DIY speech development game. DIY didactic games. Air football game
Tactile counting cards.
A lot about sensory development has been written in the works of Maria Montessori, who taught children to distinguish materials by touch and remember adjectives that describe tactile sensations - smooth, rough, rough, slippery, ribbed, etc.
Such tactile cards can easily be made at home using available materials without spending money.
DESCRIPTION.
“Touching Game” (from the word touch) is a set of 10 cards with different surfaces and numbers from 1 to 10.
WHAT'S THE USE.
Tactile cards develop the child’s sensory perception, tactile memory, fine motor skills of the fingers, and as a result have a beneficial effect on the baby’s mental potential and promote learning to count from 1 to 10.
MATERIALS.
- cardboard for the base;
- glue “Moment”;
- scissors;
- numbers made of velvet paper
- materials with different surfaces (sandpaper, felt, satin ribbon, pieces of leather, wood, plastic, buttons, the prickly part of Velcro, etc.)
When making a second set of cards, game variations can be different, for example:
we take several pairs of cards, turn them face down, then in turn each player opens two cards, if they match, then the player takes the cards for himself, and if not, then puts them in place;
we take one card at a time, swipe it along the hand (leg), the child needs to guess what kind of card it is, but first, of course, you need to say the name of each material and touch everything carefully;
find identical cards;
It's interesting to just touch it.
Educational toy for children: "Box with cups - inserts."
The essence of the game is simple and obvious to any adult, but the little one still has to master this “so simple and difficult” task!
DESCRIPTION.
Making a toy is really easy. We take any cardboard box, preferably a stronger one. Next, we cover the box with colored paper.
You definitely need to put something rattling and ringing in the cups, so that along with the flowers, children develop sound perception. You need to try to make the clinking of the cups different. To do this, put buckwheat in one glass, rice in another, semolina in a third, and seeds in a fourth.
We cover the tops of the cups with cardboard and glue them with glue, not forgetting to attach a loop to each one.
We make a delimiter inside the box, and add pebbles of a certain color inside each hole (by color).
WHAT'S THE USE.
Consolidating knowledge of size; colors; development of hand motor skills, counting skills.
Variations of games can be different, for example:
arrange the pebbles by color;
count how many pebbles of one color or another;
guess what is in the cup, remember the sound and try to determine what is in the cup by the sound;
It's interesting to just touch it.
Sorter: "Flower jar".
A sorter is a children's educational toy, the main purpose of which is to sort objects according to one or more criteria. These characteristics are usually shape, size or color. The development of fine motor skills of the hands is the main, but not the only purpose of the sorter. Sorters develop the child’s logical thinking, coordination of movements, sensory skills, form analysis skills, the ability to compare and find cause-and-effect relationships, introduce the baby to the shapes of various objects, and teach colors. What is a sorter?
Description of the manual: This is a jar in which there are holes of various shapes: these are rectangular holes of primary colors for large beads from old abacus painted in a certain color, holes for pushing counting sticks also in colors, holes for laces (laces), and screwing on lids of a certain color to the flower. You need to insert figures of appropriate shape into these holes.
Variability:
Screwing the centers to a certain color flower;
Lacing;
Pushing certain items by color
Dry aquarium. (for children 2-7 years old).
A “dry aquarium” - a set of kinder eggs collected in a plastic basin or box, can be offered to a child at any time: when he is in a bad mood, or, conversely, he is too excited, or he simply has nothing to do. The main value of this manual is that the child is not afraid of breaking or losing something. By plunging as deeply as possible into the “aquarium” filler (eggs), the child’s hands are massaged, the fingers become more sensitive, and their movements are coordinated.
Self-massage of hands and fingers in a “dry aquarium” (“pool”) promotes:
- normalization of muscle tone;
- stimulation of tactile sensations;
- increasing the volume and amplitude of movements of the fingers;
- formation of voluntary, coordinated movements of the fingers.
