The goddess tyuhe is all about her. God of wealth among the Greeks. Ancient Greek gods of wealth. Gods of money, wealth and luck in Greek mythology. Demeter and Persephone - ancient Greek gods of wealth and fertility
Age of Astrea
Blind happiness
Hand of Nemesis
Nemesis (Νέμεσις), the Greeks called the goddess of revenge and harsh justice. They portrayed her as a winged woman with a bridle and sword in her hands, as an omnipresent deity punishing violation of social and moral norms.
Nowadays, the word "Nemesis" is used with the meaning of "just retribution"; and by "the hand of Nemesis" is meant the power and authority of the state court.
There is such popular expression like "four" k "". These are four German words starting with one letter: Kinder, Kuche, Kirhe, Kleider (children, kitchen, church, outfits).
For example, the once German emperor Wilhelm II spoke about the feminist movement and, in general, about the idea of women's equality, saying that a German woman is obliged to know only "children, cuisine, church and clothes."
However, the German emperor probably forgot that the ancients associated the golden age of mankind with a woman. In addition, in antiquity, again, in the hands of women, there was happiness and retribution.
Age of Astrea
The expression "Age of Astrea" can be found today only in old-old books, and that is quite rare. In today's everyday speech, the "golden age" is much more often spoken.
So, who exactly was Astrea and why do we use the phrase "golden age"?
In the myths of antiquity, Astrea was the goddess of justice, the daughter of the almighty Zeus, the father of gods and people, and the goddess of justice Themis.
Goddess Astrea was sent by her parents to live on earth in order to help people live honestly and justly. However, unable to bear their crimes, she ascended to heaven. It was then that the "Age of Astrea", the "golden age", that is, the golden time of fabulous happiness, ended. Later, this expression began to characterize a happy streak of life or a time of joy.
As for the goddess Astrea, she has since shone in the sky in the constellation of the Zodiac under the name of Virgo.
Blind happiness
Very often, in museums of sculpture and painting, you can see an image of a young woman rolling somewhere on a winged wheel, symbolizing the instability and changeability of the world. This is the ancient Greek goddess Tyche (Tihi) - the goddess of chance and luck, abundance and happiness, with whom the Romans identified their goddess Fortuna. She has a cornucopia in her hands, and a blindfold closes her eyes: that is why happiness is considered blind.
The ancients believed that a person's luck does not depend on any other reason than chance. Besides, any happiness is short-lived. It is no coincidence that the goddess flies around the world with her eyes closed, pouring her gifts from the cornucopia: you see, they hit you too ... However, the "wheel of Fortune" has turned, and the goddess is already far away ...
Of course, today we understand that our happiness is in our hands, thanks to a positive attitude and thoughts (not to the detriment of others) that turn the wheel of Fortune in your direction ...
Tyha (Tyche, Tyche, Tyukhe), Greek - the daughter of Ocean and Tefida, the goddess of chance, good luck.
She lived on Olympus, was part of the retinue of Zeus; Of the other gods, she was closest to the god of wealth Plutos, whom she took care of from his birth together with the goddess of peace Eirena. The proverb included her cornucopia - an accidentally broken off horn of a goat, which fed Zeus with her milk. Zeus himself filled this horn with various gifts, and Tyha distributed them to her favorites. (According to some authors, this horn once adorned the head of the river god Aheloy, and Hercules, who fought with, broke off the horn.)
Initially, Tyha was considered only a companion of other gods; it turned into an independent deity only at the end of the classical era. As the cult of Tycha spread, many Hellenistic cities began to regard her as their patroness. The Roman goddesses and Felicitas (Felitsa), the goddess of happiness, largely merged with the Quiet.
Ancient artists usually depicted Tycho on a ball, with outstretched wings, which was supposed to symbolize her instability, inconstancy. And vice versa, Tiha, the patroness of cities, was depicted as seated, with a crown in the form of city walls with gates. Among her best statues are Tycha of Ostia (with a cornucopia in his left and with a steering oar in his right hand), Tycha of Antioch (a copy of the work of Eutychides of the 3rd century BC), Tycha of Prusa ( 2nd century AD) and "Tycha of Thessalonica" from the triumphal arch of Emperor Galerius (4th century AD).
Tyche was the goddess of happiness - she was revered in many cities that willingly surrendered to her care, she was glorified by poets. She had several names: Tyukha, Tyche, Tychea. Tyche consider the sister of the Nereids, attractive sea nymphs, others - the daughter of Prometheus, and some more - the daughter of Zeus himself. In Greek mythology, it was to a certain extent a custom in controversial cases of Zeus, the common forefather of gods and people, to be considered a father. Tyche was the goddess of happiness — she was revered in many cities, which willingly surrendered to her care, she was glorified by poets, orphaned people turned to her with heartfelt prayers. Under her supervision, ships sail to safe marinas, thanks to her, a truce ensues in the war, which knocks bloodied weapons out of people's hands.
Why do we call her the patroness of Gorgippia? But because during the period of the great Greek colonization, in a period when the unconditional belief in the predetermination of fate was shaken, when the Greeks were worried about the question "what awaits them on an unfamiliar coast - death or a bright future?" it was Tyche who began to be considered the patroness of cities erected far from their homeland. Even the high headdress of the goddess was depicted as city defensive walls.
From this fickle goddess, whom Zeus himself feared according to mythology, because she could radically change all his orders, literally everything depended in the life of the Gorgippians:
- whether it will rain from a clear sky;
- whether the cold fog will settle on the blooming gardens;
- will wolves attack the peacefully grazing herds;
- whether the enemy will stumble during the fight, stepping on a stone talus.
