Dialogue on May 9 in Russian. Dialogue about war and great victory. II. Information block
Class hour by May 9 on the topic "The last battle, it is the most difficult"
Class hour dedicated to Victory Day
A nation dies when it becomes a population. And he becomes a population when he forgets his history.
F. Abramov
The script is written in traditional form: information block and frontal conversation with children. Given the intimate nature of the event (this is not a meeting, not a school holiday, but confidential communication in the classroom), excessive pathos, loud words about patriotism should be avoided. Everyone can define their role in this activity: preparation of oral messages, musical arrangement, reading poetry, participation in the discussion.
The hardest part is creating the right atmosphere during the class hour. The difficult age of children, the need to stay after school, the very topic of the class hour - all this does not arouse much enthusiasm among modern ninth-graders. Therefore, it is very important to prepare children, to tune in to the fact that they will need to fulfill their duty - to pay their debt to the memory of the defenders of the Fatherland, to remember the Great Patriotic War.
It is necessary to explain that repaying debts is not easy and does not really want to. Therefore, you will have to force yourself, step over laziness, suppress a playful mood, tune in to a serious wave. This is very small. Only 45 minutes, and millions of lives were given for the Motherland, for the Victory.
Goals: to expand children's understanding of the Great Patriotic War; foster respect for the heroic past of the country, arouse sympathy for the older generation; to form a positive assessment of such moral qualities as self-sacrifice, heroism, patriotism; to form an active life position, to encourage children to actively resist attempts to tarnish the history of the country.
Form of conducting: hour of memory.
Preparatory work:
1-2 weeks before the school hour, set up the children, warn that a "memory hour" is being prepared, in which everyone will have to take part;
The task for each student is to name the name of a soldier who died in the war, say when and where he died, where he was buried (ask parents, neighbors, acquaintances, you can take information from newspapers, radio, television);
Assign a group of children who will prepare information messages based on the script materials;
Invite children who can read expressively to learn poems from the text of the script;
Instruct several students to prepare the music for the class hour: perform the song “ The last battle", Choose music for the minutes of silence.
Equipment: tape recorder or computer for musical design.
Decor: St. George ribbons, flowers, posters, pictures of battles, battles, photographs of generals.
Classroom plan
I. Introductory remarks.
II. Information block.
1. "The last fight, it is the most difficult."
2. Banner of Victory.
3. Marshal of Victory.
4. Victory Parade.
III. Children's stories on the theme "Victory Soldiers".
IV. A minute of silence.
V. Frontal conversation on the topic "Non-holiday reflections".
Vi. Final word.
Class hour
(The song "The Last Battle" is played (from the movie "Liberation").)
I. Introduction
May 9 is a special day. This is both a day of celebration and a day of remembrance. Memorial services will be held in all Orthodox churches in memory of the soldiers who died on the battlefields.
There are always a lot of people at such services - old and young, women and children, rich and poor, people of different nationalities - all of them are united by a common grief and a common memory of that terrible war. But those who do not go to churches, for whom this war has already become a distant history, will also remember the tears of mothers, grandmothers, and grandfathers, at least for a moment, when he hears the familiar announcer's voice: “A moment of silence comes ...”.
(The metronome turns on, the teacher or one of the presenters reads the poetry of S. Gudzenko.)
There is no need to pity us, because we would not pity anyone either.
We are pure before our battalion commander, as before the Lord God.
Overcoats on the living turned red from blood and clay,
Blue flowers bloomed on the graves of the dead
They blossomed and fell ... The fourth autumn passes.
Our mothers cry, and our peers are silently sad.
We didn’t know love, we didn’t taste the happiness of crafts,
We have got the hard part of the soldiers.
Classroom teacher. "My generation" - this is how the poet-front-line soldier Semyon Gudzenko called this poem. We are eternally indebted to them, because they paid for our life with their suffering, with their blood. And we can repay this debt only with memory and respect. Our class hour today is just a fraction of that debt. Let's just listen, remember what it was like (reads the class hour plan written on the chalkboard).
II. Information block
"The last fight, it is the most difficult"
Presenter On June 1.22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. Hitler's plans were to seize the territory, the wealth of our country, to destroy most of the inhabitants, as representatives of an inferior race, to drive the remnants of the population beyond the Urals, into the polar forests and swamps. And for hundreds of years to establish a new order, which should be based on the rule of the highest race - the Aryans. All our people have risen to fight against this order. The war went on for 4 long years, millions of soldiers died on the battlefields, but our people nevertheless drove the fascists out of their land. The battle of Moscow, and Stalingrad, and the Kursk Bulge, and the lifting of the blockade of Leningrad, and the liberation of Europe are inscribed in the history of Russia with blood. The last battle, the last major battle of the Great Patriotic War, is the battle for Berlin.
Host 2. May 1945 Our troops, having liberated the Motherland, drove the Nazis to their lair. It was imperative to destroy the enemy so that fascism would never revive. And now our soldiers are already near Berlin. The last offensive operation of the Soviet troops, which was named "Uranus", was unfolding. This is no longer 1941, when the fascists were parading across our land, and hundreds of thousands of our soldiers were killed before they could fire a single shot. Now Soviet troops outnumber the enemy in both quantity and quality of weapons. The operation to capture Berlin was developed by the best commanders, and no one doubted its success. But the enemy also understood that it was his the last chance... This made the Berlin battle one of the most stubborn and bloody on the Eastern Front. The Nazis defended their last line, and they had nothing to lose.
Leading 3. On the Berlin axis, the Germans had a large grouping of armies "Vistula" and "Center" (about 1 million people). Hitler turned Berlin into an impregnable fortress. The most thoroughly fortified was the central region, where the Reichstag and the Imperial Chancellery were located. The city was divided into 9 sectors, which were connected by moves. The metro was widely used for covert maneuver. On the Soviet side, 2.5 million people took part in the operation, our army had 4 times more guns and mortars, 4 times more tanks, 2 times more aircraft.
