Presentation on the topic "List of Umk for elementary school." Curricula for primary school: let's figure it out together Umk used in primary school
Topic: PROGRAMS (UMK) OF A MODERN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Currently, there are two systems for preparing children in primary school: traditional and developmental. Each has its own programs.
The traditional programs include: “Primary School of the 21st Century”, “School 2100”, “School of Russia”, “Harmony”, “Prospective Primary School”, “Classical Primary School”, “Planet of Knowledge”, “Perspective”. Developmental systems include two programs: L.V. Zankova and D.B. Elkonina - V.V. Davydova.
Different programs may be used within the same school. Regardless of the program, the student has the opportunity to obtain the same knowledge required by the state standard. Tasks of increased difficulty, which are associated only with developmental systems, are included in all programs, but are not mandatory for study.
School of Russia
The traditional program “School of Russia” (edited by A. Pleshakov) has existed for decades. This set has been operating as a single unit since 2001. This is one of the most famous and popular educational and methodological kits for teaching in primary school. The educational complex is constantly updated and is a reliable tool for implementing the second generation standard.
All textbooks are included in the Federal List of Textbooks recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and meet the requirements of the current State Standard; ensure continuity with preschool and basic general education. The educational complex was created based on new theoretical concepts; provides general methodological approaches to teaching all subjects at the primary level; will allow the child to adapt to the school community, accumulate the necessary knowledge and skills for further successful education; The individual characteristics of children are fully taken into account.
main idea programs: “School of Russia” is created in Russia and for Russia. Program School of Russia should become a school of spiritual and moral development. This is the kind of school that Russia will deserve.
Learning Objectives: 1) creating conditions for the development of the personality of a junior schoolchild, the realization of his abilities, support for individuality;
2) primary schoolchildren’s mastery of a system of knowledge, general educational and subject skills;
3) developing a child’s interest in learning and the ability to learn;
4) formation of health-saving skills, training in the basics of safe life.
Principles: priority of upbringing in the educational process;
- personality-oriented and activity-based nature of training;
- a combination of innovative approaches with the traditions of domestic education.
The educational and methodological course “Teaching literacy and speech development” by the authors V. G. Goretsky, V. A. Kiryushkin, L. A. Vinogradskaya meets all modern training requirements. During the period of literacy training, work is carried out to develop children's phonetic hearing, teach basic reading and writing, enrich the vocabulary and develop speech. The set includes two types of copybooks: copybooks by V. G. Goretsky, N. A. Fedosova and “Miracle Copybook” by V. A. Ilyukhina. Their distinctive feature is that they not only develop the skills of competent, calligraphic writing, but also provide the opportunity to correct handwriting at different stages of learning and in different age groups. To develop the cognitive abilities of each child in the Mathematics course, the topics of the tasks have been updated, a variety of geometric material has been introduced, and entertaining tasks have been given that develop children’s logical thinking and imagination. Great importance is attached to comparison, comparison, contrast of related concepts, tasks, clarification of similarities and differences in the facts under consideration.
Primary school XXI century
Primary school XXI century edited by N.F. Vinogradova. This kit takes a very serious look at the problem of forming the educational activity of a primary school student, and this is the only kit that has a parallel program “Learning Activities”. The material in this program is designed for strong, erudite children. What knowledge a student will have when moving on to secondary school depends on the primary school teacher. Therefore, the main goal is to teach the child to learn. It is important that Vinogradova’s set realizes the child’s right to their individuality: children are placed in conditions where they can independently acquire knowledge, apply it, think, fantasize, play (special notebooks are provided “Learning to think and fantasize”, “Learning to understand the world around us”). The material in textbooks, workbooks and teaching aids is aimed at solving the problems facing primary general education at the present stage of social development. Since its inception in 1997, the main didactic idea of the “Primary School of the 21st Century” program has been a systemic activity approach. Children trained using these textbooks invariably show good results.
The educational complex “Primary School of the XXI Century” is built on principles common to all academic subjects.
1. Student-centered learning involves: supporting the child’s individuality; providing opportunities for each child to work at their own pace; creating conditions for mandatory successful activities; training in the zone of “proximal development”, creating conditions for the realization of the student’s creative potential.
2. Natural conformity of training is considered as compliance of the content, forms of organization and means of teaching with the psychological capabilities and characteristics of children of primary school age, providing assistance to students who experience learning difficulties; creating conditions for the growth of creative potential and the successful development of gifted children.
3. The principle of paedocentrism involves the selection of educational content that is most adequate to the needs of children of this age stage of development, knowledge, skills, and universal actions that are most relevant for younger schoolchildren. This takes into account the need for socialization of the child, his awareness of his place not only in the world, in the school community.
4. The principle of cultural conformity makes it possible to provide the student with the best cultural objects from different spheres of life (science, art, architecture, folk art, etc.) for knowledge, which allows for the integration of connections between the student’s educational and extracurricular activities.
5. Organization of the learning process in the form of educational dialogue (dialogic nature of the educational process) includes the teacher’s orientation towards a democratic style of relationship between teachers and students; giving the child the right to make mistakes, his own opinion, choice of educational task and activity partner.
6. Continuity and prospects of training. Establishment of successive connections between the methodological teaching system and preschool, as well as the main link of education.
School 2100
School 2100 edited by A.A. Leontyev (scientific supervisor - L.G. Peterson). The main advantage of this program is its deep continuity and continuity of education. Under this program, children can study from the age of three until they enter university. All textbooks in the program are built taking into account the psychological specifics of age. In the process of teaching the educational curriculum in accordance with the activity approach, the task of forming a functionally literate personality is realized. Using different subject content, the student learns to acquire new knowledge and look for answers to questions that arise. All textbooks in the program are built taking into account the psychological specifics of age. A characteristic feature of this educational program is the minimax principle. He assumes that the authors of textbooks and the teacher give the student the opportunity (if he wants) to take the material to the maximum. The textbooks contain abundant information for this purpose, allowing the student to make personal choices. At the same time, the most important facts, the Program teaches children to act independently and is aimed at developing logical thinking, speech, imagination, and memory.
The main goal of the OS "School 2100"- teach a child to study independently, organize his activities, obtain the necessary knowledge, analyze it, systematize and apply it in practice, set goals and achieve them, adequately evaluate his activities.
Features of OS "School 2100":Systematicity. All textbooks and teaching aids are based on common approaches to content, maintain methodological unity, and use the same basic educational technologies.
Continuity. Children from the age of 3 until graduation learn to effectively use their knowledge and skills. The presence of a consistent chain of educational tasks throughout education, objective and subjective progress of students at each of the successive time periods.
Continuity. Continuity is understood as continuity at the boundaries of various stages or forms of education, a unified organization of these stages or forms within the framework of an integral education system.
Perspective program
Program “Perspective” (edited by L.F.
Klimanova, Goretsky V.G., Dorofeev G.V., Pleshakova A.A.) was created on a basis that reflects modern achievements in the field of psychology and pedagogy, while maintaining a close connection with the best traditions of classical school education. The program ensures the availability of knowledge and high-quality assimilation of program material, the comprehensive development of the personality of a primary school student, taking into account his age characteristics, interests and needs. The educational and methodological complex “Perspective” was created on a conceptual basis that reflects modern achievements in the field of psychology and pedagogy, while maintaining a close connection with the best traditions of classical Russian school education.