From early childhood residents Gorgippia they knew that this goddess could either bestow untold riches from the Cornucopia of a person she liked, or take the last away from a poor man who somehow did not please her.
Several sculptural images of the goddess have been found on the territory of modern Anapa and in its vicinity. The largest of them was found during excavations of one of the households on the territory of the museum-reserve. The statuette was located in the home altar in the basement of the house, not far from which a tablet was found, the first words of which are "Kind Tyche ...". Even without being near, the Gorgippians tried to appease the wayward goddess, and not only because they were afraid of her, but because she had a wonderful quality - she could fulfill desires, any, the most unrealizable.
The guests of the Anapa Archaeological Museum have a unique opportunity - to make the most cherished wish in front of the statue of Tyche, because if you are worthy of the grace of the gods and remind yourself more often, everything in your life will be wonderful.
Tyche (Tyche, Fortune)- an archetype that combines conflicting desires of unlimited control over one's own and other people's lives, and absolute fearlessness in the face of consequences.
Tyche is a woman who has many ideas and associated emotions that are constantly changing, and the ideas can be radically opposite. This is the archetype of an easy and fun, but at the same time, very bossy and emotionally excitable woman.
Such women are very fond of observing the life of friends and acquaintances, advising them how to act. Tyche often shapes and directs the lives of his family members. This woman always knows how to act correctly in this moment, but she cannot plan for the future, since much in her life depends on the momentary impulse.
Tyche builds relationships with people a little paradoxically, she chooses a social circle of the "like - dislike" type without having a pretty good reason for this. Raging emotionality in such cases is expressed either in full acceptance despite the shortcomings or in a constant struggle with imaginary enemies despite their merits. Just like in myths - if someone is at the top of the Wheel of Fortune, then someone must always be below.
Tyche is perceived by women as an emotional, kind and compassionate girlfriend. Tyche loves to listen to frank female conversations, in which her thought is appreciated and taken into account. Her friends are often guided by Tyche's advice, thereby relieving herself of part of the responsibility for their actions, but she likes the opportunity to manage, and the feeling of power and control associated with her. She rarely feels genuine pity for the suffering of others.
Tyche is a pretty good manipulator, she can attract someone to her social circle, but if for some reason a person becomes unpleasant to her, she skillfully does so that the very circumstances and attitudes of others do not allow him to stay in the same place and in the same position ... All these logical actions are usually provoked by a powerful emotional impulse - through one wrong step of a friend, a careless word or action. But emotionality also plays a role when, after a relatively short period of time, a friendship is restored as suddenly as it ended.
In relationships with men, she somewhat resembles Athena with her coldness in achieving her goal, but Tyche can quite often, brightly and sensually fall in love with men of different status and appearance, with whom she should be interested. If Tyche falls in love, she tries to help the object of sympathy, but she cannot but show her essence, and over time begins to manipulate him, taking part in all his endeavors, guiding him in his work or simply working nearby, giving advice. Such a woman will probably want to know everything about her man, what is happening to him and what he feels.
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Tyukhe
Tyche(Tyche, Tyche, Tycheya Greek. Τύχη , "Chance", that which fell by lot) - in Greek mythology, the goddess of chance and luck.
In ancient Roman mythology, Fortune corresponds to it. Tyche was not found in classical mythology, but appeared only in the Hellenistic era as a conscious opposition to the ancient idea of an unchanging fate. It symbolizes the volatility of the world, its instability and randomness of any fact of personal and social life.
The name Tyukhe, the oceanids and companion of Persephone, first appears in the Homeric hymn to Demeter, but this character has nothing to do with the goddess Tyukhe.
At Archilochus, Tyukhe is located next to Moira; in Pindar, she is the daughter of Zeus and is also close to the moiram. Pausanias agrees with Pindar's words that Tyukhe is one of the Moiraes and is stronger than her sisters. Orphic people associate Tyukhe with Artemis.
Tyche is personified in the dramas of Euripides and acts as an important driving force in the Hellenistic drama. The protagonist of Menander's comedy "The Shield". Her statue by Praxiteles in Megara. Statue in Corinth. Some consider it to be the constellation Virgo.
Tyukhe on the reverse of the coin of Gordian III.
Notes (edit)
- Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1991-92. In 2 volumes.Vol. 2. P.515, Lubker F. Real dictionary of classical antiquities. M., 2001. In 3 volumes.Vol. 3. P.446; See Nonn. Acts of Dionysus II 669
- Homer's Hymns V 420
- frg. 8 Diel
- Pind. Ol. XII
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas VII 26, 8
- Orfica, fr. 204 Kern; Orphic Hymns LXXII
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas I 43, 6
- Pausanias. Description of Hellas II 2, 7
- Pseudo-Eratosthenes. Catasterism 9; Gigin. Astronomy II 25, 2
Literature
- Taho-Godi A.A., Greek mythology, 132 articles // Myths of the peoples of the world. T. 2. - M .: Sov. encyclopedia, 1982
- Taho-Godi AA, Nature and chance as stylistic principles of neo-attic comedy, in: Problems of classical philology, 1971, no. 3-4, p. 217-72
- Sinitsyn A.A. 1998: Thucydides and the concept of fate - Tyche among the Greeks in the 5th century. BC e. - elar.uniyar.ac.ru/jspui/handle/123456789/1513: Auth. diss ... Ph.D. Saratov.
- Strohm H., Tyche. Zur Schicksalauffassung bel Pindar und den trühgriechischen Dichtern, Stuttg., 1944.
This abstract is based on an article from the Russian Wikipedia. Synchronization completed 07/13/11 17:51:34 PM
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