What else we didn't know about space: funny, amazing and incredible facts. Facts about space that can surprise and scare me What I am interested in learning about space
The general idea of space and the idea of space exploration can raise many questions. Why is Pluto not a planet? Can you hear anything in space? How many space stations are currently in space? What happens when an astronaut emits gases in space?
Do you want to know the answers to these and many other questions? Here are 25 cosmic facts you've always wanted to know!
25. How old is the Sun?
The sun is about 4.6 billion years old. A billion is a thousand million.
24. Do astronauts really wear diapers?
Yes: during spaceship launch, return to Earth, and whatever they do outside of the spacecraft or space station. Although they are not called "diapers", but "maximum absorbent garment" (Maximum Absorbency Garment, or MAG).
23. Is it true that no one in space will hear your scream?
Well yes. What we hear are sound waves, which are actually vibrations in the air. There is no air in space, so there is nothing to vibrate. Light and radio waves travel through space, but they don't need air to travel like sound waves.
22. When will Halley's comet fly by again?
Halley's comet will be visible again from Earth in 2061. Interesting fact: Mark Twain was born in the year when Halley's comet flew by (1835), and died when it flew past the Earth the next time (1910). A year before his death, Mark Twain said: "I came with Halley's comet, and I must leave with it."
21. Why is space black?
Because in the vast majority of the universe, there is nothing, including light. Or maybe there is light in the black space we are looking at - we simply cannot see it with the human eye, or the light waves are hundreds of light years away from us.
20. When will we actually go to Mars?
Currently, it looks like the planned mission to Mars in 2030 is our most realistic timetable. One of the biggest problems with sending humans to Mars is finance.
With more and more people demanding money from the government for NASA, looking at the success of private programs like Spase X, it is possible that the private sector or collaboration could help get us to Mars.
19. Are there really "spy satellites" in space?
You can be sure! In fact, Japan just launched one such satellite in March - Radar 5 - to track North Korea. Thank you for your attention, Japan!18. The full moon falls on different days each month, so how long is the lunar cycle?
27.3 days
17. What are the names of the planets in our solar system, and what do their names mean?
With the exception of Earth, all the planets in our solar system are named after the gods and goddesses of ancient Greek or Roman mythology.
Pluto was the god of the underworld; Mercury was the messenger of the gods; Venus was the goddess of love and beauty. Uranus was the god of the sky; Saturn was an ancient Roman god Agriculture; Mars was the god of war, Jupiter (the largest planet in our Solar system) was named after the god of thunder; Neptune was the god of the seas.
16. Then why was the Earth given this name?
In fact, it is unknown. What we do know is that the word "earth" is derived from the English and German words meaning "soil, soil." Our planet is stunningly beautiful, mostly covered with water, and we called it ... Earth. Hello humanity!
15. Is there really a mysterious "planet X" that we cannot see in our solar system?
Probably. NASA found evidence of a planet the size of Neptune in an even greater orbit of the Sun than Pluto, which astronomers estimate makes one complete revolution around the Sun every 10,000 years.
14. Is it really possible to get sick with "cosmic madness"?
Not? But mental health problems on Earth would also exist in space, and if the stress of flying into space were a trigger, astronauts could have a malfunction or a case of illness in space, so ... huh?
NASA did two separate studies on astronaut mental health (one on the ISS, the other on the defunct Mir space station), and the only interesting thing that figured in the reports was “some tension,” which is basically what can happen to ANY person who lives at work with their colleagues. This did not negatively affect the general mood or cohesion of the group.
The test, which simulated a year on Mars, began on Earth and ended in 2016. Participants in the study could not leave their habitat more than 366 meters away if they were not wearing spacesuits. There was some tension and stress, as well as some interpersonal problems.
Like dorm roommates, some become friends for the rest of their lives, while others won't even be friends on Facebook. So there is no concrete evidence that time spent in space is causing any specific “space” mental health problems. However, if a person has them on Earth, then he will have them after he leaves the Earth (theoretically).
13. What happens if you fart in space?
Well, firstly, the released gas will not move because there is no gravity for the heavier air to move somewhere, and there are no air currents to propagate it.