The main role in the capture of the German capital was assigned to the armies of the 1st Belorussian Front, commanded by Marshal G.K. Zhukov. But the troops of the 1st Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts also took an active part in this operation.
Leading On April 4.16, our army went on the offensive. The battles were heavy, bloody, the Nazis desperately resisted, but our troops managed to close the encirclement ring. Another group of Soviet troops met with the Americans. The enemy defense was cut in two. One part of the Nazis desperately tried to break through the encirclement in order to surrender to the Americans.
After stubborn battles, the Nazis managed to break through the encirclement for a short time. But only a few broke through to the West. The assault on the German capital began on April 26. The fighting went on day and night. The entire city was saturated with defensive structures, the subway was flooded, houses were blown up to block the streets, and most importantly, until the very last moment, people were driven to slaughter so that they would keep the defenses. Soviet troops were forced to literally storm every house.
Leading On April 5.29, the battles for the Reichstag began, each floor of the building had to be taken with battle. And then a red banner flashed on the roof of the Reichstag. There was also indiscriminate shooting, death was also flying at our soldiers from houses and basements, but it was already clear to everyone that the Third Reich had been crushed. On May 1, representatives of the Hitlerite headquarters requested an armistice, reporting Hitler's suicide. However, Zhukov, by order of Stalin, demanded unconditional surrender. The Hitlerite command rejected this demand, and the last assault on the central part of the city, where the Imperial Chancellery was located, began. The battle for this object lasted all night from May 1 to May 2 and ended with the surrender of the Nazis. On behalf of Stalin, the act of surrender was signed by Marshal G.K. Zhukov. The remnants of the Berlin garrison (more than 134 thousand people) surrendered. A very high price was paid for this city - the losses of our troops were even higher than during the Battle of Stalingrad or Kursk. Hundreds of thousands of our soldiers never returned home, remained lying in a foreign land in order to end fascism forever.
Victory Banner
Presenter 6. Banner as a banner: a red rectangle, a sickle and a hammer, the inscription “150th Order of Kutuzov of the second degree Idritskaya rifle division". It was this battle banner that was officially awarded the title "Banner of Victory". On April 30, 1945, regimental intelligence officers - Sergeant Mikhail Yegorov and Junior Sergeant Meliton Kantaria installed this banner on the roof of the Reichstag. Soldiers from other units also planted red flags over Berlin, but this banner was special. Nine of these flags were flown to Berlin. And only one of them, number 5, was hoisted over the Reichstag. This banner was erected literally under enemy fire - many more fascists continued to resist, sitting in the ruins of houses, on roofs, in basements. But it was imperative to show everyone that the Reichstag had been taken, that fascism had come to an end. And the Red Banner over the Reichstag was best to proof. In 1945, after the Victory Parade, this banner was sent for eternal storage to the Central Museum of the Armed Forces.
Marshal of Victory
Presenter 7. "Marshal of Victory" - that is how everyone called Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov. Zhukov is a great commander of the XX century. One modern historian noted that Russia every century gave birth to a commander, whose genius glorified the state and the nation. In the XVIII century. it was A.V. Suvorov, in the 19th century. - M.I. Kutuzov, and in the XX century. - G.K. Zhukov. Zhukov's biography is the biography of a warrior. Even the name of the village where he was born - Strelkovka - is associated with weapons. The Zhukovs' family was very poor: the father worked as a shoemaker in the city, the mother was interrupted by various earnings. Konstantin Georgievich Zhukov received his baptism of fire while still in the tsarist army, on the fronts of the First World War. He became a good cavalryman, rose to the rank of non-commissioned officer, was awarded two St. George's crosses. After the revolution he joined the Red Army. Machine gun and cavalry courses - that's all his military academies.
Leader 8. Zhukov's commanding talent manifested itself in the battles on the Khalkhin-Gol River, where our troops under his leadership surrounded and defeated the Japanese army. In this battle, the enemy's losses amounted to 61 thousand troops. Soviet troops lost 18.5 thousand people. For this military operation Zhukov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. But the talent of Zhukov as a commander was most vividly revealed during the years of the Great Patriotic War. "Where Zhukov is, there is victory," said the soldiers. Zhukov led the most important battles of the Great Patriotic War: the Moscow, Leningrad, Stalingrad, Kursk battles. He led the storming of Berlin. He was the first to sign the act of Germany's unconditional surrender. It was he who in 1945 hosted the Victory Parade on Red Square.
Host 9. Zhukov was a man of very strong will, strong character. He alone could object to Stalin, argue with the leader. Zhukov is accused by some of the fact that he sought victory at any cost, not coasting the soldiers. But famous historian Vadim Kozhinov denied this. Yes, indeed, many military operations, in which the famous commander took part, were accompanied by considerable casualties. But as a percentage of the number of soldiers, these losses were much lower than those of other military leaders. Who went through that war knows that Zhukov does not need an excuse. In that war, it was impossible to win a little by simply driving the enemy out of your House. Fascism had to be destroyed at all costs. After all, if the Nazis had won, the current accusers of the great commander would hardly have been able to talk in the quiet of their offices about the bloodthirstiness of Marshal Zhukov and the rationality of his orders. George
Konstantinovich Zhukov went down in history together with our Great Victory.
Victory parade
Host 10. Many years of testing. Long years of battles. Millions of dead ... And all this for the sake of one day - Victory Day ... On June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. And exactly 4 years later, on June 24, 1945, the Victory Parade took place on Red Square in Moscow. Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov hosted the Victory Parade. The parade was commanded by Marshal of the Soviet Union Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky. At Stalin's request, Zhukov was to receive the parade on horseback. A horse was also picked up for Rokossovsky. One consolidated regiment from all fronts, combined regiments of the Navy and the Air Force were to take part in the parade. The regiments included Heroes of the Soviet Union, holders of the Orders of Glory, famous snipers, order bearers.
