turns out 31.103 grams.
In this case, it is not clear why use an outdated system. Why it is impossible to use more modern systems of measures. We will try to answer this question.
The most important feature of a troy ounce is its convenience in calculating the weight of precious metals to determine their price in the banking and jewelry industry.
How to convert ounce to grams
This can be done using an online calculator. To find out how many grams are in ounces of gold, you need to enter the number of ounces there and the calculator will automatically convert it to grams. The troy ounce is a kind of royal symbol for measuring gold.
Some coins are equal in weight to a troy ounce:
- golden eagle usa
- golden buffalo usa
- Gold bar australia
- Panda china
- Krugerrand South Africa
- Maple Leaf Canada
- Philharmonic Australia
The ancient city of Troy in no way influenced the name of the troy ounce. Troy ounce was named after a small town in France - Troyes. This city became popular in the twelfth century as it hosted fairs with the participation of merchants from all over the world.
Previously, each country used its own system to measure the value of gold, which constantly created difficulties. Initially, it was proposed to take the livre as a universal measure; the troy pound was included in the same system. Soon the troy ounce became the main method for determining the measures of precious metals.
Despite the fact that in continental Europe the metric, decimal system of measures and weights has long been adopted, we are constantly faced with the English and American units of measurement for length, area, volume and weight. The most common among them are - inch, foot, yard, mile, acre, pound, pint, barrel.
Many, I am sure, have seen a mysterious inscription on bottles with various liquids. fl. oz. In England and the United States, there are many other, less well-known units of measurement in our country.
Most often we use these units of measurement when we talk about such common things as the size of a car's tire, a TV screen. The size is usually already indicated in inches right in the model name. The same is the case with the diameter of metal and plastic pipes, the size of wrenches and the bolts and nuts themselves. Mileage of American cars is indicated in miles. When naming the price of oil, they say: "price per barrel", and the weight of gold is often called in ounces. In some cookbooks, you can also find an indication of weight in pounds, and volume in ounces or quarts.
What does lb or lbs mean in American stores? Read about it at the bottom of the page.
And one more small note: do not try to remember all this, for this, reference books have been invented so as not to overload the memory with routine. So stop by!
It remains only to wish you seven feet under the keel and go directly to the table!
Listen| WEIGHT AND MEASURES TABLE | ||||
| UNIT | UNIT MEASUREMENT |
ABBREVIATION OR SYMBOL | EQUIVALENTS OF SAME SYSTEM | METRIC EQUIVALENT |
| ABBREVIATION OR SYMBOL | EQUIVALENTS IN THE SAME SYSTEM | METRIC EQUIVALENT | ||
| WEIGHT - WEIGHT | ||||
| Avoirdupois * - Everdupois | ||||
| short ton | short ton | 20 short hundredweight, 2000 pounds | 0.907 metric ton | |
| long ton | long ton | 20 long hundredweight, 2240 pounds | 1.016 metric ton | |
| hundredweight | English centner (see long centner) | cwt | 112 pounds, 0.05 long ton | 50.802 kilograms |
| short hundredweight | short (American) centner | 100 pounds, 0.05 short tons | 45.359 kilograms | |
| long hundredweight | long (English) centner | 112 pounds, 0.05 long ton | 50.802 kilograms | |
| pound | lb. | lb ** or lb avdp, also # (mostly USA) |
16 ounces, 7000 grains | 0.454 kilogram |
| ounce | ounce | oz or oz avdp | 16 drams, 437.5 grains, 0.0625 pound | 28.350 grams |
| dram | drachma | dr or dr avdp | 27.344 grains, 0.0625 ounce | 1.772 grams |
| grain | share | gr | 0.037 dram, 0.002286 ounce | 0.0648 gram |
| Troy - Troy system | ||||
| pound | lb. | lb t | 12 ounces, 240 pennyweight, 5760 grains | 0.373 kilogram |
| ounce | ounce | oz t | 20 pennyweight, 480 grains, 0.083 pound | 31.103 grams |
| pennyweight | pennyweight | dwt also pwt | 24 grains, 0.05 ounce | 1.555 grams |
| grain | share | gr | 0.042 pennyweight, 0.002083 ounce | 0.0648 gram |
| Apothecaries "- Pharmaceutical system | ||||
| pound | lb. | lb ap | 12 ounces, 5760 grains | 0.373 kilogram |