The main goal system of textbooks “Perspective” is the creation of an information and educational environment that ensures the inclusion of each child in independent educational activities, during which conditions are created for the reliable achievement of personal, meta-subject and subject results determined by the Federal State Educational Standard for mastering the basic educational program of primary general education through the formation of universal educational activities as the foundations of leading educational competence - the ability to learn. Fundamental Principles kit are: humanistic, the principle of historicism, communicative and the principle of creative activity.
A special place in the educational complex “Perspective” is given to the formation of spiritual and moral values, acquaintance with the cultural and historical heritage of the world and Russia, with the traditions and customs of the peoples inhabiting the Russian Federation. The textbooks include tasks for independent, pair and group work, project activities, as well as materials that can be used in extracurricular and extracurricular activities. The educational complex uses a unified navigation system for teachers, students and parents, which helps to work with information, organize and structure educational material, plan student activities in the lesson, organize homework, and develop independent work skills.
Promising Primary School
The main idea of the “Prospective Primary School” program (headed by N.A. Churakova) is the optimal development of each child based on pedagogical support for his individuality (age, abilities, interests, inclinations, development) in the conditions of specially organized educational activities, where the student acts the role of the learner, sometimes in the role of a teacher, sometimes in the role of an organizer of a learning situation. The concept of educational learning is based on the humanistic belief that all children are capable of learning successfully if the necessary conditions are created for them. Taking into account the age of students makes the learning process successful. All textbooks in the set provide teachers with opportunities to implement the regional component. A system of tasks of different levels of difficulty, a combination of a child’s individual educational activity with his work in small groups and participation in club work make it possible to provide conditions under which learning goes ahead of development, that is, in the zone of proximal development of each student based on taking into account the level of his actual development and personal interests. What a student cannot do individually, he can do with the help of a deskmate or in a small group. And what is difficult for a specific small group becomes understandable in the process of collective activity. A high degree of differentiation of questions and tasks and their number allow the primary school student to work in the conditions of his current development and create opportunities for his individual advancement.
Basic principles of the concept "Promising Primary School":
The principle of continuous overall development of each child.
The principle of the integrity of the picture of the world.
The principle of taking into account the individual capabilities and abilities of schoolchildren.
Principles of strength and visibility.
The principle of protecting and strengthening the mental and physical health of children.
As a result of mastering the subject content, each student has the opportunity to acquire general educational skills. Master those methods of activity that meet the requirements of the state educational standard. These are, first of all, the initial skills of searching for the necessary information in dictionaries, reference books, and the library catalog. A unified system of symbols in all textbooks is designed to organize individual, pair, group and collective work.
Primary innovative school
The textbook system “Primary Innovative School” is an educational and methodological set (UMK) for a four-year primary school, created in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard. Target Educational and educational complex "Primary innovative school"- to provide in the educational process a meaningful, organizational and informational field for the development of the personality of a junior schoolchild in accordance with his individual characteristics.
To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved in the educational complex: - determining the individual characteristics and capabilities of the child, the patterns of his development to optimize the educational process in primary school; - formation and development of personal, regulatory, cognitive and communicative universal educational actions in students; - development and education of the personality of a junior schoolchild by mastering spiritual, moral, civil, patriotic, labor, environmental and aesthetic values; - development of the personality of a junior schoolchild, psychophysically, spiritually and socially healthy, possessing theoretical and practical skills in preserving and strengthening his own health and the health of others; - formation of a child’s picture of the world through broadening his horizons, increasing his erudition, and gaining new knowledge about nature and society.
The convenient structure of the textbook “Literary Reading”, fairy-tale characters and the game form of presenting the material contribute to the assimilation of the most important literary concepts.
The main features of the mathematics course (B.P. Geidman) are: a harmonious combination of arithmetic, geometric and logical components of the course; content of knowledge necessary for orientation in the modern world, in information and computer technologies, for preparation for future professional activities, for continuing education; acquisition by students of logical and algorithmic thinking skills, as well as the development of their spatial imagination and intuition;
present, analyze and interpret data; inclusion of computer science assignments from grade 3.
The course on “The World around us” is based on: a concentric structure of the author’s program, ensuring a consistent expansion and deepening of knowledge in accordance with the main content lines; integration of scientific and artistic-imaginative ways of understanding the world around us.
The educational educational complex “Primary Innovative School” combines the advantages of a developmental education system and a traditional school.
This system provides for work with special children, both gifted and inclusive classes. UMC is implementing a program to promote a healthy and safe lifestyle for primary schoolchildren. Particular attention is paid to the program for the spiritual and moral development of students. This textbook system harmoniously combines extracurricular activities.
Program “RHYTHM” (“Development. Individuality. Creativity. Thinking”)Educational and methodological complex “Development. Individuality. Creativity Thinking" (authors Ramzaeva T.G., Timchenko L.I., Muravin G.K., Saplina E.V.) (RITHM) was created on the basis of the educational complex "Classical Primary School", the main feature of which is the combination of modern approaches to solving methodological problems and practice-tested principles of didactics, which allows schoolchildren to achieve consistently high educational results.
Study lines in basic subjects are provided with didactic
materials, tests and sets of visual aids. All components of the UMK
integrated into a single methodological system. They are distinguished by a combination of modern approaches to solving methodological problems and practice-tested principles of didactics, which allows schoolchildren to achieve consistently high educational results. Educational and training complexes of all subject lines that form the complex provide sustainable motivation for junior schoolchildren to learn, the implementation of subject, meta-subject and personal results outlined in the Federal State Educational Standards of LEO, the formation of universal learning activities (UAL) as the basis of the ability to learn and readiness for self-development.
Features of the program"RHYTHM":- integration of all subjects of the primary school curriculum; - variability at all levels; - extensive information and educational environment; - use of modern educational resources.
Basic principles for realizing learning goals. Every child:
Must be successful;
Included in active educational and cognitive activities;
Gets the opportunity to reveal your individuality;
Learns to think creatively and independently, communicate meaningfully with peers and adults.
Set of textbooks "RHYTHM" represents a unified information and educational environment for primary schools. The textbooks, developed on a single conceptual basis, organically combine the traditions of the national primary school, dating back to K. D. Ushinsky, and the latest achievements of modern psychology and primary teaching methods. The information and educational environment of the “RITHM” program is supplemented by workbooks, multimedia applications, dictionaries, didactic materials, simulators, reading books, teaching aids, and sets of demonstration tables. The ability to choose an educational path and the unified information and educational environment of the RITM complex ensures the effectiveness of the implementation of the main educational program of an educational institution.