A person is simply left alone in this gas "cloud". Fortunately, the suits are made with modifications that filter out such… um… gases, and astronauts find their own ways to minimize the exposure of other crew members to their gases, such as, for example, by doing it in less used compartments of the ISS.
12. Why do the stars appear to be twinkling or blinking?
Because their light has to overcome the various layers of gases in our atmosphere. Think of it as light passing through water, which distorts the light and makes it “sparkle”. In this case, the same basic principle applies.
11. Can blood really boil in space if a person is without a spacesuit?
Yes. This is due to how pressure affects the boiling point of liquids. The lower the pressure, the lower the boiling point, because it is easier for the molecules to move around and start converting from liquid to gas. That is why the water on Elbrus, for example, boils faster than on the coast of the Caspian Sea. Thus, in the vacuum of outer space, the boiling point of blood can drop to normal body temperature.
10. What is the temperature in space?
Various. In some parts of outer space, such as near the stars, it is quite hot: there you can instantly evaporate, turning into hot ash. Whereas in other parts, in deep darkness and on the surface of some planets looking away from the suns or far from them, it is rather cold.
In fact, it all depends on where you are. For reference, the ISS (without the thermal control system!), Being on the sunny side, would heat up to 121 ° C, and would have a temperature of -157 ° C, being in the shade of the Sun.
9. How much trash have we left in space?
Hmm, well, it is not enough for us humans to litter our own planet, so we started littering beyond its borders. There are currently more than 500,000 pieces of "space debris" in orbit around the Earth, which are being tracked as they could damage spacecraft.
While some of them are small pieces of meteors and the like that entered orbit, most of the "space debris" is what we (humanity) have lifted into space and have not returned back to Earth.
8. Did we really send the gold plate to the aliens?
Yes. Or at least we sent it where they could get it if they existed. The farthest man-made object in space is Voyager 1, and it was launched in 1977 with Voyager 2.
Both robotic probes were supposed to explore the distant planets of the solar system, and Voyager 1, in the course of its mission, went into interstellar space.
Both Voyagers on board carry a gold plate with greetings, music (for example, performed by Louis Armstrong, as well as some melodies performed on the Peruvian pipe - a total of 27 different works of different styles and directions), the sound of the sea and the conversation of people, as well as images.
7. Does the cosmos really look like the "cosmic pattern" that we see everywhere?
Not really. At least not for the naked human eye, sorry. These super-fantastic images are usually either processed in the wavelength range of light that is usually invisible to the human eye, such as infrared or ultraviolet, or their color gamut is improved. But this does not mean at all that space is not fantastic and not beautiful - it just means that literally everything is photoshopped.
6. How many space stations are in space?
Currently there are two. The International Space Station (ISS) and the Tiangong-1 spacecraft, which belongs to China. While there is always a crew on board the ISS, there are usually no people on Tiangong-1. The ISS is shared by astronauts from Russia, the USA, Japan, Canada and the European Space Agency.
5. How far from us is the nearest star other than our Sun (which is a star)?
4.24 light years. It's called Proxima Centauri. The best way visualize this distance: if we reduced the size of the Sun and Proxima Centauri to the size of grapefruits, they would still be at a distance of about 4023 km from each other (almost like from Moscow to Krasnoyarsk). In reality, the Sun is large enough to hold more than 1 million Earths inside it.
4. Do any private companies like Space X have plans to go to Mars?
Yes! In fact, Elon Musk (founder of Space X, Tesla and PayPal) in 2050-2100. wants to found a colony of people on Mars, consisting of a million people. While it sounds crazy, Space X is doing amazing things, and the work schedules show that this is no joke - this is a real goal.
3. Pluto was "demoted" from a planet to a dwarf planet, so what is the difference between them?
There is only one difference, and it is that the celestial body in question clears the space around its orbit. The planet clears the surrounding space, the dwarf planet does not.
Two other requirements applied to planets and dwarf planets are as follows: 1) the planet in question is in orbit around a star, while it is not itself a satellite; 2) has sufficient mass to be round.
