How does a torpedo work? Modern torpedo, what is and what will be. Examples of the use of the word torpedo in literature
- (Torpedo) a steel cigar-shaped projectile with a length of 5.5 to 8.6 m and a diameter of 45 to 60 cm, equipped with an appropriate engine for movement in water. Torpedo. T. are the main weapon of submarines, destroyers and torpedo boats and... ... Naval Dictionary
TORPEDO- metal explosive projectile for action under water; They use it to blow up enemy ships, various underwater structures, etc. A complete dictionary of foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language. Popov M., 1907. torpedo (lat. torpedo... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
torpedo- ampoule, shell, mine, kaiten Dictionary of Russian synonyms. torpedo noun, number of synonyms: 9 aircraft torpedo (1) ... Synonym dictionary
TORPEDO- a self-propelled, self-guided and self-homing underwater projectile of a cigar shape, carrying a warhead (usual million nuclear) at the head to destroy ships, destroy berths, docks and other objects. Armed with torpedoes... ... Big Polytechnic Encyclopedia
TORPEDO- (from Lat. torpedo electric ramp) a self-propelled and self-controlled underwater projectile of a cigar shape, carrying a warhead (conventional or nuclear) at the head to destroy ships, destroy piers, docks and other objects.… … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
TORPEDO- TORPEDO, a self-propelled underwater PROJECTILE, equipped with a propulsion device, used by submarines, small warships and aircraft to disable enemy ships. Modern torpedoes can be launched from carrier rockets, and often have... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary
TORPEDO- TORPEDO, torpedoes, women. (from Latin torpedo, torpor). 1. Cigar-shaped self-propelled underwater mine (military). 2. A cigar-shaped car with an open body (special). 3. A fish from the group of stingrays, with a rounded body, capable of... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
TORPEDO- TORPEDO, s, female. Self-propelled and self-controlled underwater explosive projectile. Anti-submarine t. Jet t. Aviation t. (dropped into the water from an airplane). | adj. torpedo, oh, oh. Torpedo battery. T. apparatus (for throwing torpedoes). T.… … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
TORPEDO, s, w. 1. Swift, sharp, active person. 2. Ampoule sewn in against alcoholism. Terry alcoholic with a torpedo in the ass... Dictionary of Russian argot
torpedo- — Topics oil and gas industry EN double ended chargejack squibline squibtaw … Technical Translator's Guide
Torpedo- This term has other meanings, see Torpedo (meanings). Launching a torpedo from a Virginia-class submarine (artist’s drawing) ... Wikipedia
Books
- Torpedo for the Aurora, N. A. Cherkashin. The book by marine painter N.A. Cherkashin tells about unknown and dramatic pages in the history of the Russian Navy, about how the fate of ships and sailors unfolded in... Buy for 280 rubles
- Werewolf torpedo, Maxim Shakhov. A top-secret Russian missile torpedo was lost during a combat exercise. She fell into the hands of American intelligence services. An excellent provocative bomb capable of disrupting Russian negotiations and...
Currently, there is a serious increase in Russia's lag in the design and development of torpedo weapons. For a long time, the situation was somehow smoothed out by the presence in Russia of the Shkval missile-torpedoes, adopted in 1977; since 2005, similar weapons have appeared in Germany. There is information that the German Barracuda missile-torpedoes are capable of developing a higher speed than the Shkval, but for now Russian torpedoes of this type are more widespread. In general, the lag between conventional Russian torpedoes and foreign analogues reaches 20-30 years.
The main manufacturer of torpedoes in Russia is JSC Concern Morskoe Subdovanoye – Gidropribor. This enterprise, during the International Naval Show in 2009 (“IMMS-2009”), presented its developments to the public, in particular 533 mm. universal remote-controlled electric torpedo TE-2. This torpedo is designed to destroy modern enemy submarines in any area of the World Ocean.
The torpedo has the following characteristics: length with telecontrol coil (without coil) - 8300 (7900) mm, total weight - 2450 kg, warhead weight - 250 kg. The torpedo is capable of speeds from 32 to 45 knots at a range of 15 and 25 km, respectively, and has a service life of 10 years.
