Garage and house on the same foundation. Garage in a private house, project for a garage in the basement, how to build it correctly, useful tips. Where to start choosing a foundation for a house with a garage
Construction of a garage in the basement or basement of a private house is a labor-intensive and lengthy process, which can be carried out taking into account the necessary skills and knowledge. When building a foundation for a house, they begin by choosing a house design and at this stage it is necessary to provide for the construction of a garage. What are the rules for construction?
Operable ground floor
The dream of any car enthusiast is a convenient garage located near a private home, or even better, directly in the basement or on the ground floor.
An equipped, usable basement floor provides comfortable living in a private house due to the placement of technical and other auxiliary premises in the basement. Therefore, the project of a house with a garage in the basement is especially popular; such a project can be ordered on the website of the construction company Deutek. This project is a rational and practical use of the space limited by the walls of the foundation of the house, located below the floor level.
However, the garage project is complicated because it will require the construction of an inclined ramp and a drainage system from it. Moreover, to install a ramp it is necessary to fulfill certain requirements.
Basic equipment for garage construction
The basic equipment for constructing a garage for one car in the basement or basement is considered to be:
- load-bearing metal frame or FBS frame
- walls equipped with basement siding
- interior finishing of floors, walls and ceilings with insulation and waterproofing
- ramp for entering the garage
- Garage Doors
- canopy
For the construction of a garage, a recessed strip foundation is used, which is placed in accordance with the rules and regulations: “below the freezing level of the soil to a depth of at least 30 cm.” The average depth of a buried foundation is from 1.5 to 2.5 m.
How to build a house basement and garage
The following types of base should be distinguished:
- recessed
- bulging
- located flush with the foundation.
You can build a garage with any type of base. A buried foundation is considered the most suitable for building a garage. The technology and construction of the garage are carried out jointly
work on the construction of the basement.
The construction of a house with a garage in the basement begins with the construction of the basement and garage.
Construction stages Let us remind you that the construction of the basement and garage is carried out in the following stages:
- terrain planning, marking axes and digging a pit
- sealing the sand bed and pouring the foundation slab
- construction of basement walls
- leveling walls and covering the base with slabs
- laying out the basement with foundation blocks
- pouring slabs with reinforced reinforced screed
- construction of the first floor.
Digging a pit is carried out using special equipment, because the depth of the pit for a house with a basement must be maintained. The basement floor is sealed and waterproofed using a blind area. Along the perimeter of the outer part of the house, to protect the house, a blind area up to 50 cm wide is made of concrete mixture.
Expansion joints and joints between the wall and the blind area, the walls and bottom of the basement and ground floor, as well as the joints of foundation blocks are subject to mandatory waterproofing. To build the foundation and walls of the basement and garage, I use large-sized foundation blocks, strip foundation slabs and FBS (wall foundation blocks), which are placed around the perimeter of the house.
FBS blocks have significant weight, so the construction of the foundation and walls is carried out using special equipment. After the foundation and walls of the basement and basement are erected, the floor slabs are filled with reinforced screed.
This video will help you properly fill your garage floor.
The next stage in the construction of a garage in the basement is the installation of a garage ramp.
Inclined ramp device
Requirements for installing a ramp into a basement garage
A prerequisite for installing an inclined ramp is to maintain the following dimensions:
- the ramp must have a straight, wide plane that exceeds the width of the garage door by 50 cm on both sides
- The recommended length of the ramp is at least 5 m.
- The angle of descent (entry) cannot exceed 25 degrees
- the road surface layer of the ramp must be non-slippery
- the exit must be equipped with a canopy
- A drainage groove is installed between the ramp and the counter-ramp, which is protected with a metal grate.
Such requirements are considered the minimum set for installing a garage ramp in the basement of a house.
how to make your own garage door
We determine the position of the exit plane and mark the site. We dig a small depression across the entire surface of the site to form a sand cushion. Then we level the sand and compact it. The layer of sand cushion can reach 10 cm. Now we arrange the foundation for brick or other supporting walls.