2. Since Pluto is now a dwarf planet, are there other dwarf planets in our solar system?
Yes, there are only 5 dwarf planets in our solar system: Ceres, Pluto, Eris, Makemake and Haumea.
Pluto is not even the largest of them all. The largest dwarf planet in our solar system is Eris. It is almost 27% larger than Pluto. Bonus fact: Eris is the goddess of strife in Greek mythology.
1. Is an alien invasion of Earth possible?
Yes! Can this happen? Not really. And there are several reasons for this: HUGE distances between stars and galaxies in space. (Most of us cannot truly grasp this.)
In addition, we have many terrible problems for humanity. Why would a significantly advanced civilization spend years and resources to fly to us?
Almost all children are addicted to space. Someone only on a short time while he learns about how the world works. And someone - seriously and for a long time, dreaming of one day to fly to the moon or even further, repeat the feat of Gagarin or discover a new star.
In any case, the child will be interested to learn about what is hiding behind the clouds. About the moon, about the sun and the stars, oh spaceships and rockets, about Gagarin and Korolev. Fortunately, there are many books to help kids, schoolchildren, and even adults discover the universe. And here are some excerpts from them:
1. Moon
The moon is a satellite of the earth. This is what astronomers call her because she is constantly close to the Earth. It revolves around our planet and cannot get away from it, because the Earth attracts the Moon to itself. Both the Moon and the Earth are celestial bodies, but the Moon is much smaller than the Earth. The Earth is the planet and the Moon is its satellite.
Illustration from the book "Fascinating Astronomy"
2. Month
The moon itself does not shine. The glow of the Moon that we observe at night is the light of the Sun reflected by the Moon. On different nights, the Sun illuminates the Earth satellite in different ways.
The Earth, and with it the Moon, revolves around the Sun. If you take a ball and light it with a flashlight in the dark, then on one side it will appear round, because the light of the flashlight hits it directly. On the other hand, the ball will be dark because it is between us and the light source. And if someone looks at the ball from the side, he will see only part of its surface illuminated.
The flashlight is like the sun, and the ball is like the moon. And we from the Earth look at the Moon on different nights from different points of view. If the light of the Sun strikes directly on the Moon, it appears to us as a complete circle. And when the light of the Sun falls on the Moon from the side, we observe a month in the sky.
Illustration from the book "Fascinating Astronomy"
3. New moon and full moon
It happens that the moon in the sky is not visible at all. Then we say that the new moon has come. It happens every 29 days. On the night following the new moon, a narrow lunar crescent appears in the sky, or, as it is also called, a month. Then the crescent begins to grow and gradually turns into a full circle, the moon - the full moon comes.
Then the moon decreases again, "falls", until it turns into a month again, and then the month disappears from the firmament - the next new moon will come.
Illustration from the book "Fascinating Astronomy"
4. Lunar jump
Want to know how far you could jump if you were on the moon? Go out into the yard with chalk and tape measure. Jump as far as possible, mark your result with chalk and measure the length of your jump with a tape measure. Now measure from your mark six more of the same line. This is what moon jumping would be like! This is because there is less gravity on the moon. You will be in the jump longer and you will be able to set a space record. Although, of course, the spacesuit will prevent you from jumping.
Illustration from the book "Fascinating Astronomy"
5. Universe
All we know for sure about our Universe is that it is very, very large. The universe began about 13.7 billion years ago when the Big Bang happened. Its cause remains one of the most important mysteries of science to this day!
Time passed. The universe expanded in all directions and finally began to take shape. Tiny particles were born from the vortices of energy. Hundreds of thousands of years later, they merged and turned into atoms - "bricks" from which everything that we see is composed. At the same time, light appeared, which began to move freely in space. But it took another hundreds of millions of years before the atoms united into huge clouds, from which the first generation of stars was born. When these stars split into groups, forming galaxies, the universe began to resemble what we see now, looking at the night sky. Now the Universe continues to grow and every day it only gets bigger!
6. The birth of a star
Do you think the stars are only visible at night? But no! Our Sun is also a star, but we see it during the day. The sun is not much different from other stars, just the rest of the stars are much farther from the Earth and therefore seem so small to us.