Option 1. “Bathing” hands in a “dry aquarium”, immersing hands, arms up to the elbows, up to the shoulders in the covers, rustling with eggs. Self-massage in a “dry pool” can be performed to music or accompanied by a poetic text: Place your hands in the “pool”, mix the eggs, simultaneously squeezing and unclenching your hands, saying: In the “pool” the eggs are different: green and red. We decided to look at them and let our fingers run wild, causing a commotion there so that our fingers wouldn’t be sad.
Option 2. Hide Kinder surprise toys at the bottom of the “pool”. Dip your hands into the “pool”, mix the eggs, then find and take out the toys.
Games will give the concept of size, will contribute to the development of fine motor skills, teach how to solve logical problems, and develop creative abilities.
Didactic manual “Place the pencils in cups.”
Goals:
develop fine motor skills of the fingers;
attention;
logical thinking.
develop the ability to distinguish colors;
learn to combine a pencil with a glass; act purposefully, sequentially: from left to right
Description of the tutorial: Cut out rectangles and pencil shapes from ceiling tiles. We cover the rectangles to the middle with squares of self-adhesive film of different colors. We paste the pencils with the corresponding colors. Fast, beautiful, economical!
Variability: invite children to find a mistake (put one of the pencils in the wrong color or shade), and correct it, while pointing out the mistake.
Didactic manual “Place the eggs in your houses”
Goals:
Description of the tutorial: Paint the cells of the egg container with the main colors and varnish them. We tie the Kinder Surprise capsules in the appropriate color.
The result is a bright and beautiful manual.
Children must arrange the eggs into houses according to their color.
If possible, name the color of the eggs and the color of the houses.
find identical testicles
count how many eggs of a certain color
arrange the eggs according to color into plates
The game “Geokont” is a wooden field with “nails” attached to it, on which multi-colored rubber bands are pulled during the game. each “stud” has its own coordinates (for example, Zh-2 – yellow “ray”, second “stud”).
"Geokont" is an original designer. Using multi-colored rubber bands on the playing field, you can create geometric shapes of various sizes, multi-colored contours of object forms in the surrounding world, and symmetrical asymmetrical patterns.
The set of the game "Geokont" includes the methodological work "Skillful Paws". this is a fairy-tale story about Yucca the Spider and his grandchildren - spiderlings, game tasks, diagrams.
The methodological fairy tale “Little Geo, Raven Meter and I, Uncle Slava” opens a cycle of fairy tales of the Violet Forest. In it, “Geokont” becomes the Wonderful Glade of Golden Fruits. The fairy tale “revitalizes” geometric concepts, making them interesting and understandable for preschoolers. Its plot is structured in such a way that the child, by completing tasks, helps the fairy tales overcome the obstacles that arise in their path.
The educational essence of the game.
The game "Geokont" develops the sensory and cognitive abilities of preschoolers. Independent construction of geometric figures, when visual and tactile analyzers are involved, contributes to the formation of ideas about the standards of form. Play activities develop fine motor skills of the fingers, memory, speech, spatial thinking and creative imagination, the ability to coordinate one’s actions, analyze, and compare. Preschoolers become familiar with such a property as elasticity (rubber bands stretch and return to their original position). The use of schemes in play activities contributes to the formation of the symbolic function of consciousness. Constructing figures on a sheet of paper according to the coordinates of the playing field prepares children for mastering simple programming. Using a coordinate grid, preschoolers can draw a plan of the playing field and diagrams of figures using a verbal formula.
The game “Geokont” and the fairy tale “Little Geo, Raven Meter and I, Uncle Slava” immerse the child in the world of geometry, he masters the basic geometric concepts: “ray”, “straight line”, “point”, “segment”, “angle”, "polygon", etc.
Guidelines.