The torpedo is equipped with an acoustic homing system (active for surface targets and active-passive for underwater targets) and non-contact electromagnetic fuses, as well as a fairly powerful electric motor with a noise reduction device.
The torpedo can be installed on submarines and ships of various types and, at the request of the customer, is made in three different versions. The first TE-2-01 assumes mechanical, and the second TE-2-02 electrical input of data on a detected target. The third version of the TE-2 torpedo has smaller weight and dimensions with a length of 6.5 meters and is intended for use on NATO-type submarines, for example, on German Project 209 submarines.
The TE-2-02 torpedo was specially developed to arm Project 971 Bars class nuclear attack submarines, which carry missile and torpedo weapons. There is information that a similar nuclear submarine was purchased under contract by the Indian Navy.
The saddest thing is that such a torpedo already does not meet a number of requirements for such weapons, and is also inferior in its technical characteristics to foreign analogues. All modern Western-made torpedoes and even new Chinese-made torpedo weapons have hose remote control. On domestic torpedoes, a towed reel is used - a rudiment of almost 50 years ago. Which actually puts our submarines under enemy fire with much greater effective firing distances. Not one of the domestic torpedoes presented at the IMDS-2009 exhibition did not have a remote control hose reel; all of them were towed. In turn, all modern torpedoes are equipped with a fiber-optic guidance system, which is located on board the submarine, and not on the torpedo, which minimizes interference from false targets.
For example, the modern American long-range remote-controlled torpedo Mk-48, designed to hit high-speed underwater and surface targets, is capable of speeds of up to 55 and 40 knots at distances of 38 and 50 kilometers, respectively ( evaluate the capabilities of the domestic torpedo TE-2 45 and 32 knots at ranges of 15 and 25 km). The American torpedo is equipped with a multiple attack system, which is triggered when the torpedo loses its target. The torpedo is capable of independently detecting, capturing and attacking a target. The electronic content of the torpedo is configured in such a way that it allows it to hit enemy submarines in the area of the command post located behind the torpedo compartment.
Rocket torpedo "Shkval"
The only positive aspect at the moment can be considered the transition in the Russian fleet from thermal to electric torpedoes and missile-fueled weapons, which are an order of magnitude more resistant to all kinds of disasters. Let us recall that the Kursk nuclear submarine with 118 crew members on board, which died in the Barents Sea in August 2000, sank as a result of a thermal torpedo explosion. Now torpedoes of the class with which the submarine missile carrier Kursk was armed have already been discontinued and are not in use.
The most likely development of torpedo weapons in the coming years will be the improvement of so-called cavitating torpedoes (aka rocket torpedoes). Their distinctive feature is the nasal disk with a diameter of about 10 cm, which creates an air bubble in front of the torpedo, which helps reduce water resistance and allows you to achieve acceptable accuracy at high speeds. An example of such torpedoes is the domestic missile-torpedo “Shkval” with a diameter of 533 mm, which is capable of reaching speeds of up to 360 km/h, the mass of the warhead is 210 kg, the torpedo does not have a homing system.
The spread of this type of torpedo is hampered, not least by the fact that at high speeds of their movement it is difficult to decipher hydroacoustic signals to control the missile-torpedo. Such torpedoes use a jet engine as propulsion instead of a propeller, which in turn makes them difficult to control; some types of such torpedoes can only move in a straight line. There is information that work is currently underway to create a new Shkval model, which will receive a homing system and increased weight of the warhead.
Modern torpedo- a formidable weapon for surface ships, naval aviation and submarines. It allows you to quickly and accurately deliver a powerful blow to the enemy at sea. This is an autonomous, self-propelled and controlled underwater projectile containing 0.5 tons of explosive or nuclear warhead.The secrets of developing torpedo weapons are the most guarded, because the number of states that own these technologies is even smaller than the members of the nuclear missile club.
Currently, there is a serious increase in Russia's lag in the design and development of torpedo weapons. For a long time, the situation was somehow smoothed out by the presence in Russia of the Shvkal missile-torpedoes, adopted in 1977, but since 2005, similar torpedo weapons have appeared in Germany.
There is information that the German Barracuda missile-torpedoes are capable of developing a higher speed than the Shkval, but for now Russian torpedoes of this type are more widespread. In general, the lag of conventional Russian torpedoes from foreign analogues reaches 20-30 years .