Stars form from clouds of hydrogen gas left over from the Big Bang or from the explosions of other older stars. Gradually, the force of gravity joins the hydrogen gas into clumps, where it begins to rotate and heat up. This continues until the gas becomes dense and hot enough for the nuclei of hydrogen atoms to fuse. As a result of this thermonuclear reaction, a flash of light occurs and a star is born.
Illustration from the book "Professor Astrocat and His Journey into Space"
7. Yuri Gagarin
Gagarin was a fighter pilot in the Arctic, then he was selected from hundreds of other military pilots to join the cosmonaut corps. Yuri studied well and was ideally suited for height, weight and physical fitness. On April 12, 1961, after the famous 108 minutes of flight in space, Gagarin became one of the most famous people in the world.
Illustration from the book "Space"
8. Solar system
The solar system is a very busy place. Eight planets, including our Earth, revolve around the Sun in elliptical (slightly elongated annular) orbits. Seven more are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Venus, Mars and Mercury. The turnover of each of the planets lasts differently, from 88 days to 165 years.
Space is perhaps on this moment one of the greatest mysteries for all mankind. People do not get tired of exploring space, discussing it, putting forward a variety of theories, making a variety of assumptions, but still space remains something incredible, mysterious, unidentified to the end. And does it have an end that can be reached, guided by science? Most probably not. Probably, the cosmos throughout the entire existence of mankind will, to one degree or another, remain a mystery, an unsolvable mystery, like a huge Sphinx, the question of which cannot be answered. But still they study it, and therefore we know a lot about space, which amaze, and sometimes frighten. Let's take a closer look at some interesting facts about space and the Universe.
- About forty new stars are born in our Galaxy every year. How many of them appear in the entire Universe - it is difficult even to imagine the answer to this question.
- Silence reigns in space, as there is no medium for sound propagation. So those who like to be quiet would surely like space.
- For the first time, man looked at space through a telescope about four centuries ago. It was, of course, Galileo Galilei.
- Surprisingly, in space, all flowers we know will smell completely differently. And all because the smell of a flower depends on many different environmental factors.
- Interesting fact about space and planets - the sun more land approximately one hundred and ten times. It is even larger than Jupiter, which is known to be the giant of our solar system. But at the same time, if we compare the Sun with other stars in the Universe, then it will turn out to be incredibly tiny. For example, the Big Dog star is 1,500 times larger than the Sun.
- The first terrestrial creature in space is Laika the dog, which was launched into space on Sputnik 2 in 1957. The dog died on the ship due to lack of air. And the satellite itself burned out in the Earth's atmosphere due to a violation of its orbit.
- The first man in space is Yuri Gagarin. With a slight delay after Gagarin, Alan Shepard, an American cosmonaut, flew into space.
- The first woman in space is Valentina Tereshkova.
- Most of the atoms that make up human bodies were formed during the melting of stellar mass.
- On Earth, due to the presence of gravity, the flame tends upward, while in space it spreads in all directions.
- A person can never reach the edge of the Universe, since there is a curvature of space in space, due to which a person, moving constantly in a forward direction, will eventually return to the starting point. Scientists are not yet able to fully explain this.
- The average distance between stars is thirty-two million million kilometers.
- An interesting fact about black holes in space is that they are the brightest objects in the universe. In general, the gravity inside a black hole is so strong that even light cannot escape from there. But during its rotation, the black hole absorbs not only a variety of cosmic bodies, but also gas clouds, which begin to shine, twisting in a spiral. Meteors also start to burn as they hit the black hole.
- Approximately ten tons of cosmic dust falls to Earth every day.
- There are more than one hundred billion galaxies in the Universe, so there is a huge possibility that people are not alone within the boundaries of this Universe.
The most interesting facts about space can be collected and written down for an incredibly long time, since our Universe contains a huge number of secrets and mysteries, which we now, thanks to the development of science, can approach at least a few steps.