Under the garage wall, the cross-section of the beam is half a brick, namely 200 x 200 mm, and on the sides of the ramp there is a curb made of slabs. Thus, no formwork will be required for the ramp. After compaction, we lay geotextiles and knit a reinforcement cage, which should come close to the garage wall.
The reinforcing mesh is placed at a height of about 75 percent of the total thickness of the screed. Beacons for organizing an inclined ramp are installed at the required angle. The final stage will be concreting the garage ramp. After concreting, slabs or clinker bricks are laid on the garage ramp.
However, after general construction work and the installation of a garage ramp, it is necessary to carry out internal insulation of the walls and ceiling, as well as the floor of the basement and garage.
We insulate the walls, ceiling and floor
Insulation of the basement and garage is carried out outside and inside the structure.
The most affordable materials for insulating basement walls and ceilings are:
- drywall
- plywood sheets
- lining and siding.
The technology for insulating walls and ceilings is as follows. Sheets of insulation are attached to the ceiling and walls using special glue. After fixing the insulation on the entire plane of the wall or ceiling, a vapor barrier layer in the form of foil polyethylene is installed. The vapor barrier layer is attached to the surface of the insulation using construction tape.
Then, to install the finishing cladding, a sheathing of wooden blocks is prepared in the traditional way, which are attached through the insulation to the ceiling or walls using dowels. The finishing cladding is attached to wooden blocks using self-tapping screws. For interior finishing, you can use light-colored C8 wall corrugated sheeting with a profile height of 8 mm.
Additional landscaping activities
The installation of garage doors and canopies can be considered mandatory. The canopy is installed in front of the gate for subsequent use as an additional machine space. For the supporting frame of the canopy, columns are selected that participate in the distribution of the load. The finishing of the frame is carried out in a common style with the facade of the house.
The presence of automated swing, sliding or sectional gates will raise the quality of comfort to the European level. Why not?
Good day, dear readers!
In this article you will learn:
– Detailed description of the construction of this house.
– Posted house project with garage and terrace at the end of the article.
– What is the best material to build the outer walls of a house from?
– Why it was necessary to make a different base.
– Pros and cons of the house.
Pros of the house:
1) There is a large terrace adjacent to the house.
2) Natural ventilation in all rooms.
3) The house is located on a good, level plot.
4) A small river flows along the edge of the site from which a flowing pond will be made.
5) Near the house there is a well for drinking water.
Disadvantages of the house:
1) Thin external walls of the house.
2) The cladding of the basement of the house has not been thought out.
3) Insulating a house is too expensive.
4) The foundation of the house is not laid correctly.
1) Foundation and basement of the house.
Ground under the house:
800 mm black soil.
400 mm clay.
The highest groundwater level is at a depth of 1800 mm, in spring.
Foundation depth 1200 mm.
We didn't do the foundation. If you have to continue someone’s work, then first of all you need to check the quality of the work done so that there are no unpleasant surprises in the future.
The foundation is strip, made of foundation blocks in three rows. The first row of blocks (the lowest) lies flat instead of a foundation cushion (this is not very good), two more rows of blocks are mounted on it.
A reinforced concrete belt is made on top of the blocks.
The foundation of the house is strip, unfortunately it is not made very well:
It does not have a reinforced concrete foundation cushion - this led to the house cracking.
The diagonals of the foundation do not match. The diagonal difference of 160 mm is a lot.
Horizontally, the top of the base (armoured belt) has a difference of 40 mm.
The builders made a mistake when laying the foundation for the closed balcony (on the facade) and shifted it from the axis by 200 mm.
Correcting foundation errors.
A) Since the foundation does not have a reinforced concrete belt, it is necessary to make the walls stronger higher so that the house does not crack. To make the walls stronger, we began laying masonry mesh more often. The two armored belts under the slabs were made more powerful.
Unfortunately, this did not completely save the house from cracks, since the foundation is the foundation, and if it is not done well, then further actions cannot provide a 100% guarantee of quality.
b) To correct the discrepancy between the diagonals, it was necessary to let the walls of the house onto the plinth on one side more and less on the other. In other words, the foundation is laid in the form of a rhombus, and we make the walls of the house in the form of a parallelepiped.