Palaneta of knowledge
An organic part of the concept of the “Planet of Knowledge” program (authors Andrianova T.M., Bashmakov M.I., Ivchenkova G.G.) are the author’s subject concepts, which take into account modern scientific achievements in the subject area of knowledge and the result of many years of teaching practice. The main feature of this program is its integrity - the unity of the structure of the textbooks, the unity of the forms of the educational process, the unity of the educational schemes used, the unity of the through lines of standard tasks, the unity of approaches to the organization of educational and extracurricular activities. An important role in the formation of universal educational activities is played by the general structure of all textbooks in the set. Route sheets preceding each topic clearly represent the educational tasks facing primary schoolchildren. Highlighting invariant and variable content of the material on the pages of textbooks and a multi-level system of tasks provide the opportunity to organize the educational process taking into account the student population and create individual educational trajectories. All the structural components of the “Planet of Knowledge” kit allow, first of all, to develop in students such general educational skills and abilities as: the ability to solve creative problems at the level of combinations and improvisations; work with educational, artistic and popular science texts; master the initial skills of searching for the necessary information; independently establish a sequence of actions to solve a learning task. At the same time, the importance of children’s assimilation of knowledge and mastery of skills as means of development remains, but they are not considered as an end in themselves of primary education.
Implementation principle of choice(tasks, type of activity, partner, etc.) allows each student to study at the highest level possible for him, to realize his interests and inclinations, relieves excessive emotional and intellectual stress, and contributes to the formation of positive internal motives for learning.
Differentiated approach to training according to the educational complex “Planet of Knowledge” can be implemented at several levels: at the level of material - basic and increased complexity (variable), differentiated tasks, elective tasks; by type of activity - search, creative, intellectual, research, design; in project activities - by forms of work (individual, collective), by role performed (professional and social).
Implementation in a set of intersubject and intrasubject connections helps younger schoolchildren maintain and recreate the integrity of their picture of the world, see various connections between objects and phenomena, ensures their holistic development, taking into account age and psychological characteristics.
Developmental system L.V. Zankova
The Zankov system (authors N.V. Nechaeva, Sviridova V.Yu., Dmitrieva N.Ya., Arginskaya I.I., Benenson E.P.) relies on the student’s independence, his creative comprehension of the material. The teacher does not give schoolchildren the truth, but forces them to “get to the bottom” themselves. The scheme here is the reverse of the traditional one. First, examples are given, and students themselves must draw theoretical conclusions. The learned material is also reinforced with practical assignments. For example, schoolchildren are already introduced to the concept of “Parts of Speech” in the first year of study, and they must come to an understanding of these concepts on their own. The task of teaching is to give a general picture of the world based on science, literature, and art. The program is aimed at the comprehensive development of the child; it teaches children to obtain information themselves, rather than receive it ready-made.
Didactic principles of the Zankov program:
Training at a high level of difficulty in compliance with the measure of difficulty;
The leading role of theoretical knowledge;
Awareness of the learning process;
Fast pace of learning material;
Work on the development of every child, including the weak.
Going through educational material “in a spiral”.
Wide integration of training courses in which connections at different levels are implemented (meta-subject, inter-subject and intra-subject) makes it possible to achieve the main objective of training in the L.V. system. Zankov - to present students with a broad, holistic picture of the world through the means of science, literature, art and direct knowledge.
With an integrated approach to structuring the content of a new educational topic, all topics already studied related to it are updated, which makes it possible to formulate multidimensional tasks. In such tasks, combinations, different levels of generalization, theoretical and practical material from different sections of the academic subject, knowledge are also presented at different levels: reproductive, logical, problematic, creative. With such a wide field of opportunities, every child will find a niche for development, including gifted ones and those in need of pedagogical support.
A common feature of the entire system of textbooks is that the same educational content can be presented in the form of visual or verbal images, in the form of a theory, in the form of a selection of empirical facts, etc. The variety of presentation of educational content allows you to activate different types of thinking - visual-effective, visual-figurative, verbal-figurative, verbal-logical (theoretical); different types of perception and processing of information - auditory, visual and kinesthetic, and in general creates the prerequisites for the individualization of learning and the strength of knowledge acquisition. The same object (phenomenon) is viewed from as many sides as possible. Knowledge becomes valuable, acquires personal significance and practical meaning. This gives each student the opportunity to show their strengths and develop insufficiently developed ones.
System of D. B. Elkonin - V. V. Davydov
In this program, a special place is given to theoretical knowledge and the logical side of learning. The level of subjects taught is extremely difficult. The Elkonin-Davydov education system (authors Repkin V.V., Lomakovich S.V., Matveeva E.I., Aleksandrova E.I., Davydov V.V.) involves the formation of a large set of skills among elementary school graduates. The child must learn to look for missing information when faced with a new task and test his own hypotheses. Moreover, the system assumes that the younger student will independently organize interaction with the teacher and other students, analyze and critically evaluate his own actions and the points of view of his partners. This system is suitable for those who want to develop in a child not so much the ability to analyze, but the ability to think unusually and deeply. In this system, however, the lack of marks can be intimidating. But experts assure that everything is under control: teachers communicate all the necessary recommendations and wishes to parents and collect a kind of portfolio of students’ creative works. It serves as an indicator of academic progress instead of the usual diary. In the Elkonin-Davydov system, the emphasis is not on the result - acquired knowledge, but on the methods of comprehending it. In other words, the student may not remember something, but he must know where and how, if necessary, to fill this gap. Another feature: children learn not only that two and two make four, but also why four and not seven, eight, nine or twelve. In class, the principles of language construction, the origin and structure of numbers, etc. are studied. Knowledge of the rules, based on an understanding of their reasons, certainly stays stronger in the head.
In the Elkonin-Davydov system, training is structured in accordance with three principles: 1. The subject of assimilation is general methods of action - methods of solving a class of problems. This is where learning the subject begins. In the future, the general method of action is specified in relation to particular cases. The program is designed in such a way that in each subsequent section the already mastered method of action is concretized and developed.
2. Mastering a general method in no case can be its message - information about it. It should be structured as an educational activity, starting with a subject-based practical action. The real objective action is further collapsed into a model-concept. In the model, the general method of action is fixed in its “pure form.”
3. Student work is structured as a search and testing of means to solve a problem. Therefore, a student’s judgment that differs from the generally accepted one is considered not as a mistake, but as a test of thought.
ABOUT main learning goal– formation of a system of scientific concepts, as well as educational independence and initiative. Its achievement is possible because knowledge (models) act not as information about objects, but as a means of finding, deducing or constructing them. The student learns to determine the possibilities and limitations of his actions and look for resources for their implementation. Learning outcome according to the Elkonin-Davydov program - upon leaving school, have a developed, free personality.
Training systems L.V. Zankova and D.B. Elkonina - V.V. Davydov still raises many questions and discussions. There are most often two reasons for this. The first is that in most modern schools it is impossible to create conditions in which these educational systems will work as the authors intended. The second is that there are few enthusiastic teachers who are ready to follow the teaching technology, and without this it is impossible to achieve good results. The structure of these programs does not imply a clear division into topics, there is no usual selection of rules that need to be learned, there are no tasks of the same type arranged in a row. These training programs imply a completely new approach to the learning process - more creative, requiring children to be active and inquisitive. The teacher acts not as a mentor, but as a friend and assistant who guides the children's thinking. The purpose of these programs is to teach the child to think outside the box. A general drawback of the Zankov and Elkonin-Davydov systems: they do not receive a worthy continuation at higher levels of school education.