Presenter 11. During the parade, our soldiers were supposed to lay down the German banners at the foot of the Mausoleum, but a few days before the parade, it was decided to throw down the enemy standards. To perform this maneuver, two hundred standard-bearers had to be taught the complex techniques of rebuilding, adopted by the ancient Roman legionaries. The Victory Banner opened the parade. This is the banner that the soldiers of the 756th Infantry Regiment Egorov and Kantaria erected over the Reichstag. It started raining on the day of the parade in Moscow. But the general excitement was so great that no one noticed the rain.
Host 12. Under the chiming of the Kremlin chimes, Marshal Zhukov rode out of the Spassky Gate on a white horse. Rokossovsky rode out to meet him with a sword baldly. In front of the Mausoleum, the marshals stopped opposite each other, and in absolute silence everyone heard the voice of Rokossovsky: "The troops of the active army and the Moscow garrison are built for the Victory Parade!" Zhukov and Rokossovsky began to go round and greet the troops. The square literally shook with a thousand-voiced "Hurray!"
All newsreel footage included the most amazing event of the parade - the march of 200 standard-bearers, throwing German banners onto the platform, to the foot of the Mausoleum. After the parade, the fascist flags were collected and sent to museums, and the platform where they lay, like the gloves of the standard bearers, were burned. Thus, complete disinfection from the defeated fascist infection was carried out. The next Victory Parade took place 20 years later. It was then, in 1965, that May 9 was officially declared a holiday.
III. A debt of memory. "Soldiers of Victory"
Presenter 13. The war went on for 4 years, the human extermination machine worked for 4 years. The exact number of our dead soldiers is still unknown. Our people paid very dearly for this victory. And the banner, and the marshals, and the parade - all this is important and necessary for victory, but nevertheless, our soldier became the main winner. It was he who walked along the military roads from the border to Stalingrad. It was he who froze in the trenches, buried himself in the ground and stood up to his full height under the fire of German batteries, it was he who went to the tanks with a rifle and a grenade, it was he who liberated the countries of Europe from the fascist scum, it was he who took Berlin. Soldiers of Victory: Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Tatars, Chechens, Bashkirs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Georgians, Moldovans - representatives of dozens of nationalities rose to war against fascism and became one nation in this war - the nation-winner. It is impossible to recall everyone by name - there are millions of them, dead, missing, dead from wounds, in German captivity. But if each of us on the holy Victory Day remembered at least one name, then there would be no forgotten soldiers throughout Russia. Let's remember the victims, let's name the names, battles, dates.
(Children stand up in a chain, name the names of the dead soldiers, the date and place of death and burial.)
IV. A minute of silence
Classroom teacher. I propose to honor the memory of all those who fell in the Great Patriotic War with a minute of silence.
(Music sounds, all the children get up.)
Please sit down.
V. Frontal conversation on the topic "Non-holiday reflections"
Classroom teacher. Guys, raise your hands, who saw the newsreel footage in which our soldiers are greeted with flowers in the cities of Europe, in Moscow at the Belorussky railway station? Who paid attention to the faces of the people, to the faces of the soldiers? (Children raise their hands, speak out.)
Indeed, in these frames, everyone is simply overwhelmed with happiness. With what admiration, everyone is looking at our soldiers who saved the world from the fascist plague. Then it seemed that no one and nothing would be able to overcome these fabulous heroes and all peoples in an unpaid debt to them. But the years have passed. The heroes became veterans. Can we say that we have paid off our debt to them? (Answers of the children.)
Can we say that we have fulfilled our duty to those who died defending our country?
Examples of children's answers:
Monuments to those killed in the war, mass graves are also very poor, some kind of abandoned.
There are few films, stories, poems and songs about the war now, young people do not know recent history, they believe in all sorts of slander.
Now there are many attacks on our soldiers. Our soldiers are called invaders, monuments are being demolished, their memory is insulted.
Many soldiers are still not buried, missing.
We are silent when we hear insults addressed to the victorious soldiers, we do not know how to protect their memory.
Classroom teacher. Indeed, they say that the war is not over until the last soldier is buried. In this case, the war in our country will not end soon, because tens of thousands of soldiers are not yet buried. For many years, various search groups have been operating in Russia, which are looking for unburied soldiers in the fields, in the forests, and bury them. This work has been going on for many years, but more and more remains are still being found. But how can you reason with those who spread dirty, defamatory facts about our fighters, who insult their memory in the press, on television, in books and films? (Answers of the children.)
Vi. Final word
Classroom teacher. Common pain, common grief, and common joy of victory - all this unites people of different nationalities into one people, about which they say abroad: "These are Russians."
Read the words of the Russian writer Fyodor Abramov (reads the epigraph).
That is why Victory Day is celebrated throughout Russia, that is why heroes, places of battles are remembered, and therefore the burials of fallen soldiers are being restored. This is not needed by the dead, it is needed by the living. To remain a nation, you need to preserve your memory.
Conversation for 7-8 grade "There is such a word -" to stand ""
Target: fostering a conscious love for the Motherland, respect for the historical past of their people on the example of the deeds performed during the Great Patriotic War.
Conversation progress
1. Opening remarks by the presenter.
Leading(teacher). In May 1945, millions of people around the world greeted with tremendous joy the exciting news of the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany and the victorious end of the war in Europe.
The Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), imposed on the Soviet Union by German fascism, lasted 1418 days and nights, it was the most cruel and difficult in the history of our Motherland. Fascist barbarians destroyed and burned 1,710 cities, more than 70 thousand villages and villages, destroyed 84 thousand schools, deprived 25 million people of homes and caused colossal material damage to our country.