V) We level the difference across the base (40 mm) horizontally with ash concrete (proportions: 1 bucket of cement, 4 buckets of ash).
On top of the leveled base we spread waterproofing - thick aquaizol in one layer.
2) Basement of the house.
V) The house has two cornices:
A brick cornice is made in one roll along the base of the house.
The second cornice is made at the very top under the roof lining, in two rolls.
G) The house has a large terrace attached to it on both sides.
d) The pilasters of the house are made of shaped bricks, with one round corner. The pilaster protrudes from the plane of the wall by 40 mm.
5) Roof and roofing.
According to the project, the house has a pediment on the facade above the balcony. But the customer refused the pediment. Almost always, gables decorate a house, “stretching out” the architecture of the house. I would like to make a pediment on the roof of my house like in the project (see below).
The roof of the house, garage and terrace is wooden.
The shape of the roof on the house is hipped.
The roof of the house, garage and veranda is made of metal tiles, dark brown.
6) House project.
You can easily download the project of this house to your computer.
To do this, hover your mouse over the desired project sheet, right-click, select “Save picture as...” from the drop-down window, select a folder on your computer and click the “save” button at the bottom right.
Ceiling height : on the first floor 3 m (from the clean floor to the bottom of the slab), on the second floor 2.8 m (from the clean floor to the bottom of the slab).
Covering the house : made from round-hollow reinforced concrete slabs. The garage is covered with wood to ease the load on the poor foundation.
Plot– 40 acres.
The house was built in 2012.
Another photo of the house.
Conclusion.
Having accomplished project houses with garage and terrace We got a neat, nice and comfortable house. I would like to improve some things in the house, namely:
I would make a foundation with a reinforced concrete cushion under the blocks of the house.
The plinth would be made from high grade facing brick, for example 350.
The outer walls would be made of warm blocks and not in the floor of the block, but in the block (380 mm).
I would insulate the house only once with mineral wool, between the facing brick and the backing block.
Question
Hello Gennady Andreevich. How to connect the foundation of the future house with a 2-meter basement dug next to it under the garage, which will be with the house? There is no way to retreat from it. What are the foundation options?
The soil is flat: clay, loam, black soil. Dense clay lies from 1 m. Freezing depth is 80 cm.
Sergey. Yeisk city, Krasnodar region.
Answer
It is difficult to give specific advice without knowing the type of underlying soil. However, if the foundation under the house does not contain quicksand and subsidence soils (judging by the fact that the foundation pit for the garage has already been standing for some time), then the best option is to use a strip foundation design.
Moreover, its width at the junction of the house and the garage should be expanded in comparison with the calculated width of the rest of the foundation along the perimeter of the house.
Interesting too
Planning the construction of a house is in many ways a creative process, and working out the base of the future building - its foundation - is one of the fundamental points that deserves special attention.
Construction of a cottage with an attached garage is the most popular service among our customers. This is due to the optimization of the building design, a unified architectural solution, as well as the compactness of the construction sites. Connecting the garage to the house helps ensure normal storage conditions for the car, improves the protection of living rooms from external influences and has a number of other advantages.
Using the same methods as with the main structure of the cottage, it is necessary to correctly select a high-quality, durable and ultra-reliable foundation for the garage. The base of the structure will absorb not only the load from the car, but also absorb part of the pressure from the entire cottage. Choose the right one foundation for a house with a garage a professional will help. Do not neglect the help of InnovaStroy architects, who have many years of experience in constructing a variety of modern country houses and cottages.
Where to start choosing a foundation for a house with a garage?
The first task of any site owner is to decide on the location of a private house with a garage on the territory. According to standard standards, the façade of a cottage should not be closer than 5 meters from the “red line” - that is, from the border of the roadway or sidewalk. This requirement does not apply to garages of any type. Therefore, they can be built closer to the fence, or as part of the entrance group directly from the roadway.