Program "Harmony"
Educational and methodological set “Harmony” (edited by N.B. Istomin (mathematics), M.S. Soloveichik and N.S. Kuzmenko (Russian language), O.V. Kubasov (literary reading), O.T. Poglazova (the world around us), N.M. Konysheva (labor training)) is successfully practiced in many schools.
This program identifies common goals and objectives for all academic subjects, identifies priority teaching methods and forms of organizing educational activities. The advantages of this program: there is advanced learning, the included textbooks contain a methodological part, with the help of which parents can study and explain to the child the missed topic. The program uses new teaching technologies that allow you to develop your child’s logical thinking abilities. It is also noteworthy that the set offers tasks designed for children of different levels of preparedness. But there are also disadvantages: in mathematics, problem solving begins only in the second grade, and the tests are offered the same for all grades.
Textbooks of the “Harmony” program are a methodological tool that makes it possible to implement modern requirements for the content and organization of education for junior schoolchildren and thereby ensure the achievement of the results of primary education provided for by the Federal State Educational Standard - personal development children, their spiritual and moral education, the formation of specific subject skills and complex universal learning activities(regulatory, cognitive, communicative).
One of main tasks authors "Harmony" program was the development of ways to organize the educational activities of primary schoolchildren, providing comfortable conditions for the development of the child in the process of mastering knowledge, skills and abilities that correspond to the curriculum and the requirements of the primary educational standard.
The following are implemented in the Harmony educational complex: ways of organizing students’ educational activities related to setting a learning task, its solution, self-control and self-esteem; ways of organizing productive communication, which is a necessary condition for the formation of educational activities; methods of forming concepts that ensure awareness of cause-and-effect relationships, patterns and dependencies at a level accessible to primary school age.
All textbooks of UMK "Harmony" are excluded from the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education, by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated January 26, 2016. N 38.
All current programs are approved and recommended by the Ministry of Education and tested in practice. Moreover, the learning outcomes for any of the programs are focused on a single educational standard. This means that the list of knowledge and skills that a primary school graduate should have is common to everyone.
Educational and methodological complex “School of Russia” (edited by A. Pleshakov) Publishing house “Prosveshchenie”. Website:
The traditional School of Russia program has existed for decades. The author himself emphasizes that this kit was created in Russia and for Russia. The main goal of the program is “to develop a child’s interest in learning about his country and its spiritual greatness, its significance on a global scale.” The traditional program allows you to thoroughly develop the academic skills (reading, writing, counting) that are necessary for successful learning in secondary school.
System of textbooks “School of Russia”: 1. ABC - V.G. Goretsky, V.A. Kiryushkin, L.A. Vinogradskaya, etc. 2. Russian language - V.P. Kanakina, V.G. Goretsky. 3. Russian language – L.M. Zelenina, etc. 4. Literary reading - L.F. Klimanova, V.G. Goretsky, M.V. Golovanova, etc. 5. English language - V.P. Kuzovlev, E.Sh. Peregudova, S.A. Pastukhova and others 6. English language (extended content of teaching a foreign language) - I.N. Vereshchagina, K.A. Bondarenko, T.A. Pritykina. 7. German language - I.L. Beam, L.I. Ryzhova, L.M. Fomicheva. 8. French - A.S. Kuligina, M.G. Kiryanova. 9. Spanish - A.A. Voinova, Yu.A. Bukharova, K.V.Moreno. 10. Mathematics - M.I.Moro, S.V. Stepanova, S.I. Volkova. 11. Computer Science - A.L. Semenov, T.A. Rudnichenko. 12. The world around us - A.A. Pleshakov and others 13. Fundamentals of spiritual and moral cultures of the peoples of Russia - A.V. Kuraev, D.I. Latyshina, M.F. Murtazin and others 14. Music - E.D. Kritskaya, G.P. Sergeeva, T.S. Shmagina. 15. Fine arts - L.A. Nemenskaya, E.I. Koroteeva, N.A. Goryaeva. 16. Technology - N.I. Rogovtseva, N.V. Bogdanova and others 17. Physical culture - V.I. Lyakh.
Educational and methodological complex “Perspective” (edited by L.F. Klimanova) Publishing house “Prosveshchenie”. Website:
The educational and methodological complex “Perspective” has been produced since 2006. The educational complex includes lines of textbooks in the following subjects: “Teaching literacy”, “Russian language”, “Literary reading”, “Mathematics”, “The world around us”, “Technology”. The educational and methodological complex “Perspective” was created on a conceptual basis that reflects modern achievements in the field of psychology and pedagogy, while maintaining a close connection with the best traditions of classical Russian school education.
The educational complex ensures the availability of knowledge and high-quality assimilation of program material, the comprehensive development of the personality of a primary school student, taking into account his age characteristics, interests and needs. A special place in the educational complex “Perspective” is given to the formation of spiritual and moral values, acquaintance with the cultural and historical heritage of the world and Russia, with the traditions and customs of the peoples inhabiting the Russian Federation. The textbooks include tasks for independent, pair and group work, project activities, as well as materials that can be used in extracurricular and extracurricular activities.
The “Perspective” educational complex includes: Textbooks on subjects (grades 1-4) Workbooks Creative notebooks Didactic materials for the student: “Reader”, “Magic power of words”, “Mathematics and computer science”, “Fundamentals of life safety”. Methodological manuals for teachers: lesson developments in subjects, additional educational and methodological materials, calendar and thematic planning, technological maps. Calendar-thematic planning and technological maps, providing the teacher with effective and high-quality teaching by moving from lesson planning to designing the study of the topic, are posted on the pages of the Internet site of the educational educational complex “Perspective”.
Textbooks included in the educational complex “Perspective”: 1. ABC - L.F. Klimanova, S.G.Makeeva. 2. Russian language - L. F. Klimanova, S. G. Makeeva. 3. Literary reading – L.F. Klimanova, L.A. Vinogradskaya, V.G. Goretsky. 4. Mathematics – G.V. Dorofeev, T.N. Mirakova. 5. The world around us – A.A. Pleshakov, M.Yu. Novitskaya. 6. Technology – N.I. Rogovtseva, N.V. Bogdanova, N.V. Dobromyslova
Educational and methodological complex "School 2000..." (scientific supervisor - L.G. Peterson) Publishing house "Yuventa" Website:
The didactic system of the activity method “School 2000...” offers solutions to current educational problems in the system of lifelong education (preschool educational institution - school - university). It is based on a continuous course of mathematics for preschoolers, primary and secondary schools, focused on the development of children’s thinking, creative powers, their interest in mathematics, the formation of strong mathematical knowledge and skills, and readiness for self-development. The “Learn to Learn” program takes into account the possibility of working on this program in the conditions of various options for the educational curriculum of the educational institution (4 hours or 5 hours per week).
The main goal of the “School 2000...” program is the comprehensive development of the child, the formation of his abilities for self-change and self-development, a picture of the world and moral qualities that create conditions for successful entry into culture and the creative life of society, self-determination and self-realization of the individual.
Teaching materials in mathematics for primary school of the program “Learning to Learn” (“School 2000...”) 1. Mathematics - L.G. Peterson Textbooks are equipped with teaching aids, teaching materials and a computer program for monitoring progress. Additional literature 2. Peterson L.G., Kubysheva M.A., Mazurina S.E. What does it mean to be able to learn. Educational and methodological manual.- M.: UMC “School 2000...”, Peterson L.G. Activity-based teaching method: educational system “School 2000...”//Building a continuous sphere of education. - M.: APK and PPRO, UMC “School 2000...”, 2007.