The game "Geokont" is used for the mathematical development of preschool children, introducing them to the objective world, developing design skills and solving creative problems. In addition, the fairy-tale environment helps preschoolers indirectly perceive the main learning task. For example, during the game, children face an “obstacle” (task, question, task, etc.). The personification of this obstacle is an elastic band (“web”) of any color stretched in the Geokont field. If the problem is solved correctly, it “disappears.”
Junior preschool age. When mastering the game “Geokont”, children of primary preschool age simply pull rubber bands onto “nails”. Then they construct simple geometric figures, elementary contours of object forms and create images of objects according to their own plans. Children are introduced to the characters of the fairy tale and told a simplified version of it.
Senior preschool age. Children of senior preschool age not only construct geometric figures or object forms, but also perform more complex developmental game tasks and become familiar with the concepts of “ray”, “straight line”, “curve”, “segment”. Preschoolers draw a plan of the playing field, memorize the coordinates of the points, and transfer figures invented and constructed on Geokont onto the plan. Game activities with “Geokont” are based on a fairy tale plot.
Decoration - decoupage technique. We train our fingers and hang fleece, paper, felt (whatever you like best) clothes on strings using clothespins!
Tactile pillow. Training in fastening different types of fasteners.
Didactic manual “Place the pebbles in your houses”
Goals:
develop the ability to distinguish and correctly name the 4 primary colors;
learn to combine a testicle with a cell, perform correlating actions (color guide); act purposefully, sequentially: from left to right, without skipping cells; develop fine motor skills of the fingers.
Children must arrange the pebbles into houses according to their color.
If possible, name the color of the stones and the color of the houses.
When making the second manual and using disposable plates of 4 main colors, variations can be different, for example:
teach children to distinguish colors and use the names of colors in speech.
develop fine motor skills of hands
find identical testicles
count how many pebbles of a certain color
arrange the pebbles by color into boxes
Fairy tale "Turnip" on clothespins. MK from me
I suggest you make a fairy tale “Turnip” for your kids. This method using clothespins develops the kids’ imagination, attention, they can independently rearrange the characters, develops the baby’s motor skills and tactile perception. The point is that the clothespins easily attach to each other.
Actually, what I’m saying is, let’s try to create a fairy tale together and you will see everything for yourself!
To work you will need:
Cardboard with images of characters (I copied them from the Internet and mirrored the drawing so that the characters were visible from 2 sides, this allows you to gather several children around you and no one will remain indifferent), scissors, clothespins 8 pcs (I took wooden ones, clean material, but you can use any kind), glue (I used hot-melt glue, I had it on hand, but you can use anything that glues paper to wood). The whole action, along with printing the characters, will take a maximum of an hour.
We cut out all our characters and glue the heroes of the fairy tale with glue to the base of the clothespin on both sides.
!!!Before you stick it, look carefully to see if the characters are positioned in the right direction!!!
For the theater, you can also take a box and stick the background of the fairy tale and the ground on the inside of the sides, place the box and perform all the actions against its background.
We finished doing it and then the fairy tale began..... 
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This construction set, easy to make and use, is intended for preschoolers from 2 to 7 years old. It will not only entertain your baby, but will also bring benefits: it will train his fingers and introduce him to colors and shades in a playful way. It can be successfully used at home, in kindergarten, and in the country. The designer is hygienic (it can be washed) and completely safe for children over 3 years old.
To make the construction set, you only need Velcro, also called Velcro, 2 cm wide and scissors. There are scissors in every home, and Velcro is sold in all sewing stores that sell measured goods - ribbons, lace, elastic bands, etc. To make the construction set elegant and interesting, buy Velcro in 5-7 different colors, choosing the brightest and most beautiful - yellow, red, green, blue, orange... You don’t need to make too many parts of the same color, so it’s enough to buy 50 cm of Velcro each color. It will cost no more than 100 rubles.
That's all! The “Velkroshka” construction set is ready!
Of course, for a kindergarten group, you can make a construction set with a much larger number of parts so that there is enough for everyone.