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Each of us has heard more than once that space is something outside our planet, it is the Universe. In general, space is a space that stretches endlessly in all directions, including galaxies and stars, and planets, cosmic dust and other objects. There is an opinion that there are other planets or even entire galaxies that are also inhabited by intelligent people.
A bit of history
The middle of the 20th century was remembered by many for the space race, from which the USSR emerged victorious. In 1957, an artificial satellite was first created and launched, and a little later the first living creature also visited space.
Two years later, an artificial satellite of the Sun went into orbit, and a station called "Luna-2" was able to be on the surface of the Moon. The legendary Belka and Strelka visited space only in 1960, and a year later a man also visited it.
1962 was remembered for the group flight of ships, and 1963 for the first time a woman was in orbit. Man managed to achieve open space two years later.
Each of the subsequent years of our history was marked by events related to
The station of international importance was organized in space only in 1998. It was the launch of satellites, and the organization and numerous flights of people from other countries.
What is he
The scientific point of view says that the cosmos are certain parts of the universe that surround themselves and their atmospheres. However, it cannot be called completely empty. It has been proven to contain some hydrogen and has interstellar matter. Scientists have also confirmed the existence of electromagnetic radiation within it.
Now science is not aware of data on the finite limits of space. Astrophysicists and radio astronomers argue that instruments are unable to "see" the entire cosmos. This despite the fact that their workspace spans 15 billion
Scientific hypotheses do not deny the possible existence of universes like ours, but there is also no confirmation of this. In general, space is the universe, it is the world. It is characterized by orderliness and materialization.
Study process
Animals were the first in space. People were afraid, but wanted to explore unknown spaces, so dogs, pigs and monkeys were used as pioneers. Some of them came back, some didn't.
Now people are actively exploring outer space. It has been proven that weightlessness adversely affects human health. It prevents fluids from moving in the right directions, which contributes to the loss of calcium in the body. Also, in space, people become somewhat plump, there are problems with the intestines and a blockage of the nose.
In outer space, almost every person gets sick with "space sickness". Its main symptoms are nausea, dizziness, headache... The consequence of this disease is hearing problems.
Space is the space in whose orbits one can observe the sunrise about 16 times a day. This, in turn, negatively affects biorhythms, prevents normal falling asleep.
Interestingly, mastering the toilet bowl in space is a whole science. Before this action starts to work out to perfection, all the astronauts train on the mock-up. The technique is practiced for a certain period of time. Scientists tried to organize a mini-toilet directly in the spacesuit itself, but this did not work out. Instead, they began to use ordinary diapers.
After returning home, every astronaut wonders for a while why objects fall down.
Not many people know why the first food products in space were presented in tubes or briquettes. In fact, swallowing food in outer space is a rather difficult task. Therefore, food was previously dehydrated to make this process more accessible.
Interestingly, people who snore in space do not encounter this process. An exact explanation of this fact is still difficult to give.
Death in space
Women who have artificially enlarged their breasts will never be able to learn about space. The explanation is simple - implants can explode. Unfortunately, the same fate can befall the lungs of any person if he finds himself in space without a spacesuit. This will happen due to decompression. The mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and eyes will simply boil.
Space in ancient philosophy
Space is a kind of structural concept in philosophy that is used to designate the world as a whole. Heraclitus applied the definition as a "peacebuilder" more than 500 years ago BC. This was also supported by the pre-Socratics - Parmenides, Democritus, Anaxagoras and Empedocles.
Plato and Aristotle tried to show the cosmos as an extremely complete being, an innocent being, an aesthetic whole. The perception of outer space was based largely on the mythology of the ancient Greeks.
In his work "On Heaven" Aristotle tries to compare these two concepts, to identify similarities and differences. In Plato's dialogue Timaeus, a fine line is traced between the cosmos itself and its founder. The philosopher argued that the cosmos arose consistently from matter and ideas, and the creator put his soul into it, divided it into elements.
The result was the cosmos as a living being with a mind. He is one and beautiful, includes the soul and body of the world.
Space in philosophy of the 19-20th centuries
The industrial revolution of modern times has completely distorted previous versions perception of outer space. A new "mythology" was taken as a basis.