2. Reading poems, students' reasoning on the topic.
The student reads a poem:
They pounced, frantic,
Threatening grave cold
But there is such a word "to stand",
When you can't stand
And there is a soul - it will endure everything,
And there is a land - it is one,
Big, kind, angry,
Like blood, warmth and salty.
I. Ehrenburg
Leading... Our Fatherland withstood the struggle against a strong and insidious enemy, having accomplished feats that lasted four fiery years.
How do you understand the word "feat"?
Students reason.
Leading... A feat is when, in a great disinterested impulse of the soul, a person gives himself to people, in the name of people sacrifices everything, even his own life. There is a feat of one person, two, three, hundreds, thousands, and there is a feat of the Nation, when the people rise up to defend the Fatherland, its honor, dignity and freedom.
Almost all of Western Europe lay under the forged heel of the German fascist invaders when Germany unleashed the power of its tanks, aircraft, guns and shells on our state. And it was necessary to be a very strong people, to have a steel character, to possess great moral strength in order to resist the enemy, to overcome his innumerable forces.
The memory of the people will forever remain: 29 tragic days - so many days the defenders of the Brest Fortress fought bravely and did not submit to the enemy; 250 days of heroic defense of Sevastopol; 900 days of the siege of Leningrad, which gave the world unsurpassed examples of the perseverance of the human spirit; 103 days of the great battle near Moscow; 201 days to the death of Stalingrad and 50 days of the battle on the Kursk Bulge.
The 7th symphony by D. Shostakovich is played (in the recording). Against the background of music, the student reads a poem:
Are children born to die
Did you want our death
The flame hit the sky - do you remember
Quietly said: "Get up to the rescue ..." -
We are from lead rods
Falling into the snow with a running start.
But - they rose in height
Voiced like a victory!
As a continuation of the day
We walked hard and powerfully ...
You can kill me
It's impossible to kill us!
R. Rozhdestvensky
Leading... All the people rose to defend the Motherland. Twenty-seven million human lives were claimed by the war. Fascism spared neither women, nor old people, nor children.
Student.
Let's remember them by name ...
Let us remember our grief!
It is not necessary for the dead
It is necessary - alive!
3. Demonstration of a live newspaper.
Students take turns calling the names of the heroes and briefly report on their feat.
Live newspaper (editing)
Ivan Ivanovich Ivanov made one of the first air rams in the Patriotic War.
Viktor Talalikhin made the first aerial ram in the Moscow night sky.
Nikolai Gastello accurately led his burning bomber to the accumulation of enemy tanks and vehicles.
Lyudmila Pavlichenko is a sniper, she destroyed more than 100 invaders.
A. K. Gorobets alone entered the battle with twenty fascist planes, nine of them shot down.
AF Naumov burst into the depths of the Nazis' defense. His tank was hit. Having tried all attempts to take the tankers alive, the Nazis doused the tank with gasoline and set it on fire. The feat of the tankers is akin to the feat of the sailors of the cruiser "Varyag".
MP Devyatayev captured a German plane with a group of prisoners of war in a concentration camp and landed safely at the location of our troops.
Mussa Jalil - a remarkable writer, poet, died in a concentration camp at the hands of fascist executioners.
Yu. V. Smirnov did not betray his comrades, he was crucified on the planks of the dugout.
Fyodor Poletaev died a hero's death on Italian soil. He is the only foreigner to be awarded the Gold Medal, the highest and most honorable award of the Italian Resistance. In Italy, the general must be the first to salute a soldier awarded this medal.
For their exploits during the war years, four Yamal residents received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union - these are Alexander Zvyagin, Nikolai Arkhangepsky, Ivan Korolkov, Anatoly Zverev:
Alexander Evstafievich Zvyagin - pilot. He flew 153 successful sorties.
Nikolai Vasilievich Arkhangepsky is also a pilot. He made over 220 sorties. On January 14, 1945, he died while carrying out a combat mission.
Ivan Vasilievich Korolkov performed a military feat in 1943 when crossing the Dnieper. After the end of the war, he was engaged in extensive teaching activities.
Anatoly Mikhailovich Zverev volunteered for the front. He died in 1944 in battles on the banks of the Western Dvina. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to him posthumously.
Remember their names! (Students pronounce this word all together).
Leading. And how many nameless heroes there were who remained forever lying on the firing line!
4. Reading articles of a front-line journalist.
1st student."A soldier becomes a hero" - article by front-line journalist Yevgeny Krieger.
“The fate of a person in a war is largely determined by the first battle. It’s bad if the first battle is unsuccessful, it can deprive a person of confidence in his abilities for a long time, his will will be broken by the expectation of a second failure. Georgy Tokarev was not lucky. In the first battle, he survived the death of an aircraft, the proximity of death and a painful feeling of resentment. A twenty-year-old boy from a flight school attacked knowledgeable, skillful killers who were smashing cities in Poland, France, Belgium, Greece. He fought desperately, and he was still shot down. He managed to escape, get out of the cockpit of the burning plane, release the parachute. Tokarev did not let the offense dump him, he retained the main thing - courage. The first defeat he made for himself was a school. He verified his every move in that first fight. He looked for mistakes and found every single one. The creator of events in battle must be he himself, the pilot Georgy Tokarev. Not to wait for the enemy's decision, but to be the first to decide, to become the master of the battle from the first minute. And when the enemy senses this, he will be defeated. Sergeant Tokarev studied in combat.