| ounce | ounce | oz ap | 8 drams, 480 grains, 0.083 pound | 31.103 grams |
| dram | drachma | dr ap | 3 scruples, 60 grains | 3.888 grams |
| scruple | scruple | s ap | 20 grains, 0.333 dram | 1.296 grams |
| grain | share | gr | 0.05 scruple, 0.002083 ounce, 0.0166 dram | 0.0648 gram |
| CAPACITY - CAPACITY | ||||
| U.S. liquid measures - US liquid measures | ||||
| barrel | barrel | bbl | 42 gallons | 159 liters |
| gallon | gallon | gal | 4 quarts (231 cubic inches) | 3.785 liters |
| quart | quart | qt | 2 pints (57.75 cubic inches) | 0.946 liter |
| pint | pint | pt | 4 gills (28.875 cubic inches | 473.176 milliliters |
| gill | jill | gi | 4 fluid ounces (7.219 cubic inches) | 118.294 milliliters |
| fluid ounce | fluid ounce | fl oz | 8 fluid drams (1.805) cub inches) | 29.573 milliliters |
| fluid dram | liquid drachma | fl dr | 60 minims (0.226 cubic inch) | 3.697 milliliters |
| minim | minim, 1/60 drachma | min | 1/60 fluid dram (0.003760 cubic inch) | 0.061610 milliliter |
| U.S. dry measures - Units of measure for dry matter. USA | ||||
| bushel | bushel | bu | 4 pecks (2150.42 cubic inches) | 35.239 liters |
| peck | pitch | pk | 8 quarts (537.605 cubic inches) | 8.810 liters |
| quart | quart | qt | 2 pints (67.201 cubic inches) | 1.101 liters |
| pint | pint | pt | 0.5 quart (33.600 cubic inches) | 0.551 liter |
| British imperial liquid and dry measures - Measurement units for liquids and dry substances. England | ||||
| bushel | bushel | bu | 4 pecks (2219.36 cubic inches) | 36.369 liters |
| peck | pitch, 2 gallons | pk | 2 gallons (554.84 cubic inches) | 9.092 liters |
| gallon | gallon | gal | 4 quarts (277.420 cubic inches) | 4.546 liters |
| quart | quart | qt | 2 pints (69.355 cubic inches) | 1.136 liters |
| pint | pint | pt | 4 gills (34.678 cubic inches) | 568.26 milliliters |
| gill | Gil | gi | 5 fluid ounces (8.669 cubic inches) | 142.066 milliliters |
| fluid ounce | fluid ounce | fl oz | 8 fluid drams (1.7339 cubic inches) | 28.412 milliliters |
| fluid dram | liquid drachma | fl dr | 60 minims (0.216734 cubic inch) | 3.5516 milliliters |
| minim | minim, 1/60 drachma | min | 1/60 fluid dram (0.003612 cubic inch) | 0.059194 milliliter |
| LENGTH - LENGTH | ||||
| mile | mile | mi | 5280 feet, 1760 yards, 320 rods | 1.609 kilometers |
| rod | genus | rd | 5.50 yards, 16.5 feet | 5.029 meters |
| yard | yard | yd | 3 feet, 36 inches | 0.9144 meter |
| foot | foot | ft or " | 12 inches, 0.333 yard | 30.48 centimeters |
| inch | inch | in or " | 0.083 foot, 0.028 yard | 2.54 centimeters |
| AREA - SQUARE | ||||
| square mile | square mile | sq mi or mi 2 | 640 acres, 102,400 square rods | 2.590 square kilometers |
| acre | acre | 4840 square yards, 43,560 square feet | 0.405 hectare, 4047 square meters | |
| square rod | square genus | sq rd or rd 2 | 30.25 square yards, 0.00625 acre | 25.293 square meters |
| square yard | square yard | sq yd or yd 2 | 1296 square inches, 9 square feet | 0.836 square meter |
| square foot | square foot | sq ft or ft 2 | 144 square inches, 0.111 square yard | 0.093 square meter |
| square inch | square inch | sq in or in 2 | 0.0069 square foot, 0.00077 square yard | 6.452 square centimeters |
| VOLUME - VOLUME ** | ||||
| cubic yard | cubic yard | cu yd or yd 3 | 27 cubic feet, 46,656 cubic inches | 0.765 cubic meter |
| cubic foot | cubic foot | cu ft or ft 3 | 1728 cubic inches, 0.0370 cubic yard | 0.028 cubic meter |
| cubic inch | cubic inch | cu in or in 3 | 0.00058 cubic foot, 0.000021 cubic yard | 16.387 cubic centimeters |
| * In the USA, weight is measured using the avoirdupois system ** In American stores, it is common to see the abbreviation lbs instead of lb for pounds. This is simply a misguided attempt to denote the plural. ** Capacity and volume are essentially the same thing, but since different units are used to measure dry and liquid substances, the universal units of volume were placed in a separate section of the table. |
||||
Word pound - pound comes from Latin libra pondo... First word libra means "scales" - actually a device for measuring weight and an astrological sign, since the constellation looks like scales. Second - pondo- just weight. Accordingly, the whole combination libra pondo means "pound of weight" (or, if you prefer, "weight pound"). In modern English, "libra pondo" has been modified and shortened to "pound", but the abbreviation remained from the Latin libra - lb.