Educational and methodological complex “School 2100” (scientific supervisor - L.G. Peterson) Publishing house “Balass” Website:
In the process of teaching the educational curriculum in accordance with the activity approach, the task of forming a functionally literate personality is realized. A characteristic feature of this educational program is the minimax principle. He assumes that the authors of textbooks and the teacher give the student the opportunity (if he wants) to take the material to the maximum. The textbooks contain abundant information for this purpose, allowing the student to make personal choices. At the same time, the most important facts, concepts and connections included in the minimum content (Federal State Educational Standards and program requirements) must be mastered by every student. The minimum is presented to the student during lessons for discovering new knowledge, reinforced and submitted for control. The maximum allows the student to satisfy his own personal needs and interests. This way, each child has the opportunity to take as much as he can.
List of textbooks of educational educational complex “School 2100” 1. Primer - R.N. Buneev, E.V. Buneeva, O.V. Pronina. 2. Russian language - R.N. Buneev, E.V. Buneeva, O.V. Pronina. 3. Literary reading - R.N. Buneev, E.V. Buneeva. 4. English language – M.Z. Biboletova and others 5. Mathematics – T.E. Demidova, S.A. Kozlova, A.P. Thin. 6. The world around us – A.A. Vakhrushev, O.B. Bursky, A.S. Rautin. 7. Fine arts – O.A. Kurevina, E.D. Kovalevskaya. 8. Music – L.V. Shkolyar, V.O. Usacheva. 9. Technology – O.A. Kurevina, E.L. Lutseva 10. Physical culture – B.B. Egorov, Yu.E. Replanting.
Educational and methodological complex “Prospective Primary School” (scientific supervisor - N.A. Churakova) Publishing house “Akademkniga/textbook” Website:
The concept of educational learning is based on the humanistic belief that all children are capable of learning successfully if the necessary conditions are created for them. Taking into account the age of students makes the learning process successful. All textbooks in the set provide teachers with opportunities to implement the regional component.
List of textbooks UMK “Prospective Primary School” 1. ABC - N.G. Agarkova, Yu.A. Agarkov 2. Russian language – Kalenchuk M.L., Churakova N.A., Baykova T.A., Malakhovskaya O.V., Erysheva E.R. 3. Literary reading – Churakova N.A., Malakhovskaya O.V. 4. Mathematics – A.L. Chekin, O.A. Zakharova, E.P. Yudina. 5. The world around us – O.N. Fedotova, G.V. Trafimova, S.A. Trafimov, L.A. Tsareva, L.G. Kudrova. 6. Computer science – E.N. Benenson, A.G. Pautova. 7. Technology – T.M. Ragozina, A.A. Grineva. Additional literature 1) Churakova R.G. Technology and aspect analysis of a modern lesson Churakova N.A., Malakhovskaya O.V. A museum in your classroom.
Educational and methodological complex “Development. Individuality. Creation. Thinking" (RHYTHM) (Training Educational Complex "Classical Primary School") Publishing House "Drofa" Website:
“Classical primary school”, the main feature of which is the combination of modern approaches to solving methodological problems and practice-tested principles of didactics, which allows schoolchildren to achieve consistently high educational results. Educational and methodological complex “Development. Individuality. Creation. Thinking" (RHYTHM) has been revised in accordance with the Federal State Standard and supplemented with new textbooks (foreign language, environment, physical education). The educational complex includes programs, teaching aids, and workbooks. Study lines in basic subjects are provided with didactic materials, tests and sets of visual aids. All components of the educational complex are integrated into a single methodological system, have a modern layout, extensive methodological apparatus, and professionally executed illustrations.
UMK "Development. Individuality. Creativity, Thinking" (RITM) is aimed at achieving educational results defined by the Federal State Standard and implementing the "Concept of spiritual and moral development and education of a Russian citizen." Textbooks included in the educational complex “Classical Primary School”: 1. ABC - O.V. Dzhezheley. 2. Russian language – T.G. Ramzaeva. 3. Literary reading. – O.V. Dzhezheley. 4. English – V.V. Buzhinsky, S.V. Pavlova, R.A. Starikov. 5. German language – N.D. Galsakova, N.I. Guez. 6. Mathematics – E.I.Alexandrova. 7. The world around us - E.V. Saplina, A.I. Saplin, V.I. Sivoglazov. 8. Fine arts – V.S. Kuzin, E.I. Kubyshkina. 9. Technology. – N.A. Malysheva, O.N. Maslenikova. 10. Music – V.V. Aleev, T.N. Kichak. 11. Physical culture – G.I. Pogadaev.
Educational and methodological complex "Primary school of the XXI century" (scientific supervisor - N.F. Vinogradova) Publishing house "Ventana - Graf" Website:
The kit is based on the theory of activity of A.N. Leontyeva, D.B. Elkonin and V.V. Davydova. The general goal of education is the formation of activities leading to this age. The goal of primary school teachers is not just to teach the student, but to teach him to teach himself, i.e. educational activities; The goal of the student is to master the ability to learn. Academic subjects and their content act as a means to achieve this goal.
The leading characteristics of a primary school graduate are his ability to think independently and analyze any issue; the ability to construct statements, put forward hypotheses, defend the chosen point of view; the presence of ideas about one’s own knowledge and ignorance on the issue under discussion. Hence, there are two methodological features of the teaching and learning complex. Thus, working with the educational and methodological set “Primary School of the 21st Century”, the student masters a fundamentally different role - “researcher”. This position determines his interest in the process of cognition. As well as increasing attention to the creative activity of students, based on the initiative and independence of each student. List of textbooks UMK “Primary school of the XXI century” 1. Primer – L.E. Zhurova. 2. Russian language – S.V. Ivanov, A.O. Evdokimova, M.I. Kuznetsova. 3. Literary reading – L.A. Efrosinina. 4. English language – teaching and learning complex “FORWARD”, M.V. Verbitskaya, O.V. Oralova, B. Ebbs, E. Worell, E. Ward. 5. Mathematics – E.E.Kochurina, V.N.Rudnitskaya, O.A.Rydze. 6. The world around us – N.F. Vinogradova. 7. Music – O.V. Usacheva, L.V. Schoolboy. 8. Fine arts – L.G. Savenkova, E.A. Ermolinskaya 9. Technology – E.A. Lutseva. 10. Fundamentals of the spiritual and moral culture of the peoples of Russia (4th grade) - N.F. Vinogradova, V.I. Vlasenko, A.V. Polyakov.