In a battle against two "Messers" over tormented Stalingrad, it took him 30 minutes to shoot down one of them, but still he shot him down! Over Kursk, Georgy Tokarev participated in a battle against five hundred enemy aircraft and then saw what a real defeat of an enemy air armada looks like. But then he was already a lieutenant. By that time, he had already shot down eleven fascist aircraft in single and group battles. In June, the former sergeant was already in command of the squadron. That is why he was not ashamed to tell that in the first battle he was shot down. Eleven times he has already managed to pay for his first offense. "
2nd student... Front correspondent Yevgeny Krieger in his article "Twenty-Eight Russian Cannons" tells how our soldiers fought.
“July 1943 Kursk Bulge. Rokossovsky's soldiers. Here is one of them sitting next to me after an incredible battle that I do not understand. He is only 19 years old. My name is Nikolai Stepanovich Gavrilov. Despite the terrible fatigue, he openly and cheerfully meets your gaze and readily tries to explain that incomprehensible, seemingly exorbitant for human strength, for human will, that he and his comrades have just done.
He is so small and so pure in his eyes, with such ardent premeditation he speaks of his commanders and comrades that one would like to call him Kolenka like a son. His face and cheeks and ears are bruised and scratched with clotted blood. Death touched him with fragments of enemy shells, but failed and left. What happened there in the battle? Some part of our front was exposed. The infantry did not keep up with him. Only the gunners remained. After combat processing, fascist tanks moved into the vulnerable area with an avalanche. There were many, dozens, the earth trembled. Our guns opened fire. The tanks were burning, new and new ones were advancing behind them, they were hitting our guns with cannons. Finally Kolya Gavrilov saw with horror that he was left alone near the gun. His comrades are badly injured or killed. What should he do, little, fragile youth? Kolya decided to shoot from a wrecked gun, one for all, for bleeding friends, for the killed commander. He acted with their will, their soldierly staunch hatred of the enemy. He fired without a sight - the sight was torn off. He looked straight into the bore, trying to take the carcass of a tank going towards him into this dark round field.
It is difficult for one to shoot from a cannon, which is served in battle by six people. The sixth shell was fatal for the tank. The tank was dying in a greedy howling flame, and since our other guns were still firing and doing their job, the fascist tanks recoiled from the terrible place, turned in the direction, escaping death. Then he went down into the ditch, where the batteries of Salkov and Volynkin were moaning, trying to bandage them, but then a new shell lifted the cannon into the air, and Kolya was thrown to the ground by a blast wave. Stunned, bloody, exhausted, he alone dragged two comrades to the medical battalion. Only later did he learn that our artillerymen, including himself, on a dangerous, bare area six kilometers long, repulsed the attack of three hundred Nazi tanks.
I can imagine how collected, tense and furious the young artilleryman was, saving the day at his firing position, avenging his commander and his senior comrades. But I saw him infinitely kind and gentle. A faint smile flickered across his face. Yes, he won!
Rage and tenderness. Anger, but not anger. Ruthlessness towards the attackers, but condescension towards the prisoners. Striking the enemy, but saving his children from the fire. Persistent in a difficult battle, in an unfavorable environment, endlessly hardworking in titanic conditions, which the front demanded from the soldiers on each of the days of the war. Such were our soldiers in the war. And, above all, they were people convinced of their righteousness, of the sanctity of the cause for which they went to their death. "
5. Stories about the exploits of the partisans during the war.
Leading. Partisan detachments were formed in areas captured by the enemy. The elusive people's avengers haunted the Nazis day and night. And although war and children are incompatible, but it was so. Together with the adults, there were very young fighters in the partisan detachments. They made their way into the most vulnerable spots of the enemy, where it was more difficult for adults to penetrate, seized weapons, and collected valuable intelligence data for the front command. Their hands derailed hundreds of echelons with the Nazis, weapons and ammunition, and blew up many enemy military facilities.
What are the names of young underground workers known to you?
Tell us about their exploits.
1st student. Attacking communication centers and headquarters, the partisans constantly violated the control of hostilities. In Krasnodar, 14-year-old Vitya Sudak has repeatedly cut wires. The invaders were forced to strengthen their security. But Vitya found comfortable places and continued to act. Only in December 1942, the Gestapo managed to capture the young patriot. In Maykop, 13-year-old Zhenya Popov cut the wires almost every day. In the winter of 1942, he disabled the underground cable that connected Hitler with the command of Army Group Center.
2nd student. The whole country during the Great Patriotic War knew about the military affairs of Leni Golikov. His feat, accomplished on August 13, 1942, aroused particular admiration. By throwing a grenade, he crashed an enemy car on the Pskov-Luga road. The Nazis traveling in it were killed, but General Richard Virtue survived. He jumped out of the car and ran away. Golikov rushed after him. A skirmish ensued. The 16-year-old partisan emerged victorious from this fight. His well-aimed bullet overtook the occupier.
The general's briefcase contained very valuable documents. They were sent to Moscow. It was decided to celebrate the brave partisan with the highest award. But Lenya did not have time to get it. In one of the heavy battles, having destroyed a dozen Nazis, the young submachine gunner was killed (1943). Lena Golikov was posthumously (1944) awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
The legendary commander of the Sumy (Ukraine) partisan unit Sidor Artemyevich Kovpak, characterizing the composition of the partisan detachments, wrote: “more than half of the partisans are young people. They fight fearlessly. "
3rd student... More than a dozen fascist officers were killed by Zina Portnova while working in a canteen (Vitebsk region). Capturing a 16-year-old partisan, the Gestapo subjected her to inhuman torture for about a month. Then they decided to shake her spirit with flattering offers, but she stood firm.
During one of the interrogations, a fascist officer put a pistol on the table and said that if she didn’t say anything, they would shoot her. Zina managed to grab a pistol and shoot at the investigator. With the second bullet, she killed another officer who appeared at the door and jumped out the window. A submachine gunner was running towards her. Portnova pulled the trigger of the pistol, but there was no shot. The fascist wounded her in both legs with an automatic burst. The Nazis grabbed the bleeding patriot by the hair and dragged her to the Gestapo. There she was tortured.