The main manufacturer of torpedoes in Russia is JSC Concern Marine Underwater Weapons - Gidropribor. During the International Naval Show in 2009 (“IMMS-2009”), this enterprise presented its developments to the public, in particular 533-mm universal remote-controlled electric torpedo TE-2. This torpedo is designed to destroy modern enemy submarines in any area of the World Ocean.
The TE-2 torpedo has the following characteristics:
— length with telecontrol coil (without coil) – 8300 (7900) mm;
- total weight - 2450 kg;
- mass of combat charge - 250 kg;
— the torpedo is capable of speeds from 32 to 45 knots at a range of 15 and 25 km, respectively;
- has a service life of 10 years.
The TE-2 torpedo is equipped with an acoustic homing system(active against surface targets and active-passive against underwater targets) and non-contact electromagnetic fuses, as well as a fairly powerful electric motor with a noise reduction device.
The TE-2 torpedo can be installed on submarines and ships of various types and at the request of the customer made in three different versions:
— the first TE-2-01 involves mechanical input of data on a detected target;
- second TE-2-02 electrical data input for a detected target;
— the third version of the TE-2 torpedo has smaller weight and dimensions with a length of 6.5 meters and is intended for use on NATO-style submarines, for example, on German Project 209 submarines.
Torpedo TE-2-02 was specially developed for arming Project 971 Bars class nuclear attack submarines, which carry missile and torpedo weapons. There is information that a similar nuclear submarine was purchased under contract by the Indian Navy.
The saddest thing is that a similar TE-2 torpedo does not already meet a number of requirements for such weapons, and is also inferior in its technical characteristics to foreign analogues. All modern Western-made torpedoes and even new Chinese-made torpedo weapons have hose remote control.
On domestic torpedoes, a towed reel is used - a rudiment of almost 50 years ago. Which actually puts our submarines under enemy fire with much greater effective firing distances.
The goal of any military action is to hit the enemy while remaining invulnerable. This definition of the target was a necessary condition for the development of new types of weapons. This was manifested in its most complete form during the creation of remote-action naval weapons, which led to the appearance of torpedoes in the fleet.
The predecessors of torpedoes were river floating mines, the inventor of which was a full member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences B. S. Jacobi.
Thanks to the creation of steam engines, pole and towed mines appeared. The first of them was attached to a ten-meter metal pole installed on board the boat. When the boat approached the enemy ship at a certain distance, the mine hit the side of the ship below the waterline. The second was towed on a cable, and had to be pulled so that it would hit the enemy ship. Since their use required getting close to the enemy, this was dangerous and not always feasible.
The creation of a self-propelled mine became possible after the advent of compact power plants (engines) running on compressed air.
In 1865, the Russian designer I.F. Aleksandrovsky proposed a project for a self-propelled projectile to the Navy Ministry. However, this development was considered premature. Three years later, Aleksandrovsky’s project was reviewed again, and the inventor was offered to make a mine at his own expense, with subsequent reimbursement of costs in the event of successful tests. But by this time, priority in creating a torpedo already belonged to the Englishman R. Whitehead.
In 1866, Whitehead, who worked in Austria-Hungary at a factory in the city of Fiume (now Rijeka), officially announced the self-propelled mine he had designed together with Lieutenant of the Austrian Navy I. Luppis, called “torpedo” (from the Latin word torpedo - "electric Stingray"). A year later, a prototype of the new weapon was made.
Aleksandrovsky succeeded in constructing his own torpedo in 1874, and he provided strong competition to Whitehead.
Tests have shown that Aleksandrovsky’s weapons are not inferior to foreign ones, and in some respects they are superior to them. Nevertheless, the Navy Ministry bought torpedoes abroad. In total, Russia acquired 250 foreign self-propelled mines.
During the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878. the young naval lieutenant S. O. Makarov, the future famous admiral, ensured that he was given four torpedoes (Whitehead mines), purchased before the war in Fiume. To launch them, a pipe was installed under the keel of one of the boats - a prototype of a torpedo tube; the other boat was supposed to launch a torpedo from a raft tied to the side.