How to play with the constructor
Like any educational toy, this construction set will only be useful if you use it correctly and show your child all its interesting possibilities.
To begin with, children 2-3 years old should be given very simple tasks.
Task No. 1. Take 5 double strips of different colors, separate them, mix them and ask your child to connect them again, keeping the color match. When this task becomes too easy, increase the number of stripes by adding several stripes of the same color. So the baby will have to select the halves not only by color, but also by properties, because the Velcro strips have two sides - fluffy and “burdocky”, and only different ones are combined with each other. Babies have a very developed sense of touch, so they get great pleasure from such tactile variety.
Task No. 2. Connect the strips to each other in a random order and ask your child to restore order - separate the incorrectly connected strips, and then connect strips of the same colors to each other. Peeling apart Velcro strips is fun for kids and replaces the popular paper ripping exercise for toddlers.
Task No. 3. When the child understands the paired strips - learns to separate and connect them, you can complicate the task. Ask your child to connect all the strips of the same color with their ends into a long line, alternating fluffy and “burdock” parts.
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The next stage is the task of connecting the ends of strips of two or three colors and asking the child to continue the line, repeating the given color pattern. Then, the task can be further complicated by using corners, crosses, squares, and rings as parts of the ornament. |
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Children over 3 years old can already be shown how to assemble geometric shapes and images from construction kit parts. It’s better to start with repetition tasks - an adult makes a figurine, and then asks the child to make one exactly the same in color and shape, or just in shape, using any other colors they like. |
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Be sure to show your kids the techniques by which the strips can change their shape and connect to each other. Thus, parts with different surfaces can be connected in different ways: overlapping at different angles, ends in a line, in a ring or in a “boat”, sides in a wide strip, along the entire length with a shift (which allows you to obtain parts of different lengths with ends of different types of mating , or close one part on the surface of another into a round ring. |
Only after the kids learn to repeat the models assembled by adults and master a variety of design techniques, you can give tasks in words, for example, make a bunny or make a rocket, encouraging the child to use the acquired skills, memory and imagination.
The capabilities of “Velkroshka”, despite its simplicity, are diverse enough to depict plants, animals, objects, architectural structures and much more.
ATTENTION! Do not leave a child under 3 years of age unattended with a construction set to prevent them from putting the parts in their mouth and swallowing them. Children over 3 years old can play with the construction set independently.
After finishing working with the designer, connect all the strips in pairs, fold them together and pull them crosswise using two strips connected at the ends. In this form, the Velkroshka construction set takes up little space, does not need a box, does not cling to anything, and is convenient to take with you.
Make an interesting educational toy for your child with your own hands!
Municipal autonomous educational institution
"Secondary school No. 10."
Master Class
"Developmental didactic games with your own hands."
Performed by Nazarova Yu.I.
Gai urban district
2016
Topic: do-it-yourself educational didactic games.
First, let's figure out what the word “game” means? A game is a type of cultural, human activity, the motive of which lies not in its results, but in the process itself. It is important in the upbringing, training and development of children as a means of psychological preparation for future life situations. Now let's see what a didactic game is - an activity whose meaning and purpose is to give children certain knowledge and skills, and the development of mental abilities. Didactic games are games designed for learning.
Didactic games play a dual role in the pedagogical process: firstly, they are a teaching method, and secondly, they are an independent gaming activity. As a first, they are widely used in classes to familiarize children with the environment, with living nature, to form elementary mathematical concepts, to develop speech in order to teach children certain methods of mental action, to systematize, clarify and consolidate knowledge. At the same time, the content of the game and its rules are subordinated to educational tasks put forward by the specific program requirements of a particular type of activity. In this case, the initiative in choosing and conducting the game belongs to the teacher. As an independent play activity, they are carried out outside of school hours.
In both cases, the teacher leads the didactic games, but the role is different. If in class he teaches children how to play, introduces them to the rules and game actions, then in the students’ independent games he participates as a partner or referee, monitors their relationships, and evaluates behavior.