Leading. The names of Viktor Tretyakevich, Zina Portnova, Oleg Koshevoy, Kuzma Galkin, Sasha Chekalin, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Vera Valyushina and thousands of other patriots tortured by the Nazis will forever remain in the people's memory. Know that they died in the name of a future victory. The Motherland highly appreciated the military merits of the country's young generation. During the war years, 36 thousand schoolchildren were awarded orders and medals. Three thousand young men and women were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 60 of them were awarded this title twice.
They performed heroic deeds without at all thinking about heroism. They defended their homeland.
6. Discussion of questions about the origins of mass heroism during the Great Patriotic War.
What gave the generation of the Great Patriotic War the determination and strength for deeds?
What are the origins of mass heroism?
Students reason.
Leading. There was a holy war against fascism. The peoples of our country were convinced of their righteousness, of the sanctity of the cause for which they are fighting. This conviction gave them the determination and strength for deeds that had previously seemed inconceivable, deeds unknown in the history of previous wars. Remember those who, in the name of their comrades, covered the barrel of a smashing machine gun with their bodies! Not only Guardsman Alexander Matrosov. There were many of them, without hesitation going to certain death in the name of a future, perhaps, distant Victory!
Almost every nation of our country gave its own Matrosov to the Motherland. The list of immortal heroes includes Ukrainian Nikolai Nosulya, Belarusian Sergei Suyunov, Azerbaijani Geray Asadov, Armenian Uzhan Avetisyan, Kirghiz Cholponbai Tuleberdiev, Tatar Gazinur Gafnatullin and many, many others.
When the mother of the Heroes of the Soviet Union Zoya and Alexander Kosmodemyansky was asked about the origins of the heroic deeds of her children, she replied: “Where did the courage and resilience and intransigence of yesterday's schoolchildren come from? Heroes are not born, they become. Thousands and thousands have become heroes, they were brought up by school, family, our literature, their whole life. "
For schoolchildren of the wartime, especially in the front-line and front-line areas, the study itself was a feat.
7. Demonstration of documentary footage from the film "Siege of Leningrad".
Leading. It was terrifying to look at these stunning shots. But Leningrad did not give up. Leningrad fought. Leningrad survived. During the cruel first siege winter of 1941-1942, School No. 367 of Leningrad also continued to work. This is about her students, the English journalist A. Werth, who visited the school at that time, said that the guys learned how they fought. Examples of unprecedented steadfastness in learning were shown by schoolchildren in Odessa, Sevastopol, Moscow, dozens of cities and towns. The homeland was in danger. She needed effective help from the student youth. Hundreds of thousands of young men and women in the extracurricular time actively helped industrial and transport enterprises to carry out urgent government assignments, participated in agricultural and other work to help the front.
High school students drove tractors, harvesters, serviced harvesters, threshers and other agricultural machines. Younger schoolchildren under the guidance of teachers, spikelets were collected in the fields that remained after the harvest. Tens of thousands of poods of grain were additionally received by the country from spikelets collected by caring children's hands.
1st student... When the Tyumen Plywood Mill received the task to organize the mass production of wooden hulls for anti-tank mines, there was an acute shortage of workers and the task was in jeopardy. Students of the 13th came to the rescue primary school Tyumen. A school workshop was organized, where 173 schoolchildren worked 2-3 hours a day. Soon, products made by the hands of young patriots went to the front.
2nd student... The places of qualified male workers of fish canning factories of the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug were occupied by women, girls, and teenage schoolchildren. Residents of the district did warm things, hunted furs, sent parcels to the soldiers of the Soviet Army, collected money for a fund to help families of servicemen. The main product of the district was fish, during the war years its catch amounted to 830.3 thousand centners.
Leading. This was the generation that went down in history as the generation of winners. At the cost of selfless courage and enormous sacrifices, fascism was defeated.
3rd student(reads a poem).
There was a mortal battle
The earth was boiling on fire.
The world was narrowed down to the slit of the sight,
But we, full of determination and faith,
He was returned to his original size.
V. Kochetkov
8. Discussion of issues on the continuity of generations - military and current.
Leading... On May 9, 2015, the country celebrated the 70th anniversary of the Great Victory over fascism. Our generation has had the honor to be equal to the feats of arms and labor of the military generation.
- How do you understand your duty to the wartime generation?
Students reason.
Against the background of the Eternal Flame (show slides) and sounding music, the student reads a poem:
WILL
Rising above the bed
In the hour of death
For his son he dictated:
I give you my native land
Which I won back again.
So as not to dare
No one to offend her,
You, continuing the glorious path of your father,
Grow big
To see all of her
Understand her soul to the end.
Write, sister, write ...
Our land is blizzard
Where you were born, -
So write -
Know how to love
Infinite love.
Know how to love
With all the tenderness of the soul.
Look my son
Do not spill drop by drop,
But, life, and work,
And loving glory
Learn courage
Do not even hope,
That someone will think for you.
The time will come
And dear spring
By the ripple of meadow grass
You will go into life
Don't go out without a song
Do not lower your merry head.
It is not given as a gift from above.
Knowing how to live and overcome everything,
I did everything,
So that you hear her
I recognized her and was able to conquer.
So that in a difficult hour
Any test
You have not extinguished faithfulness in your chest,
I wrote in a moment of clear consciousness
And in the fullness of their mental strength.
V. Federov
9. Concluding remarks by the presenter.
Leading... Time has transformed past battlefields beyond recognition. Our attitude towards Germany is changing, Russian girls marry Germans, Germans marry Russian women. But there is something that is not subject to time. Memory of those who fought for their Motherland during the Great Patriotic War.