January 14, 1878 went down in naval history as the date of the first successful torpedo strike. From a distance of 60 m, two boats simultaneously fired torpedoes. They hit the side of the Turkish patrol steamer Intibah. There was an explosion, then a strong crash from the broken ship. The steamer lay on the right side and quickly sank to the bottom. One or two minutes passed before the masts disappeared.
The Chesma and Sinop boats, from which the torpedoes were fired, are rightfully considered the founders of torpedo boats and group torpedo strike tactics. An important result of the bold attacks of Makarov and his associates was that Russian shipbuilders created another class of ships - destroyers. They could sail on the open sea and launch torpedo attacks on enemy ships there.
In the second half of the 19th century. the torpedo was one of the most convincing embodiments of the latest achievements of science and technology. Since their invention, torpedoes have been improved, and their parameters have improved significantly.
The experience of the First World War clearly showed that torpedo weapons are one of the most effective combat weapons of the fleet. During the period between the world wars, interest in this type of naval weapon increased even more. The search for new types of charges for torpedoes, fuses, flammable substances, engines, and homing systems continued.
A modern torpedo is a self-propelled, self-guided and self-homing underwater cigar-shaped projectile that carries a warhead (conventional or nuclear) at the head to destroy ships, destroy piers, docks and other objects.
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Submarines, surface ships, torpedo boats, airplanes, and helicopters are armed with torpedoes. On ships they are launched using torpedo tubes.
A torpedo tube is a device on ships for storing and firing torpedoes: a pipe with a diameter and length corresponding to the caliber of the fired torpedo, devices for entering data into the torpedo from the fire control system.
After World War II, the torpedo was improved, and its modernization acquired a clear anti-submarine focus. It was the homing torpedo projectile that became the main enemy of modern nuclear submarines. Currently, most torpedoes are anti-submarine or dual-purpose.
In the newest modifications of torpedoes, in addition to complex automation and computer technology, there are computers that control the power plant, choosing the optimal mode of movement, as well as the homing system. This makes it possible to recognize and classify targets, distinguish them from simulators and traps, and ensure that enemy military equipment reaches the most vulnerable point.
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Meaning of the word torpedo
torpedo in the crossword dictionary
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov
torpedo
torpedoes, w. (from Latin torpedo - torpor).
Cigar-shaped self-propelled underwater mine (military).
A cigar-shaped car with an open body (special).
A fish from the group of stingrays, with a rounded body, capable of producing electric shocks (zool.).
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova.
torpedo
Y, f. Self-propelled and self-controlled underwater explosive projectile. Anti-submarine t. Jet t. Aviation t. (dropped into the water from an airplane).
adj. torpedo, oh, oh. Torpedo battery. T. apparatus (for throwing torpedoes). T. boat (armed with torpedoes). T. blow.
New explanatory dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.
torpedo
and. A self-propelled and homing cigar-shaped underwater projectile, as well as a special type of aerial bomb.
and. The name of a cigar-shaped passenger car with an open body (in the USSR in the 20s and 30s).
and. A round-shaped fish of the stingray family, capable of producing electric shocks.
Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998
torpedo
TORPEDO (from Latin torpedo - electric ramp) is a self-propelled and self-controlled underwater projectile of a cigar shape, carrying a warhead (conventional or nuclear) in the head for destroying ships, destroying piers, docks and other objects. Submarines, surface ships, torpedo boats, airplanes, and helicopters are armed with torpedoes. They are launched on ships using torpedo tubes.
Torpedo
[from lat. torpedo ≈ electric stingray (fish)], a type of weapon that is a self-propelled, self-guided underwater cigar-shaped projectile carrying an explosive charge (conventional or nuclear). Designed to disable submarines, surface ships, destroy berths, docks and other objects located at the water's edge. It is in service with submarines, anti-submarine ships, destroyers, torpedo boats, as well as airplanes and helicopters. On ships, torpedoes are launched using torpedo tubes.