Guide to didactic games
In the management of games, three stages should be distinguished: preparation, conduct, analysis of results.
1. Preparation for the game includes the following: selection of the game in accordance with the objectives of education and training of a specific age group, taking into account the time of the game (during class hours or outside of school hours), location (in a group room, on the site, on a walk, etc. .); determining the number of participants (entire group, subgroup, one child).
Preparation for the game also includes the selection of the necessary didactic material (manuals, toys, pictures, natural material).
The teacher chooses a game, invites the children to play, starts and invites the children.
Younger age : a visual explanation of the entire course of the game while playing together with an adult.
Average age : explanation of 1-2 rules, specific ones are given during the game in joint activity with an adult, you can use a trial run of the game, where the teacher clarifies the rules.
Older age : verbal explanation of the rules before the game, explanation of the meaning of the rules, if complex, then demonstration and trial moves are used.
2. If the teacher carefully prepares for the game, then conducting it itself will not cause difficulties. Any didactic game must have both game rules and game actions. If one of these conditions is missing, it turns into a didactic exercise.
The teacher controls the process of the game, reinforces the ability to play, monitors the implementation of the rules, using reminders, additional explanations, assessments, questions, and advice.
Younger age : the teacher plays the role of a leader, during the game he connects game actions with the rules.
Average age : the teacher acts through the rule and does not directly suggest game actions.
Older age : the rules are explained before the game, children are involved in explaining their content.
3. Summing up the game is a crucial moment in its management. The teacher notes those who followed the rules well, helped their comrades, were active, and honest. Analysis of the game should be aimed at identifying effective methods of playing it, as well as mistakes made (what did not work and why).
Structural elements of the game
The structure of a didactic game includes: task, action, rule, result, conclusion of the game.
Task. Each didactic game has a precisely established task, which is subordinated to the actual didactic goal. Children are offered tasks whose solution requires a certain amount of intellectual effort and mental work. By completing a task in a game, a child activates his thinking, exercises his memory and observation skills.
The objectives of didactic games come down to several types:
Compare and select objects based on the same, different or similar characteristics (the task becomes more complicated according to the age of the children).
Classify and distribute objects or pictures. Children classify pictures or objects by type or material from which they are made.
Identify an object by several or only one characteristic. Children guess objects from a simple description, or one of them describes the thing, and the rest guess.
Exercise attention and memory. Children must remember a fact or a certain composition of objects, a group of players, etc., and determine the change that occurred in their absence.
Action . In each didactic game, the task is accomplished by an action that determines and organizes the behavior of each child and unites the children into a single team. It directly attracts children's interest and determines their emotional attitude to the game.
The action in the game must meet two basic conditions:
a) be sure to obey the task and fulfill the educational purpose of the game;
b) be entertaining and exciting until the end of the game.
In a well-designed educational game, children should not suspect that they are learning anything. Here the activity should, to a greater or lesser extent, hide the educational, didactic purpose of the game.
Rule : activities in the didactic game are strictly related to the rules. They determine how the child should behave during play, what he can and cannot do. It is important that the rules correspond to age characteristics and are compensated by entertaining activities. Therefore, it must be interesting so that the child willingly obeys the rules.
Result, conclusion of the game : the result of the game is solving the problem and following the rules.
The result is assessed from two points of view: from the point of view of the children and from the point of view of the teacher. When assessing the result from the children’s point of view, we take into account what moral and spiritual satisfaction the game brought to the children. When performing didactic tasks, children show intelligence, resourcefulness, attention, and memory. All this gives children moral satisfaction, increases self-confidence, and fills them with a sense of joy.
It is important for the educator whether the task has been completed, whether the prescribed actions have been carried out, whether it has brought certain results in this regard. At the end of some didactic games, you need to reward the participants, praise the children, or assign them leading roles in the game.