Often in stores in English-speaking countries, you can see the abbreviation lbs to indicate pounds, which is strictly speaking a mistake, since according to the international convention, the pound is a unit of measurement, and abbreviations for units of measurement in English do not have plurals, just like in Russian, by the way. We don't write KGy or KWe.
It is no secret that all fishing in the world is measured in measures unknown to an ordinary Russian person. Particular confusion arises from the fact that sometimes different names are actually the same, and one can argue for a long time how many libres are in a pound. And then there is the Roman measure, so everything is not the same as it is today.
Line break test, line test for rods and reels is measured in Librach... :) Actually not - in Pounds... The confusion arises from the fact that the abbreviation for the pound is lb(or if there are a lot of pounds lbs), which we used to call librami.
1 lb (1 lb) - 0.453 592 37 kg or 453.59237 g. Roughly - half a kilo, which is convenient for a first guess in your head, given that such an estimate will be overkill by about 10%. And for a quick and accurate determination, there is a table (rounded):
| lb | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| kg | 0.450 | 0.900 | 1.360 | 1.815 | 2.270 | 2.720 | 3.175 | 3.630 | 4 | 4.550 |
| lb | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 |
| kg | 5.450 | 6.350 | 7.250 | 8.160 | 9 |
History reference: The Roman pound is what it is roman libra, where did the reduction come from. The weight in grams for the Roman pound / libra is different, so I won't even give it.
Rod lure test, lure weight, float load test are measured in Ounces(abbreviated oz, from ounce).
1 ounce (1 oz) - 28.349 523 125 g. An ounce is essentially 1/16 of a pound.
Traditionally, weight per ounce is written on boxes of wobblers and squeezed out on jig heads not in absolute numbers, but in fractions of 1/2, 3/5, 5/8 oz, which again completely knocks the brain of an ordinary Russian with secondary and higher education. Therefore, the table (grams are given in two approximations for convenience):
| oz | 1/32 | 1/24 | 1/16 | 1/12 | 1/10 | 1/8 | 1/7 | 1/6 | 1/5 |
| G | 0,89 1 |
1.18 1.2 |
1.77 2 |
2.36 2.5 |
2.84 3 |
3,54 3,5 |
4,05 4 |
4,73 5 |
5,67 6 |
| oz | 1/4 | 1/3 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| G | 7,09 7 |
9,45 9,5 |
10,63 10 - 11 |
14,18 14 |
17,72 18 |
21,26 21 |
24,8 25 |
28,35 28 |
56,7 57 |
85,05 85 |
113,4 113 |
141,75 142 |
170,1 170 |
Sometimes there are such inscriptions: 1-1 / 2 oz is actually 1/4 oz, and not (1 oz - 1/2 oz) = 1/2 oz. This is the arithmetic.
History reference: The modern common ounce is Ounce of averdupua, 1/16 of a pound averdupua. Is there some more Troy ounce, which is used in jewelry and banking. And there is Roman ounce... Troy and Roman ounces are 1/12 of their own pounds. And of course, all these ounces are not equal to each other, so we don’t want to know and generally forget them until someone is presented with a spinner made of pure gold, then you can stick on it out of happiness and count in troy ounces, for not chala-bola, but gold ...
Postscript: even in ounces, the volumes of liquids are measured, but here our tradition of measuring the same liquid in grams cannot be reversed. For "well, they write" and "sir, drip 2 ounces, pliz" are two big differences: one is full of meaning, and the second can be the cause of an unreasonable message.