Memory does not know old age, and it is this memory that will help preserve the memories of the war in every person.
Nikolay Zemtsov: Victory is undoubtedly the property of our peoples. But all of this is cynically used to ensure that this reputation and these facts serve the benefit of other nations. I cannot call it anything other than theft. And I can't understand how you can take a photo showing Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt, and simply cut off our Supreme Commander-in-Chief from him, say that they liberated Europe and absolutely calmly educate the younger generation on this. So that generation of people has grown up that has an absolutely inverted view of history.
Sergey Azarenok: When the Cold War ended, all peoples breathed a sigh of relief. It seemed that at last all the eyes of the people would be directed towards the world. But if you look at it from the height of today, the "cold war" is over, but we can observe its invisible part today in the form of an information war. An asymmetric war in the sphere of meanings, it is already bringing its victories, which, unfortunately, are not on our side. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the collapse of the Warsaw Pact, the expulsion of the liberators from the territory of the countries of Eastern Europe these are the victories of our information opponents in the information war. Now it is entering its most acute phase, and we need to be ready for this.
Alexander Lugin: Therefore, you must tell the truth all the time. Especially with what blood and what losses we got the Victory. And then you begin to hear such statements: not so many people were killed, fascism did not rage, but candy was given. When we conduct prospecting work in Belarus, we are still faced with terrible facts. The burial places of prisoners of war are especially impressive. For example, now we are conducting excavations in Borisov, at the site of Camp 382. See for yourself (shows a photo taken during excavations. Author): The corpses of the soldiers are stacked, the grave is one and a half by two meters, and there are 18-20 people there. Here is an argument for those who justify fascist criminals. In total, there were 260 camps for prisoners of war and civilians on the territory of Belarus. For the fifth year we have been digging at the site of the camp in Grodno and, probably, not the last soldiers were exhumed. To date, the remains of more than four thousand Soviet soldiers have been discovered. This is what we need to talk about, this is what we need to show.
Anatoly Sharkov: Probably, we need to publish such photos more and present them in the media. mass media... And, if we talk about a specific historical fact, then document your words. So many documents have already passed through my hands, but sometimes you read and wonder: could people really mock people like that? And the worst thing is that mostly from their compatriots. Nikolay Zemtsov: The time has come when we need to introduce the facts that we have into those technologies that are perceived by both the youth audience and the world community as a whole. First of all, these are cinematography, the Internet and all kinds of publications, including books. I think it is appropriate at the state level of Belarus and Russia to create some kind of content for our Union State, which could coordinate the peoples of our two countries. We would take these incredible historical facts and would bring them to the audience in a consolidated manner in a form convenient for it. To a certain extent, we have mastered these technologies. We just have to unite.
Anatoly Sharkov: The memory is constantly being destroyed. Take, for example, such memory carriers as a monument or a military grave. A lot of them have survived in Europe. But we see what is happening in the same Poland, where the monument to Chernyakhovsky was demolished. And he, by the way, together with his army liberated this country. Of course, it's better to remove it, and then you can say what you want. The monuments are transferred under an outwardly plausible pretext, they say, to collect in one place, perhaps, then in one place and destroy. I understand that there are situations when the remains of soldiers need to be exhumed, but in this case, they need to be reburied in a worthy place. And if we let these carriers of memory take their course, if we do not talk about them, if we do not create films, exhibitions, books, then we will lose everything. And here it is very opportune to unite the efforts of Belarus and Russia, other states that objectively relate to the history of the Great Patriotic War. Only through joint efforts can we do something to preserve the memory of the war, about what our fathers and grandfathers told us.
Elena Kalgin: We talk a lot about the upbringing of the younger generation. But mostly we are talking about young people. At the same time, the older generation also needs to be educated and encouraged to preserve memory, because if we focus our efforts only on children, but they return to families where they do not value the traditions of their ancestors, all work will not be useful.
Alexander Lugin: I believe that every family should have a corner that would tell about the heroism of their ancestors. Yes, and May 9 should be celebrated as it should be, and June 22 should be reminded why we consider this day a day of sorrow and how many people died in that terrible war. I made portraits of my grandfather and grandfather wife, posted them on my page in in social networks with thanks. My grandfather is a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, a partisan, and fought in the Finnish one. Thank God, I came back, I managed to tell. I would have been more adult, I would have asked more. But they were also laconic ...
Nikolay Zemtsov: Indeed, the greatest legacy is kept in families. And we need to present it to the world. When Sergei Ivanovich showed the logo with the symbols of the allied countries, but without the USSR, I was not surprised. I understand that this is a shot. Therefore, we need our own exhibitions in Europe, where the data that we need will be shown. And I hope that, starting next year, joint Belarusian-Russian exhibitions will be held in Europe. Moreover, there is an opportunity to conduct them with a full house. And this will be to the great delight of that part of Europe that has preserved its memory, which, like us, is outraged by this impudent modification of history. There are still such people in Europe. Often these are the descendants of the soldiers of the anti-Hitler coalition. They need to give them a shoulder, give them a breath of fresh air.
Great grandfather. How are you, if you have them at all. Everything is fine with us, we live on the sly, and we are raising your great-grandchildren. I haven't looked at you for a long time.
Okay, I know that you know everything. You probably know that I stopped by to see you only against the backdrop of the Victory Day. After all, soon the living will celebrate seventy years since the end of that war. And this time we are walking on a grand scale, we remember all of you dead and alive. We remember your heroic past. Especially those of us who still found your Soviet Union. Yes, it was your Union of Peoples, which you built and defended, who lived with you while you had the strength to lead an active lifestyle. We now speak like that. Friendship forged in the fire of war ... ..