Types of didactic games
Didactic games differ in educational content, cognitive activity of children, game actions and rules, organization and relationships of children, and the role of the teacher.
In preschool pedagogy, all didactic games can be divided into 3 main types: games with objects, board-printed and word games.
Games with objects : for them it is necessary to select objects that differ in properties: color, shape, size, purpose, use, etc.
Board-printed games - This is a very exciting activity for children. Most often, didactic games with paired pictures, cut pictures and cubes are used. In this case, for middle-aged children, one or more objects should be depicted: toys, trees, clothes or dishes. Children can independently differentiate their distinctive features: size, color, shape, purpose. To work with cut pictures, older preschoolers can be asked to independently put together a whole picture from its parts without first examining the whole image.
Word games are built on a combination of words and actions of the players. In such games it is required to use previously acquired knowledge in new connections, in new circumstances. Therefore, in junior and middle groups, games with words are aimed mainly at developing speech, cultivating correct sound pronunciation, clarifying, consolidating and activating vocabulary, developing correct orientation in space, and the formation of dialogic and monologue speech.
Now I’ll show you what games I made with my own hands. The first game is “who eats what?”
Materials: Cardboard, scissors, clothespins, glue or glue gun, gramophone record or other solid base.
First, we look on the Internet for pictures of animals and what they eat. We print out the animals we like on cardboard or draw them ourselves.
Carefully cut out the animal faces and glue them onto clothespins.
The basis for the game can be a gramophone record; I have the lid from a round box.
Progress of the game: The child is asked to attach clothespins with animal faces to the circle in such a way as to indicate the correspondence between the animal and the type of food.
One more game"Mom and Cub." We look for pets on the Internet, print them on cardboard or draw them ourselves. Carefully cut out the cards. On one side, we make holes with a hole punch.
We prepare laces according to the number of animals.
Progress of the game: the child is asked to tie the mother of the animal and her baby with a string.
We put everything in a beautiful box (you can cover a candy box with self-adhesive paper, or just colored paper) and write the name of the game. Ready. 
Didactic games teach children to distinguish between primary colors, size and shape of objects. Children develop creativity, curiosity, observation,skills of independent activity are formed.
Educational game for children
"Flower Glade"
Making a game is not difficult. We take any cardboard box. We make holes in it, cut out bottle necks and screw them into the box. Then we cut out flowers of the main colors - green, red, blue, yellow and select caps of the same colors.
Target: fixing color; development of hand motor skills, counting skills.
Variations of games can be different, for example:
. choose flowers according to the color of their centers;
. lay out flowers of one specific color;
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count how many flowers of one color or another
Games with clothespins
The following manual also helps the child learn to control his fingers - clothespins. Yes, yes, the most ordinary clothespins. One piece of advice - choose plastic clothespins that are not too tight so that the baby can use them comfortably. Clothespins that are too tight can discourage you from playing with them. To make playing with them more fun, I suggest you make simple colored templates from cardboard. For such blanks, clothespins can be selected according to color, and a fairy tale can be played out of ready-made figures.
Game "Who eats what"
The main goal of all games with clothespins is to develop fine motor skills, but this game has another goal - to introduce the baby to some animals and their basic diet.
Animal figures made of cardboard
Cut out animal figures from cardboard. In the planned places we cut circles to the size of the child’s fingers. We invite the child to insert his fingers into the animal figurine. With such toys you can play out fairy tales and develop your fingers.
Finger Theater "Varezhka"
Tactile covers
They are very easy to make. You will need empty baby food lids and different textured pieces of fabric. Cut out two identical circles of fabric and glue them to the lids. The more covers and pieces of fabric, the more interesting it will be to play. There can be many game options. The easiest way is to just touch the lids with your fingers. Next, you can put some of the lids in a special bag. We give one to the child to touch and ask him to find the same one in the bag by touch.
Educational soft book
http://www.bensound.com
I really liked the video about what educational book you can make with your own hands. A great idea for little kids!