At the turn of the century, a philosophical trend such as Cubism emerged. He largely embodied the laws, formulas, logical constructions and idealizations of Greek Orthodox ideas, which, in turn, borrowed them from ancient philosophers. Cubism is a good attempt to get to know a person himself, the world, his place in the world, his vocation, to determine the basic values.
He did not go far from the ancient ideas, but changed their root. Now space is in philosophy something with structural features that were based on the principles of Orthodox personalism. Something historical and evolutionary. Outer space can change for the better. Biblical traditions were taken as a basis.
In the minds of the philosophers of the 19-20s, the cosmos unites art and religion, physics and metaphysics, knowledge about the surrounding world and human nature.
conclusions
One can make a logical conclusion that space is that space, which is a single whole. Philosophical and scientific ideas about him are of the same nature, the only exceptions are ancient times. The topic "space" has always been in demand and enjoyed a healthy curiosity among people.
Now the universe is fraught with many more mysteries and secrets that you and I just have to unravel. Each person who finds himself in space discovers something new and unusual for himself and for all mankind, acquaints everyone with his feelings.
Outer space is a collection of various matters or objects. Some of them are closely studied by scientists, while the nature of others is generally incomprehensible.
Hello everybody!
A very interesting collection of facts about space for children.
Where did the universe come from?
The universe is so big that we don't even know if it has boundaries. It originated about 13.7 billion years ago when the Big Bang happened. At that moment, everything appeared: the matter from which the stars and planets are made, the forces of interaction between the particles of matter, even time and space were born in the process of the Big Bang. Why this happened, people still cannot explain.
Time passed. The universe expanded in all directions and finally began to take shape. Tiny particles were born from the vortices of energy. Hundreds of thousands of years later, they merged and turned into atoms - "bricks", of which everything that we see is composed. At the same time, light appeared, which began to move freely in space.
solar system
There are eight planets in our solar system, and they all revolve around the sun in the same direction. The force of attraction of the huge Sun, like an invisible rope, holds the planets, not allowing them to escape and fly into space. The first four planets - if we count in order from the Sun - are composed of rocks and are close enough to the star. They are called terrestrial planets. You can walk on the solid surface of these planets. The other four planets are made entirely of gases. If you stand on their surface, you can fall through and fly through the entire planet. These four gas giant much more terrestrial planets, and they are located very far from each other.
For a long time, it was believed that the most distant planet in our solar system is Pluto, which lies beyond Neptune in an area called the Kuiper Belt. But not so long ago, scientists decided that Pluto still cannot be considered a planet, because in the Kuiper belt there are other celestial bodies of the same size and even larger (for example, Eris is a planetoid, discovered in 2005).
If the Earth were a cherry tomato, what size would the rest of the planets be? If we were holding the Earth - a cherry tomato - in our hands, then the Sun would be at a distance of 500 meters from us and would have a diameter of only 4.5 meters.
Milky Way
All the stars that are visible to us from Earth are part of large groups - galaxies, similar to giant cosmic whirlpools. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way, or simply the Galaxy, and its shape resembles a pinwheel fireworks display. There are as many stars in it as a person cannot count in his entire life. Our Galaxy is constantly rotating, only very slowly: it takes as much as 225 million years to complete a revolution. The Milky Way can be seen with your own eyes. To do this, you need to go to nature, away from city lights, and look at the sky. A milky white streak of light will be visible there. This is the Milky Way.
First walk on the moon
On July 21, 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first humans to walk on the moon. They wore spacesuits, the multilayer coating of which protected from cold and cosmic radiation, and air cylinders, which made it possible to breathe in a vacuum. The suits were personal, and you could walk in them for up to 115 hours. It is very difficult to wear such spacesuits on Earth, but on the Moon they are almost weightless.
Sun and Earth
Every day we see the sun passing through the sky, but this is an optical illusion. In fact, the Sun stands still, and the Earth revolves around it and around its own axis. During the day, the Earth makes a full revolution around its axis, exposing the Sun to different sides. That is why it seems to us that the sun rises and sets. It is like circling around a bright lamp: it seems that it appears and disappears.