Grandfather, you can no longer forgive. Too many of these loud words, I know you've heard them already in all your past life... And then the grandson took up your political training, he does not give you peace of mind, even in heaven.
And you, what else would you like to hear. After all, I have not seen you and not once, you died in the year when I was born. I was named after you. I only heard that you were a heroic soldier. Medals, orders, scout, war invalid. Yesterday I climbed the Internet, but there was such a hero, but that's all, just documents. I don’t know how alive you really were. In the photo there is a healthy, smiling man, with such a smile, after all, they never lose heart. Well, what else do I know about you. You raised three daughters and a son. You managed to build three houses, and in turn live in each of them. It is quite, quite worthy, to build a house, you cannot buy it. I also remember, I remember your prostheses, in that old house in the attic. Well, remember your prostheses, because you were rich in them. Five different pairs of ankles, from wooden pirate feet to plastic almost today. I remember, I remember that color under the skin, I remember exactly that roughness of your foot. After all, I ran with your prosthesis, instead of a grenade launcher, drenched our enemy in the dreams. What to take from me, because I was then a child. Now ask for the memory, ask me for the fact that I know little about you. Well, why are you silent, maybe then you will answer, where did so much strength come from in you. Go through the war, raise children, build houses, smile, and most importantly stand so firmly on your feet. Where do these people come from, who created them and where. You say there will be people like that among the heroes of our days, but maybe I don’t argue, but you, the same were half of the country. And at my expense, nature is resting, I think that such a force does not belong to me. I'm afraid I'm like that prosthesis compared to a living leg. I’m not a military man, and not a builder, but I walk, but I don’t live like you, and I don’t have your smile, and I don’t stand firmly on my feet like you. Although wait, I have children, and there was such an iron grandfather. You are like a root under the ground, a sprout of a future tree, and the name of the tree will be a new kind. Thank you, grandfather for this, thank you for teaching how to live alive, of course thank you grandfather and for the victory. And for our prosthesis, please, forgive me.
© Alexey Egorr. 04/21/15.
Comments 4
Something, Egorr, no comments.
And you, Yegorr, have your own prosthesis!
The same age as your grandfather, a little younger than him.
A person is already creating an artificial heart, what can we say about prostheses. But if we talk about mine, my prosthesis turned out to be too alien to me, and only because of this I noticed it and removed it.
The question is how to notice if there is no clear living example, I had one, thanks to him.
Best regards, Alexey Egorr.
Conversation on the topic: "Victory Day!"
Fostering a sense of patriotism, pride in your country;
Fostering respect for the elderly: war veterans, home front workers - participants great Victory, feelings of pride in the victorious people;
Teacher: Guys, today, on the eve of the great holiday - Victory Day, we will talk with you about the Great Patriotic War.
The sun is shining on Victory Day
And it will always shine for us.
In the fierce battles our grandfathers
They managed to defeat the enemy.
The columns are going in an even formation,
And songs are pouring here and there,
And in the sky of hero cities
Festive fireworks are sparkling!
Teacher: More than 73 years ago, on June 22, 1941, the war began. War. The word is short but scary.
With whom did our people fight? (With the fascists). The fascists wanted to take over our country and turn our people into slaves. But they didn’t succeed. All our people stood up to fight them
It was hard for everyone during the war. The women stood behind the machines, they worked day and night, releasing weapons, shells, tanks, aircraft for the front. The teenagers also got up to the machines, they prepared cartridge cases for cartridges, assembled rifles, sewed clothes for soldiers. There was also a lot of work in the fields, someone had to plow the land, sow grain and grow it, because a person needs food. People sacrificed everything, their health, time, sleep. Children rarely laughed on the streets, because even the smallest inhabitants of our country had their own responsibilities. After all, everyone really wanted the war to end as soon as possible. On May 9, 1945, this long-awaited day came - the Great Patriotic War ended.
Victory Day! Long-awaited holiday!
Peaceful blue skies.
People on Earth remember, countries -
The war ended on that day.
First day of peace! Spring! The soldiers were happy to see that the gardens were blooming, birds were singing, people were smiling at each other. And no one can break their homeland, never! The people rejoiced and sang, their faces sparkled with smiles and right in the streets they were circling in a victorious waltz. People went out into the streets, hugged and kissed, completely unfamiliar, but so close and dear to each other, having lived through so many terrible days together. And now they were united by one thing - the joy of Victory, the joy of the world, the joy of the cloudless sky.
Now those who fought many years ago are still alive, but every year there are fewer and fewer of them. They have grown old, it is difficult for them even to walk. They are called veterans (showing pictures) They need help. How can you help them? (Answers of children). Take care of them! Ask them to talk about how they fought.
May 9 - all the people of our Motherland and other countries who live and want to live in peace and friendship celebrate a big and joyful day - Victory Day! On May 9, victory parades are held in all cities.
The trumpets are singing, the drums are thundering -
The troops are starting the parade.
Here are the infantrymen, well done,
Glorious, brave our fighters.
Hear the motors are buzzing high above
From the sky, sending greetings to the country.
Then a fast plane is flying
The brave pilot is driving.
The windows are ringing, the earth trembled -
Tanks are moving, thundering and dust,
Tanks are moving, going to the parade,
Young tankers are sitting in them.
If you see a person with orders on May 9, then come and congratulate him on the holiday, say “thank you” to him for protecting our Motherland from enemies. For the fact that we are now rejoicing, laughing, playing, we owe our grandfathers and grandmothers, who in fierce battles and battles defended this joyful day and asked us never to forget about it. Veterans will be pleased that we all remember that difficult Victory.
Front-line wounds ache and ache,
Which marked the war ..
We are with you, dear veterans!
Our whole country bows to you!
Front-line wounds ache and ache ...
Alas, it's getting harder and harder to walk ...
We are with you, dear veterans!
We bow low to you again!