Educational and methodological complex "Planet of Knowledge" (scientific supervisor - I.A. Petrova) Publishing House "Astrel" Website: (scientific supervisor - I.A. Petrova) Publishing House "Astrel" Website:
The content of the educational subjects of the educational complex is focused on stimulating and supporting the emotional, spiritual, moral and intellectual development and self-development of the child; to create conditions for the child to demonstrate independence, initiative, and creative abilities in various activities. At the same time, the importance of children’s assimilation of knowledge and mastery of skills as means of development remains, but they are not considered as an end in themselves of primary education. In the subjects of teaching and learning, the humanitarian orientation and its influence on the emotional and social-personal development of the child are strengthened. The educational complex contains content that helps the child retain and recreate the integrity of the picture of the world, ensures his awareness of the various connections between objects and phenomena and, at the same time, develops the ability to see the same object from different sides. The main feature of this set is its integrity: the unity of the structure of textbooks and workbooks for all grades and subjects; unity of end-to-end lines of standard tasks, unity of approaches to organizing educational activities.
The UMK includes: 1. Primer - author T.M. Andrianova. 2. Russian language - author T.M. Andrianova, V.A. Ilyukhina. 3. Literary reading - E.E. Katz 4. English language - N.Yu. Goryacheva, S.V. Larkina, E.V. Nasonovskaya. 5. Mathematics – M.I. Bashmakov, M.G. Nefedova. 6. The world around us – G.G. Ivchenkova, I.V. Potapova, A.I. Saplin, E.V. Saplina. 7. Music – T.I. Balanova.
Educational and methodological set “Harmony” (scientific supervisor - N.B. Istomina) Publishing house “Association of the XXI Century”. Website:
The course is based on a methodological concept of purposeful and systematic work on developing mental activity techniques in younger schoolchildren: analysis and synthesis, comparison, classification, analogy and generalization in the process of mastering the mathematical content provided for by the program.
The UMK includes: 1. Primer - author M.S. Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko, N.M. Betenkova, O.E. Kurlygina. 2. Russian language - author M.S. Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko. 3. Literary reading - author O.V. Kubasova. 4. Mathematics - author N.B. Istomina. 5. The world around us - author O.V. Poglazova, N.I. Vorozheikina, V.D. Shilin. 6. Technology – author N.M. Konysheva. 7. Fine arts – (Yakhont publishing house), author: T.A. Koptseva, V.P. Koptsev, E.V.Koptsev. 8. Music – (Yakhont publishing house), author: M.S. Krasilnikova, O.N. Yashmolkina, O.I. Nekhaeva. 9. Physical culture - (Yakhont publishing house), author: R.I. Tarnopolskaya, B.I. Mishina.
The system of educational and methodological sets “Primary Innovative School” was created in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of the 2nd generation, the distinctive feature of which is the systematic requirements for the results of mastering the main educational program of the non-state educational institution, for its structure and for the conditions of implementation.
List of textbooks of educational educational complex “Primary Innovative School” 1. Literary reading – G.S. Merkin, B.G. Merkin, S.A. Bolotova. 2. Mathematics – B.P. Geidman, I.E. Misharina, E.A. Zvereva. 3. The world around us – V.A. Samkova, N.I. Samkova. 4. English – Yu.A. Komarova, I.V. Larionova, J. Perret. 5. Physical culture – V.Ya. Baryshnikov, A.I. Belousov. 6. Fundamentals of the spiritual and moral culture of the peoples of Russia. Fundamentals of religious cultures of the peoples of Russia. – under the general editorship of corresponding member. RAS A.N. Sakharov. 7. Fundamentals of the spiritual and moral culture of the peoples of Russia. Fundamentals of secular ethics – M.T. Studenikin.
Developmental system L.V. Zankova (scientific supervisor - N.V. Nechaeva) Publishing house "Fyodorov Publishing House". Website:
The general goal of the II Generation Standard coincides with the goal of L.V.’s developmental education system. Zankov, formulated as “achieving optimal overall development of each child.” This coincidence of goals is explained by the fact that both the new Standard and the developmental education system of L.V. Zankov have a common psychological and pedagogical basis, which is, first of all, the theory of L.S. Vygotsky, including the idea that learning leads to development and should be carried out not at the level of actual development, but in the zone of proximal development of the student. Programs and educational and methodological kits developed on the methodological foundations of the L.V. system. Zankov, fully comply with the planned educational results outlined in the Federal State Educational Standard.
The leading concept for the system of developmental education is L.V. Zankova is integrity. The integrity of educational kits is achieved by the fact that all subject lines are developed on the basis of uniform didactic principles (teaching at a high level of difficulty while observing the measure of difficulty; the leading role of theoretical knowledge; awareness of the learning process; fast pace of passage of program material; work on the development of each child, including and weak) and common typical properties of the methodological system (versatility, procedurality, collisions, variability), ensuring that students achieve the required level of mastery of educational content. Pedagogical system L.V. Zankova ensures the achievement of planned results through special selection and structuring of the content of educational subjects, which creates conditions for the implementation of a systemic activity approach and individualization of training.
List of textbooks of the L.V. system Zankova 1. ABC - N.V. Nechaeva, K.S. Belarusian. 2. Russian language – N.V. Nechaeva. 3. Russian language – A.V. Polyakova 4. Literary reading – V.Yu. Sviridova. 5. Literary reading – V.A. Lazarev. 6. Mathematics - Arginskaya I.I., E.P. Benenson, L.S. Itina, etc. 7. The world around us - N.Ya. Dmitrieva, A.N. Kazakova. 8. Technology – N.A. Tsirulik, T.N. Prosnyakova. 9. Music – G.S. Rigina 10. Physical culture - V.N.Shaulin. Additional literature 1. Implementation of the new educational standard: the potential of the L.V. system. Zankova / A.G. Vantsyan, N.V. Nechaeva, E.N. Petrova, A.Yu. Plotnikova, S.V. Yakovleva. 2. Eremeeva V.D. Boys and girls. Teach in different ways, love in different ways. Neuropedagogy. 3. Eremeeva V.D. Cultivating tolerance. Collection of articles for teachers, school psychologists and parents. 4. Savenkov A.I. Methods of research teaching of junior schoolchildren: method manual. 5. Golub G.B., Perelygina E.A., Churakova O.V. Project method - technology of competency-based education: method manual. 6. Sokolova T.E. Information culture of a primary school student as a pedagogical problem: educational and methodological manual. Issue 1 List of textbooks included in the D.B. Elkonina-V.V. Davydova: 1. Primer - D.B. Elkonin. 2. Russian language – V.V. Repkin and others 3. Russian language - S.V. Lomakovich, L.I. Timchenko. 4. Literary reading – G.N. Kudina, Z.N. Novlyanskaya. 5. Literary reading – E.I. Matveeva. 6. Mathematics – V.V. Davydova, S.F. Gorbov, G.G. Mikulina. 7. The world around us – E.V. Chudina, E.N. Bukvareva. 8. Fine arts and artistic work – Yu.A. Poulyanov Additional literature 1. Implementation of new educational standards in primary schools using the D.B. system. Elkonina - V.V. Davydov // ed. A.B. Vorontsova. Manual for 1st grade teachers. - M., OIRO, p. 2. Matveeva E.I. Literary reading. 1-4 grades. We teach primary schoolchildren to understand literary texts. M.: Eksmo, p. 3. Matveeva E.I. Literary reading. 1-4 grades. We teach junior schoolchildren to write essays of different genres. M.: Eksmo, p. 4. Matveeva E.I., Pankova O.B., Patrikeeva I.E. An activity-based approach to literary reading lessons in the context of the transition to new educational standards. - M.: Moscow Center for Quality Education, p. 5. Matveeva E.I., Pankova O.B., Patrikeeva I.E. Formation of a system of criterion-based assessment in elementary school. - M.: Moscow Center for Quality of Education, p.