The first example of T. was built in 1866 by the Englishmen R. Whitehead and M. Luppis. It was similar to a spindle, 3.5 m long, total mass 140 kg (explosive mass about 8 kg), had a range of up to 800 m at a speed of 6≈8 knots (11≈15 km/h). Since the 70s T. quickly entered service with the navies of many states and soon became the main weapon of destroyers, submarines, and torpedo boats; were also available on battleships and cruisers. First used by Russian ships during the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–78. They were used in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904≈05 (263 T. produced) and World War I of 1914≈18 (1500 T. produced). Before World War II (1939–45), the engine of the turbine was a piston engine powered by a steam-gas mixture; during the war, it was a turbine. In the early 30s. torpedo-carrying aircraft appeared. In World War II, only submarines, surface ships, and torpedo-carrying aircraft of the United States and Great Britain produced about 30 thousand tons. The Japanese armed forces used human-controlled vehicles (see Kaiten).
The engines of modern fleets, depending on the type of engine, are divided into steam-gas, electric and jet. The body length of the T. ranges from 2.6 to 9 m or more. The missile has a contact fuse, which is triggered when the explosive hits the ship's hull, or a non-contact fuse, which is triggered when it is exposed to various physical fields of the ship at a certain distance, ensuring that the ship is damaged by the explosion of a charge under its bottom. T. are equipped with complex equipment that automatically controls their movement in direction and depth. Depending on the nature of the trajectory, vehicles are divided into homing, maneuvering, and straight forward. Universal missiles are capable of hitting submarines and surface ships.
F. I. Kozlov.
Wikipedia
Torpedo
Torpedo- self-propelled combat projectile. In the case of a naval torpedo, it is a self-propelled underwater projectile. A naval torpedo consists of a cylindrical streamlined body with tail and propellers, or with a jet nozzle in the tail (torpedo missile). The warhead of a torpedo contains a nuclear or non-nuclear warhead, fuel, engine and control devices.
The most common caliber of naval torpedoes is 533 mm (21 inches) (samples from 254 to 660 mm are also known). The average length is about 7 m, weight is about 2 tons, explosive charge is 200-400 kg.
Naval torpedoes are in service with surface (torpedo boats, destroyers, etc.) and submarine ships, airplanes and helicopters, and as an integral part are part of anti-submarine missile systems.
Examples of the use of the word torpedo in literature.
Therefore, hitting torpedoes could completely destroy both hangars, but the aircraft carrier itself did not receive fatal damage; the engines, as a rule, remained intact, as did most of the weapons.
The operators apparently already received detailed instructions, so there was no need to clarify - the aircraft carrier fired four torpedoes, which rushed towards the asteroid.
Despite the fact that the aircraft carrier was almost a kilometer away from it, the cavity burned in the left flydeck by the explosion was clearly visible torpedoes.
This was a man as he was seen by an inhabitant of the deep sea: legs-fins, fused like a mermaid, a slightly thickened body, like an aquarium goldfish, the sloping shoulders of a swimmer, a thin neck and a bare head resembling a tip torpedoes.
Meanwhile, the target destroyer, knowing that the best specialist of the fleet was supposed to fire at it and that the commander was on the attacking ship, decided that the lack of traces torpedoes under the keel only means the disgraceful state of its own surveillance service.
If we ourselves run into a mine or torpedo hits us on board, then even valerian drops will not help: we will be left with ashes.
Cosmoglitter, leaving another torpedoes, walked straight into a rotating bunch of stones, each of which weighed several tons and at such speeds would have been able to pierce the rocket right through.
The counter continued to count down the decreasing distance, and when two and a half thousand kilometers remained to the target, Blair fired torpedo, noticing the red and blue exhaust of her engine.
The Guardian did not have time to escape - the Finn released torpedo, she instantly covered the distance between them, and the Guardian exploded, scattering debris around the tail fin.
Meanwhile torpedoes were rapidly approaching and Ji Hegemon displayed a matrix defense diagram on the screen.
Torpedo switched to active sonar mode, gives a signal and listens, gives a signal and listens.
And then it was clear that within a minute Goldsmith would have the opportunity to plant an adversary torpedo.
Use Bror torpedoes or missiles, the deflector will protect you from this misfortune, but then you will have to restore it.
On the night of July 4, at about three o'clock, the convoy was attacked by torpedo bombers and lost its 104first ship - a transport damaged torpedo enemy, but finished off by escort ships.
My analysis of sensory circuits in torpedo, which Mark dismantled, showed that they were a duplex system.