The foundation for a house with a garage is also based on geological surveys. After all, the pressure of the car will be exerted on the ground through the floor surface, so you need to know exactly the composition of the soil and its load-bearing characteristics. Construction of the foundation qualified InnovaStroy specialists are always based on the results of studies of site soils, groundwater and terrain features of the territory.
It would not be a bad idea to consult with your neighbors on the land plot, relatives who have a private house with a garage. This will help you find out:
- what foundation construction methods they used;
- that you want to change;
- Are there any problems with structural integrity and maintenance?
The data you receive can become the basis for an informed choice of foundation types for your cottage.
Naturally, you need to avoid any “experts” who guarantee incredible results when building exactly their type of foundation. It’s better to come to the professional architects of InnovaStroy and ensure that you build a full-fledged foundation for a house with a garage.
What is the best foundation to choose for building a house with a garage?
In modern practice, with a wide variety of building materials, many directions are used in the construction of reliable foundations. Before starting design, you need to decide on the main questions:
- what exactly will be the foundation under your cottage with a garage;
- Will you build a basement or limit yourself to a low base?
Quite often you can find an option when the foundation of a house with a garage has a combined structure that combines several directions in the structure. For example, a strip version is used under the house, and a slab version is used under the garage. The architect will help calculate the profitability and rationality of such a device after familiarizing himself with the geological survey data.
When creating a basement floor, the floor in the garage will be the floor, which is arranged between the floors. In this case, all the features in the structure of the foundations will be used in the construction of the foundations of the lowest tiers. As a rule, this is a slab type, on which walls and partitions in basements are subsequently erected.
Let's consider choosing a foundation for a house with a garage without a lower tier or any other spaces under the cottage. Today, when constructing a “standard” two-story cottage, the types of foundations described below are used.
Slab
Allows you to create the same base for the entire construction spot. In this case, it is possible to separate the heights, since most often the foundation under the garage is slightly lower than under the main parts of the building. The use of formwork with different heights, as well as the construction of foundations in layers, will ensure the required parameters of the structure. Essentially, it is a large solid slab of concrete with reinforced reinforcement inside.
The construction of the described foundations has its negative aspects, the main of which is the cost and volumes of building materials used. Even with a small height of 50-70 centimeters, the costs can be significant. On the other hand, the strength and reliability of such a foundation has very high indicators. Before choosing this variety, check with our company, how much does a monolithic foundation cost?, how to quickly build it on your site.
Tape
The second most popular type of foundation for cottages with a garage. It allows you to create base surfaces on which floor slabs will be laid or a monolithic slab will be created. In any case, high-quality construction of a strip foundation has certain advantages. It can be shallow or deep, depending on the surface characteristics of the soil. Strip foundation costs less and uses less material. If there are voids inside the structure, all forces acting on the base are evenly distributed throughout the entire foundation. Be it the pressure of the weight of the cottage or the longitudinal impact from the soil and groundwater.
Pile
Not so common foundation for building a house with a garage, like everyone else. The peculiarity of this type of foundation is that it is installed on fairly unstable and mobile soils. At the same time, the structure of the house itself should not be very heavy, since there are certain restrictions on the loads on piles and lintels. There is, of course, the option to mount vertical supports with high frequency, which will help increase the maximum loads. When building “classic” two-story houses with garages, you can choose turnkey pile foundation. Price in Moscow in InnovaStroy is very affordable, and allows you to reduce the cost of design and construction of the foundation to 15-20% of the total estimated cost of building a house.
Have you decided to build a house with a garage? An InnovaStroy specialist will tell you which foundation to choose.
The construction of a cottage with a garage is best left to professionals. Based on the results of geological research and customer requirements, a specialist will be able to calculate the most successful foundation option. At the next stage, the estimated cost for the construction of structures, earthworks and materials is calculated.
It is generally accepted that the cost of constructing foundations covers about 40% of the total construction costs. The price also includes excavation work and laying communications at the base of the house. Plus - when designing, a certain safety margin is necessarily specified for the structure. Agree that it is easier to immediately build a reliable and durable foundation under a house with a garage than to periodically repair it and spend even more money.