How the child will feel
climbing the first step of the ladder of knowledge, what he will experience,
His entire further path to knowledge depends.
V.A. Sukhomlinsky
A child's entry into first grade is one of the most important and exciting events in the life of every parent. Therefore, it is necessary to approach this issue seriously: choose a good school, be sure to get to know the teacher. After all, it is in elementary school that the desire to learn and learn new things, the ability to assimilate material, the ability to find a common language with peers is formed, the further development of certain abilities (technical or humanitarian) and much more occurs. It is very important to pay attention to another issue - the training program or educational and methodological complex (EMC) according to which the child will study. Since using these textbooks and workbooks, he and, possibly, his parents will have to master the material and gain basic knowledge. And their quality will determine how easily and quickly the child will get involved in the learning process, and what knowledge he will come to secondary school with.
First of all, when choosing a school, parents of a future first-grader need to understand modern educational programs for primary grades. Unlike Soviet times, when everyone studied from the same textbooks, now teachers and parents have a choice in exactly how the child will receive all the necessary knowledge. And this will depend on the educational system that the student will use in primary school. Having a choice is always nice, but it is this variety of educational systems that often leaves us perplexed. What to choose when there are sure to be several schools near your home that teach children according to different systems? Even within the same school, primary school teachers themselves choose which program to work on, and children from parallel classes can study using different educational and methodological complexes. Currently, there are simultaneously several educational systems that meet the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards (Federal State Educational Standards). Each of them has its own characteristics, but in general the systems are divided into traditional and developmental. Most schools choose traditional education programs, such as "School of Russia", "Primary School of the XXI Century", "School 2010", "Harmony", "Prospective Primary School", "Classical Primary School", "Planet of Knowledge", "Perspective" . But be prepared for the fact that your child may be offered to study under the developmental programs of L.V. Zankov or D.B. Elkonin - V.V. Davydov. Of course, one should not think that traditional programs do not deal with the development of students; this name is rather conditional. In general terms, we can say that these types of systems differ in approach: traditional programs offer an explanatory and illustrative approach to teaching a child, while developmental programs offer an active approach. All of the programs mentioned above are focused on a single educational standard, however, each system has its own way of presenting information and priorities. In addition to the general concept, they differ in the curriculum itself, the degree of workload of the child, the involvement of the parent in the learning process, and also the overall complexity. Each system offers its own educational and methodological complex, in other words, sets of textbooks, workbooks and teaching materials in all subjects. The most popular among schools are such educational and methodological complexes as “School of Russia”, “Perspective”, “School 2100”, “Planet of Knowledge” and “Harmony”. "School of Russia" is considered a classic program. In fact, this is the same system that, with minor changes, was taught in Soviet times. It is designed for an intermediate level, so every child can easily master such a program. Mathematics develops computational skills, logic and thinking in equal proportions, the Russian language is taught in a standard way: the development of oral and written speech and literate writing skills is balanced. In this case, we can especially highlight the study of “The World Around us” using the textbooks of A. A. Pleshakov. The advantage of the course is that mastering the surrounding world is positioned as a project that the child implements together with his parents. Another educational and methodological complex that is especially popular is “Perspective”. This program is most suitable for children with a mathematical mind. This teaching aid is quite complex and will require parents to actively participate in the child’s education. The main advantage of "Perspective" can be called mathematics lessons, which are based on educational materials by L. G. Peterson. Mathematics is given with elements of geometry and algebra, which allows the child to smoothly transition to secondary school. The educational complex "School 2100" is built on the minimax principle, that is, within the framework of one curriculum, children will be able to learn at different levels of difficulty. All educational materials contain the maximum amount of additional information that a child can learn if necessary. This program allows the teacher to adjust the level of difficulty of presenting material and apply an individual approach to teaching without switching to another teaching aid. The Planet of Knowledge program is considered quite complex, since it was originally developed and used in pre-gymnasium classes, but it is also very popular among teachers and parents. The main advantage of this teaching aid is its focus on the child’s self-development. His ability to reason is actively stimulated, be it an emphasis on logic when studying mathematics or literary reading, which involves the emergence of a dialogue between a child and an adult. As in “School 2100,” the “Planet of Knowledge” study guides contain multi-level tasks: from basic to creative and exploratory. The main principle of the educational complex "Harmony" is comfortable learning at the intersection of traditional and developmental teaching methods. Children initially develop skills of analysis, classification, comparison and generalization. During the lessons, many problematic developmental tasks are given that develop in schoolchildren the ability to think and the ability to independently draw conclusions. One of the main advantages of the program is targeted preparation for a smooth transition from primary to secondary school. You can understand the clear difference between one educational system and another by studying the teaching materials offered by the program in the “School Guru” section. Here you can make a selection of products by educational program, by subject, type of educational material (textbooks, workbooks, visual aids) or by grade; collect the necessary set of literature when the issue of choosing an educational system has already been resolved. You need to keep in mind that all teaching and learning programs are regularly revised taking into account current trends, so even if you are not sending your first child to school, keep in mind that in a couple of years the author of the textbooks or the overall teaching concept may have changed. The educational materials themselves can change significantly, so, as a rule, there is a need to buy all the materials of the educational complex for the class from scratch. A teacher who is currently working on the program will be able to tell you with confidence exactly what the educational curriculum looks like at the moment and what textbooks and workbooks you need to purchase for your child.
How the child will feel
climbing the first step of the ladder of knowledge, what he will experience,
His entire further path to knowledge depends.
V.A. Sukhomlinsky
A child's entry into first grade is one of the most important and exciting events in the life of every parent. Therefore, it is necessary to approach this issue seriously: choose a good school, be sure to get to know the teacher. After all, it is in elementary school that the desire to learn and learn new things, the ability to assimilate material, the ability to find a common language with peers is formed, the further development of certain abilities (technical or humanitarian) and much more occurs. It is very important to pay attention to another issue - the training program or educational and methodological complex (EMC) according to which the child will study. Since using these textbooks and workbooks, he and, possibly, his parents will have to master the material and gain basic knowledge. And their quality will determine how easily and quickly the child will get involved in the learning process, and what knowledge he will come to secondary school with.
Currently, the order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated December 28, 2018 is in force. N 345 “On the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of educational programs of primary general, basic general, and secondary general education that have state accreditation.” The federal list of textbooks (hereinafter referred to as the list) includes textbooks recommended by the Scientific Methodological Council for Textbooks created by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, based on positive expert opinions based on the results of scientific, pedagogical, social, ethnocultural and regional examinations and meeting certain requirements.
The federal list of textbooks includes (all or selectively) completed subject lines of textbooks that are part of the following educational and methodological complexes for primary schools:
| School of Russia | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Perspective | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Primary school of the XXI century | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Promising Primary School | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Planet of Knowledge | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Harmony | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| RHYTHM | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Primary innovative school | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| School 2000 ... (mathematics L.V. Peterson) | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| System of L.V. Zankov (publishing house "Developmental Education") | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Spheres (Prosveshcheniye Publishing House) | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
(Publishing house "BINOM. Knowledge Laboratory") |
1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
The list does not include the textbooks of the following teaching materials:
| School 2100 | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| D.B. Elkonin-V.V. Davydov system (VITA-PRESS publishing house) |
1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| System of L.V. Zankov (Publishing house "Fedorov") | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
| Dialogue | 1 class | 2nd grade | 3rd grade | 4th grade |
It should be noted that educational organizations have the right to use purchased textbooks from the federal list of textbooks, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated March 31, 2014 N 253, for three years.
Feature
The listed educational programs for primary school is that they include educational and methodological kits (TMK) in all or several subjects of primary general education
(for example, Russian language, mathematics, literary reading and the world around us, etc.). Each program or training system has its own goals, objectives, principles and features, which can be found in detail in the explanatory notes. Information can be found on the official websites of elementary school programs or publishing houses that produce this or that educational complex. Each program or training system has its own scientific supervisor, as well as a team of authors working on the creation of teaching materials. The educational and methodological set usually includes: textbooks, workbooks, visual and teaching aids, independent and test work, multimedia applications, methodological recommendations and lesson plans.
In addition, there are completed textbook subject lines , which are not included in the teaching materials of the previously listed primary school systems and programs, but are also included in the federal list of recommended textbooks.
In connection with the transition of educational institutions to the new Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education (FSES IEO), starting from the 2011/2012 academic year, all primary school educational programs were finalized, textbooks passed the State Examination for compliance with the second generation Federal State Educational Standard.
Significant feature
All educational programs for primary schools have become aimed at developing in students universal learning activities (UAL)
as the basis of the ability to learn, to include children in educational activities when studying all school subjects. The main principle of modernizing textbooks is to strengthen the orientation of educational material, ways of presenting it, and teaching methods to maximize the inclusion of students in educational activities. Thus, all programs and training systems are aimed at achieving the educational results defined by the Federal State Educational Standard of the NEO, and the implementation “Concepts of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a Russian citizen”
.
Thus, there are no “bad” and “good” programs. All of them are approved by the Ministry of Education and are designed so that by the end of primary school children receive the level of knowledge required by the state standard, that is, the mandatory minimum. And the developmental education system is no better or worse than the traditional one. Moreover, today almost all primary school programs implement the ideas of developmental education. Tasks of increased complexity, which are associated only with developmental systems, are included in all sets, but are not mandatory for mastering. In fact, each learning system is designed for a certain mindset, or, in other words, a way of perceiving and mentally processing information. And these processes are individual for each child. Authorship is manifested in the ways of presenting material, additional information, and organizing educational activities.
Almost all proprietary educational programs have both advantages (which are actively discussed) and disadvantages (information about which is less accessible). If a teacher has been trained, certified, interacts with methodologists and has access to manuals, the likelihood of obtaining a high-quality result is higher. The programs are designed so that in four years of study the child will receive all the basic knowledge. However, the material is presented and distributed over the years in different sequences. In addition, some programs are overloaded with materials that children (and sometimes parents) understand and master with great difficulty. And the final tests for the quarter and for the year are all written the same. And here a lot depends on the teacher. It is good if the school maintains programmatic continuity between the primary and secondary levels, and subject teachers work together. Otherwise, having studied four grades of primary school using non-standard textbooks, the child will move to the fifth grade to standard educational “rails” and lose interest in learning.
According to article 28
Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" “The competence of an educational organization in the established field of activity includes: ... determining the list of textbooks in accordance with the approved federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education by organizations engaged in educational activities, as well as teaching aids approved for use in the implementation of these educational programs by such organizations."
According to the article article 47
Law of the Russian Federation "On Education in the Russian Federation" teaching staff have “the right to choose textbooks, teaching aids, materials and other means of education and upbringing in accordance with the educational program and in the manner established by the legislation on education.”
Thus, today primary school teachers can choose not only an educational program (system), but, first of all, textbooks that create a favorable and comfortable environment for learning, instilling in children a love of learning from the first days of their stay at school. In this case, the teacher has the right to choose teaching materials only in accordance with the approved basic educational program of primary general education of the educational institution. When choosing a program as a basis, the teacher follows it for all four years. In one school, primary classes can study according to different programs. At the same time, one of the classes most often studies according to the educational instructional complex “School of Russia”. Today this is the most widespread educational system. In addition, it is possible to have an educational program consisting of completed subject lines of textbooks that are not included in certain systems and programs. The main condition for selection is that textbooks must be included in the “Federal List of Textbooks Recommended for Use in the Implementation of State Accredited Educational Programs of Primary General, Basic General, and Secondary General Education.”
A little history...
According to Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated October 21, 2004. N 93
Primary general education included:
- traditional education system
(programs "School of Russia", "Harmony", "School 2000...", "School 2100", "Primary School of the XXI Century", "Classical Primary School", "Promising Primary School", "Planet of Knowledge");
- developmental training systems
(L.V. Zankov system and D.B. Elkonin-V.V. Davydov system).
However, over time, the contradictions between traditional and developmental education systems have gradually softened, and at the present stage of development of primary education, all educational and methodological sets are focused on the thesis of the child’s activity in the learning process, on the development of his personality, his cognitive and creative capabilities. The division of textbooks by systems (traditional or developmental) and sets (programs) in the Federal lists of recommended (approved) textbooks was removed from the 2006/2007 academic year (although this was then stated in additional information from publishers for each textbook), and from 2008/2009 academic year, such information was not included in the lists.
In the Federal List of Textbooks recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for use in the educational process in educational institutions, for the 2011/2012 academic year (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science Russia No. 2080 of December 24, 2010) in the section “Textbooks, the content of which corresponds to the federal state educational standard for primary general education,” four textbook systems were identified:
- "Primary school of the XXI century"
- "Perspective"
- "School of Russia"
- "School 2100"
These systems (educational and methodological complexes - EMC) included completed subject lines of textbooks already in all subjects of primary general education: Russian language, literary reading, mathematics, computer science, the outside world, technology, music, fine arts, physical education, foreign language (English, German, French, Spanish), fundamentals of the spiritual and moral culture of the peoples of Russia (4-5 grades) . A feature of the “textbook system” status was that each subject corresponded to only one completed subject line of textbooks.
Textbooks of the remaining above-mentioned programs or completed subject lines are also included in the Federal list of recommended (approved) textbooks for the 2011/2012 academic year in the sections “Textbooks, the content of which corresponds to the federal state educational standard for primary general education” or “Textbooks, the content of which corresponds to the federal component of the state educational standard of general education".
In the Federal lists of textbooks recommended or approved for use in the educational process in educational institutions that have state accreditation and implement educational programs of general education, for the 2012/2013 academic year(Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 2885 of December 27, 2011) the division of textbooks into systems (programs) was again absent. Textbooks belonging to completed subject lines were grouped only by subjects of primary general education.
Based on information posted on the official websites of publishers and program authors, and in accordance with the Federal List of Textbooks for 2013/2014 academic year(Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia No. 1067 of December 19, 2012) the following teaching and learning systems could be distinguished:
- "School of Russia"
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